使用three.js(webgl)搭建智慧樓宇、設備檢測、數字孿生、物聯網3D、物業3D監控、物業基礎設施可視化運維、3D定位、三維室內定位、3d建築,3d消防,消防演習模擬,3d庫房,webGL,threejs,3d機房,bim管理系統 ...
老子雲:有道無術,術尚可求,有術無道,止於術。
咱開篇引用老子的話術,也沒其它意思,只是最近學習中忽有感悟,索性就寫了上來。
這句話用現代辯證思維理解,這裡的”道“ 大抵是指方法論,解決大部分問題的一般發展規律,例如學習的方法,解決問題的方法,獲取知識的方法。而這裡的”術“就可以理解為解決具體問題的技術,例如,一門手藝,一項專業,一個技能等。老子的意思是要掌握一般事物的發展規律...
學習技術,也是一樣,比如咱最近專註的3D技術,往行而上了說,道在於實踐中求知的方法論,術在於熟練並應用技術的能力。而往行而下了講,道在於3D具體執行的原理(瞭解掌握webgl),術則在於封裝好的庫的應用(瞭解掌握three.js)
不過現在靜下心,看文字的很少了,上面說教了這麼一堆廢話,我也全當一說,你如讀了,也權當一樂。要是有那麼一點贊同,姑且也就這麼滴吧。
序:
最近也很長時間沒有記一些博文了,翻了一下之前的項目,重新以現在的角度審度之前的代碼,看看有沒有啥可以提煉,可以改進的點。溫故而知新嗎。
看自己之前寫的代碼,有些地方能發現一些驚喜,但大部分都是驚嚇,都是寫了啥啊,咋當時就這麼寫了,大多時候都是滿臉的鄙夷。
這個項目還是好久前的項目,具體時候,不太記得了,是給杭州的一個泵業小鎮做的智慧樓宇。當時說是智慧樓宇,但是監控的設備,並沒有那麼多。估計也是一個試點項目吧。
智慧樓宇的項目做過好多個,可以看看我之前的一些案例課程:
物聯網3D,物業基礎設施3D運維,使用webgl(three.js)與物聯網設備結合案例。搭建智慧樓宇,智慧園區,3D園區、3D物業設施,3D樓宇管理系統——第八課
使用webgl(three.js)搭建3D智慧園區、3D大屏,3D樓宇,智慧燈桿三維展示,3D燈桿,web版3D,bim管理系統——第六課
閑話少序,咱麽切入正題。
一、整體效果
首先我們先看一下整體的建模項目效果,如下:
二、功能展示
功能還是比較簡單的,無非是一些多角度展示與簡單幾種設備檢測
2.1、視角切換
視角切換比較再技術上實現比較簡單,主要是改變主攝像機camera的屬性
在場景中調整幾個固定的角度,然後提取攝像機的屬性值,再跟視角按鈕做關聯,這樣就可以簡單實現外場的視角切換了。
2.2、樓層切換
樓層切換稍微複雜一些,這裡主要使用了按需載入,建模時也要考慮到具體場景的應用
樓層切換,首先考慮的是樓層再何時載入,如果一開始全部預載入好,這無疑是對性能與速度的浪費,其次是載入後是否需要銷毀。
例如上圖,場景複原後,內部樓層是否再可視範圍內,對於webgl來說,在場景內的模型,都是需要進行計算繪製的,不管是否被遮擋。
再如上圖,再次調用打開樓層時,如何處理動畫,如何節約資源。這些都是主要的技術點。我們後面節點著重講解方法。這裡著重介紹功能
2.3、設備監控
智慧樓宇,數字孿生,主要核心在於採集端數據跟展示端數據的關聯控制。
如上圖 設備與樓層關聯,定位某種類型設備時,自動展開樓層。
三、技術講解
3.1、建模
建模除了固有的特效模型需要處理外,其它的就需要根據業務邏輯對模型進行分解,歸類,本著不浪費新能,極致載入的原則。例如這個項目,我們模型分解如下:
3.1.1外立面模型框架
初見的場景,只做外立面模型,不做內部模型
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3.1.2、獨立樓層模型
樓層模型按需載入,即用到時再載入,看不到時直接不載入或者隱藏,模型代碼如下:
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3.1.3、具體樓層房間模型
這部分模型主要是對樓層模型進行分隔,樓層外圍可以複製,內部不同,這樣我們既可以通過分開建模的方式,實現控制
模型代碼如下:
[ { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "br_f1_w_17", "objType": "cube2", "length": 900, "width": 15, "height": 300, "x": 889.653, "y": 136.966, "z": -315.791, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteNa 1 }, " mgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "br_f1_w_36", "objType": "cube2", "length": 700, "width": 15, "height": 300, "x": 5979.223, "y": 136.966, "z": -2274.46, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "br_f1_w_37", "objType": "cube2", "length": 15, "width": 400, "height": 300, "x": 6328.26, "y": 136.966, "z": -2469.455, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.j egree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "name": "dev_f1_wsd_2OBJCREN1", "objType": "cylinder", "radiusTop": 16, "radiusBottom": 20, "height": 100, "segmentsX": 24, "segmentsY": 0, "openEnded": false, "position": { "x": -61.251, "y": 120.45, "z": 5.971 }, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "style": { "skinColor": 16776960, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_3.jpg" }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_side": { "skinColor": 16777215, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_4.jpg", "repeatx": true, "width": 3, "repeaty": true, "height": 1 } } }, "showSortNub": 7, "show": true, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "dev_f1_wsd_2OBJCREN2", "objType": "cube2", "length": 210, "width": 20, "height": 160, "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": -61.333, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_3.jpg" }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_3.jpg" }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 6, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }], "showSortNub": 43, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }]View Code
3.2、邏輯代碼
上面講過模型建模時的註意事項,下麵就是對分解好的模型進行應用。
3.2.1、視角切換
主要調用切換視角得方法WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition
$(".floorNub").click(function () {//2D頁面按鈕事件綁定 $(".floorNub").attr("class", "floorNub") $(this).attr("class", "floorNub action"); var id= $(this).attr("id"); if(indexpage.btn_action){ layer.msg("動畫執行中..."); return; } indexpage.btn_action = true; switch (id) { case "Btn_1"://視角一 { WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition( {x: 9487.603167348385, y: 8719.775524425808, z: 10591.130126266144},{x: 4356.640551613654, y: 4840.572823023986, z: 3600.0637528600773}, 1000, function () { indexpage.btn_action = false; }); } break;}}
});
3.2.2、樓層分解
//出發切換樓層方法
case "Btn_5"://樓層一 { modelBussiness.backToAllBuild(function () { modelBussiness.showFloor(1); setTimeout(function () { indexpage.btn_action = false; }, 1000); }); } break;
調用showFloor方法,方法具體如下
ModelBussiness.prototype.showFloor = function (floornub) { modelBussiness.currentState = "rooms"; WT3DObj.IsStepFirstBackSide = true; //顯示樓層 modelBussiness.clickFloorAnimation(floornub); layer.closeAll(); }
這裡主要調用clickFloorAnimation方法,並且記錄當前狀態
ModelBussiness.prototype.clickFloorAnimation = function (_floorNub) { modelBussiness.loadFloorRooms(_floorNub);//載入樓層 modelBussiness.showFloorAnimation(_floorNub);//顯示樓層 var floors = modelBussiness.InfloorBuildCache; var position = { y: 1} new showSlowly(position).to({ y: 500, }, 500).onUpdate(function () { var _this = this; $.each(floors, function (_i, _o) { var _fnub = parseInt(_o.name.replace("build_f", "")); if (_fnub > _floorNub) { _o.position.y = _o.oldPositiony + (_fnub - _floorNub) * _this.y; } }) }).onComplete(function () { var oobjs = []; $.each(floors, function (_i, _o) { var _fnub = parseInt(_o.name.replace("build_f", "")); if (_fnub > _floorNub) { oobjs.push(_o); } }); WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeObjsOpacity(oobjs, 1, 0.01, 1000, function () { $.each(oobjs, function (_i, _o) { _o.visible = false; _o.position.y = 100000; }); }); if(_floorNub<=3){ WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition({ x: 3873, y: 8547 + (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 5275 }, { x: 3639, y: 3780 + (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 2556 }, 1000, function () { }); } else { WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition({ x: 756.8552720903069, y: 4080 + (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 3005.0971402300224 }, { x: 778.609209478186, y: (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 1208.2712831508117 }, 1000, function () { }); } var position = { y: 500 } new showShowly(position).to({ y: 2000, }, 1000).onUpdate(function () { var _this = this; $.each(floors, function (_i, _o) { var _fnub = parseInt(_o.name.replace("build_f", "")); if (_fnub > _floorNub) { _o.position.y = _o.oldPositiony + (_fnub - _floorNub) * _this.y; _o.step2Positiony = _o.oldPositiony + (_fnub - _floorNub) * _this.y; } }); }).onComplete(function () { }).start(); }).start(); }
按需載入得方法,對不同樓層 按需載入對應得模型
ModelBussiness.prototype.loadFloorRooms = function (nub, floor) { var floorname = "build_f" + nub; if (nub == 2) { floorname += "_1"; } var floor = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObject(floorname); if (modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub]){ $.each(modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub], function (_index, _obj) { _obj.visible = true; _obj.position.y = _obj.oldPositiony; }); return; } if (nub >= 5) { var models = getF5Rooms(); $.each(models, function (_index, _obj) { _obj.name = _obj.name.replace("br_f4_", "br_f" + nub+"_"); if (_obj.name.indexOf("text") >= 0) { _obj.position.y = floor.position.y + 550; } else { if (_obj.position) { _obj.position.y = floor.position.y+500; } else { _obj.y = floor.position.y+150; } } }); WT3DObj.commonFunc.loadModelsByJsons(models, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, true, function () { modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub] = []; $.each(WT3DObj.scene.children, function (_index, _obj) { if (_obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_w_") == 0 || _obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_r_") == 0) { _obj.oldPositiony = _obj.position.y; modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub].push(_obj); }; }); }); } else { var models = window["getF"+nub+"Rooms"](); WT3DObj.commonFunc.loadModelsByJsons(models, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, true, function () { modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub] = []; $.each(WT3DObj.scene.children, function (_index, _obj) { if (_obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_w_") == 0 || _obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_r_") == 0) { _obj.oldPositiony = _obj.position.y; modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub].push(_obj); } }); }); } }
樓層展開,虛化等動畫統一展示方法:
ModelBussiness.prototype.showFloorAnimation = function (floornub) { modelBussiness.hidemodelsCache = null; modelBussiness.scaleModels = null; var hidemodeNames = ["bout_f13_2", "bout_f13_1", "bout_f13_1", "bout_f13_0", "bout_flow2_1", "bout_flow2_2", "bout_flow2_3"]; for (var i = 1; i <= 12; i++) { hidemodeNames.push("build_out"+i); } var hidemodeModels = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObjectsByNames(hidemodeNames); $.each(hidemodeModels, function (_index, _obj) { _obj.oldPositiony = _obj.position.y; _obj.visible = false; _obj.position.y = 200000; }); var scaleModelNames = ["bout_39", "bout0_11", "bout_42", "bout_38", "bout_45", "bout_40", "bout_44", "bout_41", "bout_43"]; var scaleModels = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObjectsByNames(scaleModelNames); WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeObjsOpacity(scaleModels, 1, 0.01, 1000, function () { $.each(scaleModels, function (_index, _obj) { _obj.oldScaleX = _obj.scale.x; _obj.oldScaleY = _obj.scale.y; _obj.oldScaleZ = _obj.scale.z; if (["bout_39", "bout_38", "bout_40", "bout_41"].indexOf(_obj.name) >= 0) { _obj.scale.y = floornub / 14 } if (["bout_42", "bout_45", "bout_44", "bout_43", "bout0_11"].indexOf(_obj.name) >= 0) { _obj.scale.z = floornub / 14 } if ("bout0_11" == _obj.name) { _obj.scale.z = (floornub - 3) / 11 } }); WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeObjsOpacity(scaleModels, 0.01, 1, 10, function () { }); }); modelBussiness.hidemodelsCache = hidemodeModels; modelBussiness.scaleModels = scaleModels; }
3.2.3、設備定位
定位具體設備,將樓層展開與主攝像機位置調整並用起來調用
modelBussiness.backToAllBuild(function () { modelBussiness.showFloor(4);//展開樓層4 setTimeout(function () {
//調整攝像機位置 WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition({x: 853.7726152337735, y: 3002.9928530489865, z: 2579.4120334043137},{x: 1732.9469861751966, y: 1855.692424929085, z: 1402.3507946674324}, 1000, function () { indexpage.btn_action = false; }); }, 1000); });
3.3、數據對接、展示
數據對接,主要是講模型與設備數據id進行綁定,並且根據api進行調用
function W3DShowApi() { } //顯示設備自定義框 W3DShowApi.prototype.showDevWin = function (modelname) { console.log("顯示樓層數字的自定義框"); //這裡的showHtml可以自定義 var showHtml = "<div style='font-size:32px;color:white;text-align:center;line-height:90px;'>自定義內容:" + modelname + "</div > "; //這裡的顯示框大小可以自定義 var area = ['auto', "100px"];//寬 高 return { html: showHtml, area: area } } W3DShowApi.prototype.dbclickDevWin = function (modelname) { console.log("顯示樓層數字的自定義框"); //這裡的showHtml可以自定義 layer.msg("顯示雙擊設備自定義框:" + modelname); } var w3DShowApi = new W3DShowApi();
我們這裡彈窗使用了layerui的插件
ModelBussiness.prototype.showRoomMsg = function (_obj) { var showWindow = false; var showHtml = "<div></div>"; var area = ["350px", "200px"]; if (w3DShowApi) { var wparam = w3DShowApi.showDevWin(_obj.name); if (wparam) { showHtml = wparam.html; area = wparam.area; showWindow = true; } } if (!showWindow) { return; } modelBussiness.hasshowRoomMessage = false; modelBussiness.currentShowRoomText = _obj; //獲取位置 var position = { x: _obj.position.x, y: _obj.position.y, z: _obj.position.z, }; //position.y += 150; var screenPostion = WT3DObj.transToScreenCoord(position); $("#MarkMessageHelper").remove(); $("body").append("<div id='MarkMessageHelper' style='position:absolute;left:" + (screenPostion.x) + "px;top:" + screenPostion.y + "px;height:2px;width:2px;z-index:1000;'></div>"); layer.closeAll(); modelBussiness.currentShowRoomTipIndex = layer.tips(showHtml, '#MarkMessageHelper', { closeBtn: 1, shade: false, shadeClose: true, skin:"customskin", area: area, time: 0,//是否定時關閉,0表示不關閉 cancel: function (index, layero) { modelBussiness.hasshowRoomMessage = false; layer.close(index); if (closeFunc) { closeFunc(); } }, success: function () { setTimeout(function () { modelBussiness.hasshowRoomMessage = true; }, 150); }, tips: [1, "rgba(0,0,0,0.1)"] //還可配置顏色 }); }
由於篇幅原因,這一課先介紹到這裡
後面我將繼續講解用webgl 建立 3D隧道、3D橋梁、webgl實現三維隧道橋梁、three.js實現三維隧道橋梁、橋梁隧道三維應用炫酷效果等等
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