python3.7 文件操作 ...
#!/usr/bin/env python __author__ = "lrtao2010" #python3.7 文件操作 # r 只讀,預設打開方式,當文件不存在時會報錯 # w 只寫,當文件不存在時會自動創建文件,文件內容只能是字元串,只能寫入字元串 # r+ 可讀可寫,當文件不存在時會報錯 # w+ 可讀可寫。當文件不存在時會新建 # a 追加文件,不可讀 # a+ 追加文件,可讀可寫 # rb 以二進位讀模式打開,只可讀 # rb+ 以二進位寫讀寫模式打開,可讀可寫,當文件不存在時報錯 # wb 以位進位寫模式打開,只可寫 # wb+ 以二進位讀寫模式打開,可讀可寫。當文件不存在時新建 # ab 以二進位追加模式打開,追加文件,不可讀 # ab+ 以二進位讀寫模式打開,追加文件。可讀可寫 # with open("file.txt",'w',encoding='utf-8') as f: # print(f.readable()) # print(f.writable()) # False # True # with open("file.txt",'r',encoding='utf-8') as f: # print(f.readable()) # print(f.writable()) # True # False # with open("file.txt",'r+',encoding='utf-8') as f: # print(f.readable()) # print(f.writable()) # True # True # with open("file.txt",'a',encoding='utf-8') as f: # print(f.readable()) # print(f.writable()) # False # True # with open("file.txt",'a+',encoding='utf-8') as f: # print(f.readable()) # print(f.writable()) # True # True # f= open("file1.txt",encoding='utf-8')#不寫encoding,預設問操作系統編碼 # file_data=f.read() #完全讀取 # print(file_data) # f.close() #需要執行關閉操作 # 1111 # 222 # 333 # 44 # 5555 # 666 # 你好! # hello # with open("file.txt",encoding='utf-8')as f: # file_data=f.read() # print(file_data) #不需要執行close(),系統會自動關閉。 # 1111 # 222 # 333 # 44 # 5555 # 666 # 你好! # hello # with open("file.txt",encoding='utf-8')as f: # print(f.readable()) #判斷是否可讀 # print(f.writable()) #判斷是否可寫 # print(1, f.readline()) #一次只讀一行 # print(2, f.readline()) # print(3, f.readline()) # print(4, f.readline()) # print(5, f.readline()) # print(6, f.readline()) # print(7, f.readline()) # print(8, f.readline()) # True # False # 1 1111 # # 2 222 # # 3 333 # # 4 44 # # 5 5555 # # 6 666 # # 7 你好! # # 8 hello #with open("file.txt",encoding='utf-8')as f: # print(f.readlines()) #將文件內容讀取到列表中 # ['1111\n', '222\n', '333\n', '44\n', '5555\n', '666\n', '你好!\n', 'hello'] # for i in f.readlines(): # print(i) # 1111 # # 222 # # 333 # # 44 # # 5555 # # 666 # # 你好! # # hello # with open('file.txt','r',encoding='utf-8',newline='') as f: # # print(f.readlines()) # # ['1111\r\n', '222\r\n', '333\r\n', '44\r\n', '5555\r\n', '666\r\n', '你好!\r\n', 'hello'] # for i in f.readlines(): # print(i,end='') #不列印換行符 # 1111 # 222 # 333 # 44 # 5555 # 666 # 你好! # hello # with open('file.txt','w+',encoding='utf-8') as f: #原文件被清空後重新寫入 # f.write('a\n') # f.write('b\nc\n') # f.writelines(['d\n', 'e\n']) # f.seek(0) #將指針seek到0位置,否則讀不出數據 # print(f.read()) # # a # # b # # c # # d # # e # with open('file.txt','r+',encoding='utf-8') as f: #從指針位置所在處寫入寫入 # print(f.readline()) # f.write('a\n') # f.write('b\nc\n') # f.writelines(['d\n', 'e\n']) # f.seek(0) #將指針seek到0位置,否則讀不出數據 # print(f.read()) # # 1111 # # # # 1111 # # 222 # # 333 # # 44 # # 5555 # # 666 # # 你好! # # helloa # # b # # c # # d # # e # with open('file.txt','a+',encoding='utf-8') as f: # f.write('寫到文件最後') # f.seek(0) # print(f.read()) # # 1111 # # 222 # # 333 # # 44 # # 5555 # # 666 # # 你好! # # hello寫到文件最後 # with open('file.txt','a+',encoding='utf-8') as f: # print(f.encoding) #查看文件編碼 # #utf - 8 # #'字元串'---------encode---------》bytes # #bytes---------decode---------》'字元串' # with open('file.txt','rb') as f: #b模式不能指定編碼 # file_data=f.read() # print(file_data) # print(file_data.decode('utf-8')) # # b'1111\r\n222\r\n333\r\n44\r\n5555\r\n666\r\n\xe4\xbd\xa0\xe5\xa5\xbd!\r\nhello' # # 1111 # # 222 # # 333 # # 44 # # 5555 # # 666 # # 你好! # # hello # with open('file.txt','wb+') as f: # file_data = 'test wb' # f.write(file_data.encode('utf-8')) # f.seek(0) # print(f.read()) # # b'test wb' # flush() 文件內容從記憶體刷到硬碟 # tell() 查看文件當前游標位置 # seek(3) #從開頭開始算,將游標移動到第三個位元組 #seek 有三種工作方式,seek(offset[, whence]) #seek(2,0)=seek(2),0是預設方式,相當於從0位元組位置開始 #seek(2,1) 1 相對當前位置 #seek(-2,2) 2 從文件末尾開始 # truncate(10) #從開頭開始算,將文件只保留從0-10個位元組的內容,文件打開方式必須包含"寫", #但是w和w+除外,因為這兩種方式會首先把文件清空。 # with open('file.txt','ab') as f: # f.truncate(1) #列印文件最後一行 # with open("file.txt",'rb') as f: # for i in f: #這種方式不會讀取整個文件,需要從哪裡讀取才從哪裡開始讀取,迴圈文件的推薦方式 # offs=-5 #偏移量,根據一行大小確定 # while True: # f.seek(offs,2) # data=f.readlines() # if len(data) > 1: # print('這是最後一行:',data[-1].decode('utf-8')) # break # offs*=2 # 這是最後一行: hello你好!hello你好!hello你好!hello你好!