目錄 1.創建項目 2.重寫用戶管理界面 3.用戶管理 4.用戶註冊 5.用戶登錄 6.用戶退出 7.自動數據遷移 8.啟動應用 1.創建項目項目中會多出如下紅框內的用戶身份管理的文件：單獨啟動該項目，已經擁有了用戶登錄、註冊、註銷、管理等功能頁面。 2.重寫用戶管理界面但是，我們並不想使用原 ...

1.創建項目

項目中會多出如下紅框內的用戶身份管理的文件：

單獨啟動該項目，已經擁有了用戶登錄、註冊、註銷、管理等功能頁面。

2.重寫用戶管理界面

但是，我們並不想使用原有的登錄頁面，我們想要自定義用戶頁面。

項目=》右鍵 =》添加 =》新搭建基架的項目

添加過程中如果報錯 “運行所選代碼生成器時出錯”，則先清理該項目，嘗試重新添加，如果仍然報錯，重啟VSStudio，再次添加基架即可。

然後就會看到項目中添加了下圖中的文件：

User.cs 中添加姓名和生日：

public class User : IdentityUser
    {
        [PersonalData]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        [PersonalData]
        public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
    }

3.用戶管理

Leo.Users.Areas.Identity.Pages.Account.Manage.Index.cshtml.cs ：

public partial class IndexModel : PageModel
    {
        private readonly UserManager<User> _userManager;
        private readonly SignInManager<User> _signInManager;
        private readonly IEmailSender _emailSender;

        public IndexModel(
            UserManager<User> userManager,
            SignInManager<User> signInManager,
            IEmailSender emailSender)
        {
            _userManager = userManager;
            _signInManager = signInManager;
            _emailSender = emailSender;
        }

        public string Username { get; set; }

        public bool IsEmailConfirmed { get; set; }

        [TempData]
        public string StatusMessage { get; set; }

        [BindProperty]
        public InputModel Input { get; set; }

        public class InputModel
        {
            #region 新增
            [Required]
            [DataType(DataType.Text)]
            [Display(Name = "姓名")]
            public string Name { get; set; }

            [Required]
            [Display(Name = "生日")]
            [DataType(DataType.Date)]
            public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
            #endregion

            [Required]
            [EmailAddress]
            public string Email { get; set; }

            [Phone]
            [Display(Name = "電話")]
            public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnGetAsync()
        {
            var user = await _userManager.GetUserAsync(User);
            if (user == null)
            {
                return NotFound($"Unable to load user with ID '{_userManager.GetUserId(User)}'.");
            }

            var userName = await _userManager.GetUserNameAsync(user);
            var email = await _userManager.GetEmailAsync(user);
            var phoneNumber = await _userManager.GetPhoneNumberAsync(user);

            Username = userName;

            Input = new InputModel
            {
                #region 新增
                Name = user.Name,
                Birthday = user.Birthday,
                #endregion
                Email = email,
                PhoneNumber = phoneNumber
            };

            IsEmailConfirmed = await _userManager.IsEmailConfirmedAsync(user);

            return Page();
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostAsync()
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                return Page();
            }

            var user = await _userManager.GetUserAsync(User);
            if (user == null)
            {
                return NotFound($"Unable to load user with ID '{_userManager.GetUserId(User)}'.");
            }

            var email = await _userManager.GetEmailAsync(user);
            if (Input.Email != email)
            {
                var setEmailResult = await _userManager.SetEmailAsync(user, Input.Email);
                if (!setEmailResult.Succeeded)
                {
                    var userId = await _userManager.GetUserIdAsync(user);
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Unexpected error occurred setting email for user with ID '{userId}'.");
                }
            }

            #region 新增
            if (Input.Name != user.Name)
            {
                user.Name = Input.Name;
            }

            if (Input.Birthday != user.Birthday)
            {
                user.Birthday = Input.Birthday;
            }
            #endregion
            
            var phoneNumber = await _userManager.GetPhoneNumberAsync(user);
            if (Input.PhoneNumber != phoneNumber)
            {
                var setPhoneResult = await _userManager.SetPhoneNumberAsync(user, Input.PhoneNumber);
                if (!setPhoneResult.Succeeded)
                {
                    var userId = await _userManager.GetUserIdAsync(user);
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Unexpected error occurred setting phone number for user with ID '{userId}'.");
                }
            }

            #region 新增
            await _userManager.UpdateAsync(user);
            #endregion

            await _signInManager.RefreshSignInAsync(user);
            StatusMessage = "Your profile has been updated";
            return RedirectToPage();
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostSendVerificationEmailAsync()
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                return Page();
            }

            var user = await _userManager.GetUserAsync(User);
            if (user == null)
            {
                return NotFound($"Unable to load user with ID '{_userManager.GetUserId(User)}'.");
            }


            var userId = await _userManager.GetUserIdAsync(user);
            var email = await _userManager.GetEmailAsync(user);
            var code = await _userManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user);
            var callbackUrl = Url.Page(
                "/Account/ConfirmEmail",
                pageHandler: null,
                values: new { userId = userId, code = code },
                protocol: Request.Scheme);
            await _emailSender.SendEmailAsync(
                email,
                "Confirm your email",
                $"Please confirm your account by <a href='{HtmlEncoder.Default.Encode(callbackUrl)}'>clicking here</a>.");

            StatusMessage = "Verification email sent. Please check your email.";
            return RedirectToPage();
        }
    }

展示頁面 Index.cshtml :

@page
@model IndexModel
@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Profile";
    ViewData["ActivePage"] = ManageNavPages.Index;
}

<h4>@ViewData["Title"]</h4>
<partial name="_StatusMessage" for="StatusMessage" />
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-6">
        <form id="profile-form" method="post">
            <div asp-validation-summary="All" class="text-danger"></div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Username"></label>
                <input asp-for="Username" class="form-control" disabled />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Input.Email"></label>
                @if (Model.IsEmailConfirmed)
                {
                    <div class="input-group">
                        <input asp-for="Input.Email" class="form-control" />
                        <span class="input-group-addon" aria-hidden="true"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-ok text-success"></span></span>
                    </div>
                }
                else
                {
                    <input asp-for="Input.Email" class="form-control" />
                    <button id="email-verification" type="submit" asp-page-handler="SendVerificationEmail" class="btn btn-link">Send verification email</button>
                }
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Email" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                @* 新增 start *@
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label asp-for="Input.Name"></label>
                    <input asp-for="Input.Name" class="form-control" />
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label asp-for="Input.Birthday"></label>
                    <input asp-for="Input.Birthday" class="form-control" />
                </div>
                @* end *@
                <label asp-for="Input.PhoneNumber"></label>
                <input asp-for="Input.PhoneNumber" class="form-control" />
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.PhoneNumber" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <button id="update-profile-button" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
        </form>
    </div>
</div>

@section Scripts {
    <partial name="_ValidationScriptsPartial" />
}

4.用戶註冊

Leo.Users.Areas.Identity.Pages.Account.Register.cshtml.cs :

[AllowAnonymous]
    public class RegisterModel : PageModel
    {
        private readonly SignInManager<User> _signInManager;
        private readonly UserManager<User> _userManager;
        private readonly ILogger<RegisterModel> _logger;
        private readonly IEmailSender _emailSender;

        public RegisterModel(
            UserManager<User> userManager,
            SignInManager<User> signInManager,
            ILogger<RegisterModel> logger,
            IEmailSender emailSender)
        {
            _userManager = userManager;
            _signInManager = signInManager;
            _logger = logger;
            _emailSender = emailSender;
        }

        [BindProperty]
        public InputModel Input { get; set; }

        public string ReturnUrl { get; set; }

        public class InputModel
        {
            #region 新增
            [Required]
            [DataType(DataType.Text)]
            [Display(Name = "姓名")]
            public string Name { get; set; }

            [Required]
            [Display(Name = "生日")]
            [DataType(DataType.Date)]
            public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
            #endregion

            [Required]
            [EmailAddress]
            [Display(Name = "Email")]
            public string Email { get; set; }

            [Required]
            [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} and at max {1} characters long.", MinimumLength = 6)]
            [DataType(DataType.Password)]
            [Display(Name = "密碼")]
            public string Password { get; set; }

            [DataType(DataType.Password)]
            [Display(Name = "確認密碼")]
            [Compare("Password", ErrorMessage = "The password and confirmation password do not match.")]
            public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }
        }

        public void OnGet(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            ReturnUrl = returnUrl;
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostAsync(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            returnUrl = returnUrl ?? Url.Content("~/");
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                var user = new User {
                    #region 新增
                    Name = Input.Name,
                    Birthday = Input.Birthday,
                    #endregion
                    UserName = Input.Email,
                    Email = Input.Email
                };
                var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, Input.Password);
                if (result.Succeeded)
                {
                    _logger.LogInformation("User created a new account with password.");

                    var code = await _userManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user);
                    var callbackUrl = Url.Page(
                        "/Account/ConfirmEmail",
                        pageHandler: null,
                        values: new { userId = user.Id, code = code },
                        protocol: Request.Scheme);

                    await _emailSender.SendEmailAsync(Input.Email, "Confirm your email",
                        $"Please confirm your account by <a href='{HtmlEncoder.Default.Encode(callbackUrl)}'>clicking here</a>.");

                    await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false);
                    return LocalRedirect(returnUrl);
                }
                foreach (var error in result.Errors)
                {
                    ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);
                }
            }

            // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
            return Page();
        }
    }

展示頁面 Register.cshtml :

@page
@model RegisterModel
@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Register";
}

<h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>

<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
        <form asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl" method="post">
            <h4>Create a new account.</h4>
            <hr />
            <div asp-validation-summary="All" class="text-danger"></div>
            @* 新增 start *@
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Input.Name"></label>
                <input asp-for="Input.Name" class="form-control" />
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Name" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Input.Birthday"></label>
                <input asp-for="Input.Birthday" class="form-control" />
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Birthday" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            @* end *@
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Input.Email"></label>
                <input asp-for="Input.Email" class="form-control" />
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Email" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Input.Password"></label>
                <input asp-for="Input.Password" class="form-control" />
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.Password" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label asp-for="Input.ConfirmPassword"></label>
                <input asp-for="Input.ConfirmPassword" class="form-control" />
                <span asp-validation-for="Input.ConfirmPassword" class="text-danger"></span>
            </div>
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Register</button>
        </form>
    </div>
</div>

@section Scripts {
    <partial name="_ValidationScriptsPartial" />
}

5.用戶登錄

[AllowAnonymous]
    public class LoginModel : PageModel
    {
        private readonly SignInManager<User> _signInManager;
        private readonly ILogger<LoginModel> _logger;

        public LoginModel(SignInManager<User> signInManager, ILogger<LoginModel> logger)
        {
            _signInManager = signInManager;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        [BindProperty]
        public InputModel Input { get; set; }

        public IList<AuthenticationScheme> ExternalLogins { get; set; }

        public string ReturnUrl { get; set; }

        [TempData]
        public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }

        public class InputModel
        {
            [Required]
            [EmailAddress]
            public string Email { get; set; }

            [Required]
            [DataType(DataType.Password)]
            public string Password { get; set; }

            [Display(Name = "Remember me?")]
            public bool RememberMe { get; set; }
        }

        public async Task OnGetAsync(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrorMessage))
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, ErrorMessage);
            }

            returnUrl = returnUrl ?? Url.Content("~/");

            // Clear the existing external cookie to ensure a clean login process
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(IdentityConstants.ExternalScheme);

            ExternalLogins = (await _signInManager.GetExternalAuthenticationSchemesAsync()).ToList();

            ReturnUrl = returnUrl;
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnPostAsync(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            returnUrl = returnUrl ?? Url.Content("~/");

            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                // This doesn't count login failures towards account lockout
                // To enable password failures to trigger account lockout, set lockoutOnFailure: true
                var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(Input.Email, Input.Password, Input.RememberMe, lockoutOnFailure: true);
                if (result.Succeeded)
                {
                    _logger.LogInformation("User logged in.");
                    return LocalRedirect(returnUrl);
                }
                if (result.RequiresTwoFactor)
                {
                    return RedirectToPage("./LoginWith2fa", new { ReturnUrl = returnUrl, RememberMe = Input.RememberMe });
                }
                if (result.IsLockedOut)
                {
                    _logger.LogWarning("User account locked out.");
                    return RedirectToPage("./Lockout");
                }
                else
                {
                    ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "Invalid login attempt.");
                    return Page();
                }
            }

            // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
            return Page();
        }
    }

@page
@model LoginModel

@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Log in";
}

<h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
        <section>
            <form id="account" method="post">
                <h4>Use a local account to log in.</h4>
                <hr />
                <div asp-validation-summary="All" class="text-danger"></div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label asp-for="Input.Email"></label>
                    <input asp-for="Input.Email" class="form-control" />
                    <span asp-validation-for="Input.Email" class="text-danger"></span>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label asp-for="Input.Password"></label>
                    <input asp-for="Input.Password" class="form-control" />
                    <span asp-validation-for="Input.Password" class="text-danger"></span>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <div class="checkbox">
                        <label asp-for="Input.RememberMe">
                            <input asp-for="Input.RememberMe" />
                            @Html.DisplayNameFor(m => m.Input.RememberMe)
                        </label>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Log in</button>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <p>
                        <a id="forgot-password" asp-page="./ForgotPassword">Forgot your password?</a>
                    </p>
                    <p>
                        <a asp-page="./Register" asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl">Register as a new user</a>
                    </p>
                </div>
            </form>
        </section>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">
        <section>
            <h4>Use another service to log in.</h4>
            <hr />
            @{
                if ((Model.ExternalLogins?.Count ?? 0) == 0)
                {
                    <div>
                        <p>
                            There are no external authentication services configured. See <a href="https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=532715">this article</a>
                            for details on setting up this ASP.NET application to support logging in via external services.
                        </p>
                    </div>
                }
                else
                {
                    <form id="external-account" asp-page="./ExternalLogin" asp-route-returnUrl="@Model.ReturnUrl" method="post" class="form-horizontal">
                        <div>
                            <p>
                                @foreach (var provider in Model.ExternalLogins)
                                {
                                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" name="provider" value="@provider.Name" title="Log in using your @provider.DisplayName account">@provider.DisplayName</button>
                                }
                            </p>
                        </div>
                    </form>
                }
            }
        </section>
    </div>
</div>

@section Scripts {
    <partial name="_ValidationScriptsPartial" />
}

6.用戶退出

Logout.cshtml.cs :

[AllowAnonymous]
    public class LogoutModel : PageModel
    {
        private readonly SignInManager<User> _signInManager;
        private readonly ILogger<LogoutModel> _logger;

        public LogoutModel(SignInManager<User> signInManager, ILogger<LogoutModel> logger)
        {
            _signInManager = signInManager;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public void OnGet()
        {
        }

        public async Task<IActionResult> OnPost(string returnUrl = null)
        {
            await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();
            _logger.LogInformation("User logged out.");
            if (returnUrl != null)
            {
                return LocalRedirect(returnUrl);
            }
            else
            {
                return Page();
            }
        }
    }

Logout.cshtml :

@page
@model LogoutModel
@{
    ViewData["Title"] = "Log out";
}

<header>
    <h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>
    <p>您已成功退出</p>
</header>

7.自動數據遷移

程式自動完成資料庫以及表的構建

如圖，會報錯，是因為項目中有兩個Context 數據上下文：

刪掉下麵的包含 ApplicationDbContext.cs 的 Data文件夾

然後編譯時startup.cs 會報錯，找不到ApplicationDbContext 類，此時我們直接將這一段註釋掉即可，因為我們添加基架以後已經有了新的數據模塊：

public class Startup
    {

（五）用戶管理及登錄頁面

目錄