Oracle19c單實例資料庫配置OGG單用戶數據同步測試

19c單實例配置GoldenGate 併進行用戶數據同步測試當前數據使用的是經典模式配置GoldenGate 進行數據同步，關於容器資料庫配置GoldenGate 請參閱： Configuring Oracle GoldenGate in a Multitenant Container Datab ...

19c單實例配置GoldenGate 併進行用戶數據同步測試

19c單實例配置GoldenGate 併進行用戶數據同步測試

當前數據使用的是經典模式配置GoldenGate 進行數據同步，關於容器資料庫配置GoldenGate 請參閱：

Configuring Oracle GoldenGate in a Multitenant Container Database (Doc ID 2031069.1)

一、資料庫操作

1、開啟資料庫附加日誌

開啟的最小附加日誌和強制日誌

SQL> alter database add supplemental log data;
SQL> select supplemental_log_data_min from v$database;
SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

2、開啟資料庫歸檔模式

RAC所有節點
SQL> shutdown immediate

實例1：
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> archive log list;
SQL> alter database open;

實例2 ：
直接執行
SQL> startup

如果需要修改歸檔日誌路徑：
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1= 'location=<歸檔路徑>' sid='*';

3、開啟goldengate同步

SQL> show parameter gol

NAME				     				TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
enable_goldengate_replication	     boolean	 FALSE


SQL> alter system set ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICATION=true;

System altered.


SQL> show parameter gol

NAME				     				TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
enable_goldengate_replication	     boolean	 TRUE

4、創建goldengate管理用戶

--1、create tablespace
create tablespace gguser_dat datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/gguser_dat_01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;

--2、create the user 
create user gguser IDENTIFIED BY gguser123
  default tablespace gguser_dat
  temporary tablespace TEMP
  profile DEFAULT;

--3、Grant role privileges 
grant connect to GGUSER;
grant resource to GGUSER;

--4、Grant system privileges 
grant alter any index to GGUSER;
grant alter any table to GGUSER;
grant alter session to GGUSER;
grant alter system to GGUSER;
grant create any directory to GGUSER;
grant create any index to GGUSER;
grant create any table to GGUSER;
grant create session to GGUSER;
grant delete any table to GGUSER;
grant drop any directory to GGUSER;
grant drop any index to GGUSER;
grant drop any table to GGUSER;
grant flashback any table to GGUSER;
grant insert any table to GGUSER;
grant select any dictionary to GGUSER;
grant select any table to GGUSER;
grant select any transaction to GGUSER;
grant unlimited tablespace to GGUSER;
grant update any table to GGUSER;

5、集成捕獲所需許可權授權

授予gguser用戶集成捕獲所需的許可權

SQL> exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('GGUSER',container=>'ALL');

請參閱：Integrated Capture Process Cannot Start with OGG-02061 at Multitenant Configuration (Doc ID 2748951.1)

6、創建測試用戶及測試表

--1、創建測試用戶表空間（SHUAIGE_DAT）
create tablespace shuaige_dat datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/shuaige_dat_01.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;

--2、創建測試用戶（SHUAIGE），密碼（shuaige123）
create user SHUAIGE IDENTIFIED BY shuaige123
  default tablespace shuaige_dat
  temporary tablespace TEMP
  quota unlimited ON shuaige_dat
  profile DEFAULT;

--3、授予用戶（SHUAIGE）用戶資料庫角色
grant connect to SHUAIGE;
grant resource to SHUAIGE;

--4、創建測試表

--測試表（T1）
CREATE TABLE SHUAIGE.T1 (
    ID number(10),
    NAME varchar2(30))
    tablespace shuaige_dat;

--測試表（T2）
CREATE TABLE SHUAIGE.T2 (
    ID number(10),
    NAME varchar2(30))
    tablespace shuaige_dat;

--5、給測試表創建主鍵約束

--創建表主鍵(T1)，主鍵名（T1_PK），主鍵列（ID）
alter table SHUAIGE.T1 add constraint T1_PK primary key(id)
using index
tablespace shuaige_dat;

--創建表主鍵(T2)，主鍵名（T2_PK），主鍵列（ID）
alter table SHUAIGE.T2 add constraint T2_PK primary key(id)
using index
tablespace shuaige_dat;

測試目標即(SHUAIGE.T1)表數據使用Goldengate同步到(SHUAIGE.T2)表

二、配置GOLDENGATE

1、配置MGR

GGSCI > edit params mgr

添加以下內容：

PORT 7809

DYNAMICPORTLIST 7810-7899

USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT

AUTORESTART ER *, RETRIES 5, WAITMINUTES 1, RESETMINUTES 10

PURGEOLDEXTRACTS ./dirdat/*, USECHECKPOINTS, MINKEEPDAYS 1

LAGINFOMINUTES 10
LAGCRITICALMINUTES 60

使用goldengate預設生成的key的加密方法：encrypt password <要進行加密的密碼>,ENCRYPTKEY default Using default key

示例：（用戶：gguser，密碼：gguser123），對該密碼進行加密
GGSCI  27> encrypt password gguser123,ENCRYPTKEY default Using default key
Using Blowfish encryption with DEFAULT key.
Encrypted password:  AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH
Algorithm used:  BLOWFISH
為了安全起見最好在goldengate配置文件中使用加密密碼進行配置，當然明文密碼也是可用的

2、重啟MGR

GGSCI > stop mgr
Manager process is required by other GGS processes.
Are you sure you want to stop it (y/n)?y

Sending STOP request to MANAGER ...
Request processed.
Manager stopped.


GGSCI > start mgr
Manager started.

3、配置GLOBALS

GGSCI > edit params ./GLOBALS

添加以下內容：

CHECKPOINTTABLE gguser.checkpoint
OUTPUTFILEUMASK 027

4、創建checkpoint表

GGSCI > DBLOGIN USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT

Successfully logged into database.

GGSCI > ADD CHECKPOINTTABLE gguser.checkpoint

Successfully created checkpoint table gguser.checkpoint.

或使用明文密碼登錄資料庫：dblogin userid , password ，示例如下：
GGSCI > dblogin userid gguser, password gguser123
Successfully logged into database.

5、添加表級別的附加日誌

ggsci命令行中登錄資料庫

GGSCI > DBLOGIN USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT

Successfully logged into database.

若數據全部同步沒有條件、沒有主鍵表、添加表級別附加日誌
GGSCI > add trandata 用戶名.表名

若數據同步有條件過濾並且表有主鍵，添加表級別附加日誌
GGSCI > add trandata 用戶名.表名,clos(列名)

info trandata 用戶.表名查詢trandata是否添加成功（enable），未添加trandata為（disable）狀態

按用戶生成添加、查詢、刪除表級別附加日誌sql，示例：

#在資料庫中執行：
select 'add trandata '||owner||'.'||table_name from dba_tables where owner = 'SHUAIGE';
select 'info trandata '||owner||'.'||table_name from dba_tables where owner = 'SHUAIGE';
select 'delete trandata '||owner||'.'||table_name from dba_tables where owner = 'SHUAIGE';

#在GGSCI中執行：
add trandata SHUAIGE.T1
add trandata SHUAIGE.T2

info trandata SHUAIGE.T1
info trandata SHUAIGE.T2

添加成功輸出如下：

GGSCI > add trandata SHUAIGE.T1

2022-05-10 10:41:10  INFO    OGG-15132  Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SHUAIGE.T1.

2022-05-10 10:41:10  INFO    OGG-15133  TRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on table SHUAIGE.T1.

2022-05-10 10:41:10  INFO    OGG-15135  TRANDATA for instantiation CSN has been added on table SHUAIGE.T1.

2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T1 ***** 
Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T1.
Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T1: ID.

GGSCI > add trandata SHUAIGE.T2
2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-15132  Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SHUAIGE.T2.

2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-15133  TRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on table SHUAIGE.T2.

2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-15135  TRANDATA for instantiation CSN has been added on table SHUAIGE.T2.

2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T2 ***** 
Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T2.
Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T2: ID.

校驗trandata輸出如下：

GGSCI > info trandata SHUAIGE.T1

2022-05-10 10:43:26  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T1 ***** 
Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T1.
Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T1: ID.

Logging of supplemental redo log data is enabled for table SHUAIGE.T1.

Columns supplementally logged for table SHUAIGE.T1: "ID".

Prepared CSN for table SHUAIGE.T1: 2175964

GGSCI > info trandata SHUAIGE.T2

2022-05-10 10:43:33  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T2 ***** 
Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T2.
Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T2: ID.

Logging of supplemental redo log data is enabled for table SHUAIGE.T2.

Columns supplementally logged for table SHUAIGE.T2: "ID".

Prepared CSN for table SHUAIGE.T2: 2176044
GGSCI (ocp19c as gguser@orcl) 14>

6、查詢資料庫字元集

當前資料庫session的環境字元集：

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

7、添加抽取進程

GGSCI > add extract ef_test1,TRANLOG,BEGIN NOW

GGSCI > add exttrail ./dirdat/cs,extract ef_test1

GGSCI > edit params ef_test1

（./dirdat/cs）表示extract進程生成exttrail文件的位置和文件名開頭為cs，示例文件：

-rw-r----- 1 ggate ggate 1823 May 10 11:24 cs000000000

goldengate所有的進程(extract、replicat)的名字都不能超過八個字元，在添加進程和設置配置文件的時候最好起一些有含義的名字

這個示例（ef_test1）ef代表捕獲進程也叫抽取進程，test1就代表第一個測試

添加以下內容：

EXTRACT ef_test1

SETENV (ORACLE_SID="orcl")
SETENV(NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")

USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT

NUMFILES 3000
EOFDELAYCSECS 10

EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/cs

TRANLOGOPTIONS LOGRETENTION DISABLED
TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADER
TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADERBUFSIZE 1048576
TRANLOGOPTIONS _NOREADAHEAD ANY

WARNLONGTRANS 4H, CHECKINTERVAL 300

GETTRUNCATES
GETUPDATEBEFORES

NOCOMPRESSDELETES

CACHEMGR, CACHESIZE 128MB

-- TABLES
TABLE shuaige.t1;

註意：進程中所有的參數都可以按照實際的生產或測試需求添加，以上參數是我比較常用的

我發現在19c 配置goldengate與11g配置goldengate不同的地方和個別參數限制，如下：

不能在添加抽取進程時指定線程（thread）參數（單實例）

value "3 M" is out of legal range (300 s - 20000000 s) for [checkinterval].

CACHESIZE. Range values between: min 128 - max 2097152 MB.

在GGSCI命令行輸入help查詢更多幫助信息

8、添加複製進程

GGSCI > add replicat rf_test1,exttrail ./dirdat/cs, checkpointtable gguser.checkpoint

GGSCI > edit params rf_test1

這裡的（./dirdat/cs）表示要指定replicat進程讀取的exttrail文件

在（3、配置GLOBALS）中已經配置了全局GLOBALS，添加複製進程時會自動添加到gguser.checkpoint，若添加時手動指定checkpoint表，則以手動指定的為準

添加以下內容：

REPLICAT rf_test1

SETENV(NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")

USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT

SQLEXEC "ALTER SESSION SET COMMIT_LOGGING=IMMEDIATE"
SQLEXEC "ALTER SESSION SET COMMIT_WAIT=NOWAIT"

NUMFILES 3000
EOFDELAYCSECS 10

DISCARDFILE ./dirdsc/rf_test1.dsc, APPEND, MEGABYTES 512
DISCARDROLLOVER AT 00:00

ASSUMETARGETDEFS

ALLOWNOOPUPDATES

GETTRUNCATES
GETUPDATEBEFORES

--TABLES
MAP shuaige.t1, TARGET shuaige.t2;

註意：進程中所有的參數都可以按照實際的生產或測試需求添加，以上參數是我比較常用的

這個示例（rf_test1）rf代表複製進程也叫應用進程，所有rf_test1就代表第一個測試的複製進程

使用ggate用戶手動創建dirdsc目錄，因為我在這個複製進程中配置了DISCARDFILE參數，會在指定目錄下生成.dsc文件

mkdir -p /ggate/dirdsc

9、啟動抽取進程與複製進程

GGSCI > start ef_test1
GGSCI > start rf_test1

查看進程狀態

GGSCI > info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
EXTRACT     RUNNING     EF_TEST1    00:00:00      00:00:06    
REPLICAT    RUNNING     RF_TEST1    00:00:00      00:00:07

三、進行數據同步測試：

1、數據插入測試

（1）向SHUAIGE.T1表中插入一條數據

SYS@orcl> insert into shuaige.T1 values(1,'李清照');

1 row created.

SYS@orcl> commit;

Commit complete.

（2）檢查進程同步狀態

GGSCI >  stats ef_test1,total

Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EF_TEST1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 11:25:49.

Output to ./dirdat/cs:

Extracting from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T1:

*** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:10 ***
	Total inserts                   	           1.00
	Total updates                   	           0.00
	Total deletes                   	           0.00
	Total upserts                   	           0.00
	Total discards                  	           0.00
	Total operations                	           1.00

End of Statistics.


GGSCI > stats rf_test1,total

Sending STATS request to REPLICAT RF_TEST1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 11:26:41.

Replicating from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T2:

*** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:11 ***
	Total inserts                   	           1.00
	Total updates                   	           0.00
	Total deletes                   	           0.00
	Total upserts                   	           0.00
	Total discards                  	           0.00
	Total operations                	           1.00

End of Statistics.

可以看到插入的數據已經成功的捕獲和應用了

常用檢查進程狀態命令stats，EXTRACT與REPLICAT進程都適用

GGSCI > stats EXTRACT,total --查看當前進程所有的操作狀態

GGSCI > stats EXTRACT,hourly --查看當前小時整點到當前時間所有的操作狀態

GGSCI > stats EXTRACT,daily --查看今日凌晨0點到當前時間所有的操作狀態

詳情查看（help stats EXTRACT）（help stats REPLICAT）：

（3）驗證數據是否同步

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t1;

		ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         1 李清照

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t2;

		ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         1 李清照

2、數據更新測試

（1）在SHUAIGE.T1表中更新一條數據

SYS@orcl> update shuaige.t1 set name='辛棄疾' where id = '1';

1 row updated.

SYS@orcl> commit;

Commit complete.

（2）檢查進程同步狀態

GGSCI (ocp19c) 17> stats ef_test1,total

Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EF_TEST1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:49:43.

Output to ./dirdat/cs:

Extracting from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T1:

*** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:10 ***
	Total inserts                   	           1.00
	Total updates                   	           1.00
	Total befores                   	           1.00
	Total deletes                   	           0.00
	Total upserts                   	           0.00
	Total discards                  	           0.00
	Total operations                	           2.00

End of Statistics.


GGSCI (ocp19c) 18> stats rf_test1,total

Sending STATS request to REPLICAT RF_TEST1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:50:07.

Replicating from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T2:

*** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:11 ***
	Total inserts                   	           1.00
	Total updates                   	           1.00
	Total befores                   	           1.00
	Total deletes                   	           0.00
	Total upserts                   	           0.00
	Total discards                  	           0.00
	Total operations                	           2.00

End of Statistics.

可以看到更新的數據已經成功的捕獲和應用了

（3）驗證數據是否同步

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t1;

		ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         1 辛棄疾

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t2;

		ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         1 辛棄疾

3、數據刪除測試

（1）在SHUAIGE.T1表中刪除一條數據

SYS@orcl> delete from shuaige.t1 where id = 1;

1 row deleted.

SYS@orcl> commit;

Commit complete.

（2）檢查進程同步狀態

GGSCI (ocp19c) 19> stats ef_test1,total

Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EF_TEST1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:52:48.

Output to ./dirdat/cs:

Extracting from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T1:

*** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:10 ***
	Total inserts                   	           1.00
	Total updates                   	           1.00
	Total befores                   	           1.00
	Total deletes                   	           1.00
	Total upserts                   	           0.00
	Total discards                  	           0.00
	Total operations                	           3.00

End of Statistics.


GGSCI (ocp19c) 20> stats rf_test1,total

Sending STATS request to REPLICAT RF_TEST1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:52:56.

Replicating from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T2:

*** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:11 ***
	Total inserts                   	           1.00
	Total updates                   	           1.00
	Total befores                   	           1.00
	Total deletes                   	           1.00
	Total upserts                   	           0.00
	Total discards                  	           0.00
	Total operations                	           3.00

End of Statistics.

可以看到刪除的數據已經成功的捕獲和應用了

（3）驗證數據是否同步

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t1;

no rows selected

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t2;

no rows selected