PHP全棧學習筆記7_ZenDei技術網路在線

圖形圖像處理技術，gd庫的強大支持，PHP的圖像可以是PHP的強項，PHP圖形化類庫，jpgraph是一款非常好用的強大的圖形處理工具。在PHP中載入GD庫 gd官方網址下載：激活gd庫，修改php.in文件驗證GD庫是否安裝成功輸入“127.0.0.1/phpinfo.php”並按Ente ...

PHP全棧學習筆記7

圖形圖像處理技術，gd庫的強大支持，PHP的圖像可以是PHP的強項，PHP圖形化類庫，jpgraph是一款非常好用的強大的圖形處理工具。

在PHP中載入GD庫

gd官方網址下載：

http://www.boutell.com/gd

激活gd庫，修改php.in文件

將該文件中的“;extension=php_gd2.dll”選項前的分號“;”刪除

驗證GD庫是否安裝成功
輸入“127.0.0.1/phpinfo.php”並按Enter鍵，檢索到的安裝信息，即說明GD庫安裝成功。

Jpgraph的安裝與配置

官方網站http://www.aditus.nu/jpgraph/下載

解壓到文件夾，編輯php.ini文件，修改include_path參數，如include_path = ".;F:\AppServ\www\jpgraph"，重新啟動Apache。

配置Jpgraph類庫的文件jpg-config.inc.php，
支持中文的配置

DEFINE('CHINESE_TTF_FONT','bkai00mp.ttf');

預設圖片格式的配置

DEFINE("DEFAULT_GFORMAT","auto");

創建畫布，可以通過imagecreate()函數實現

<?php
$im = imagecreate(200,100);
$white = imagecolorallocate($im, 255,65,150);
imagegif($im);
?>

gd庫支持中文，但只能是utf-8，使用imageString()會顯示亂碼，只能接收utf-8編碼格式，預設使用英文字體。

header()函數定義輸出圖像類型
imagecreatefromjpeg()函數載入圖片
imagecolorallocate()函數設置輸出字體顏色
iconv()函數對輸出的中文字元串的編碼格式進行轉換
imageTTFText()函數向照片中添加文字

<?php
header("content-type:image/jpeg");
$im = imagecreateformjpeg("images/photo.jpg");
$textcolor = imagecolorallocate($im, 35,35,23);

//定義字體
$fnt="c:/windows/fonts/simhei.ttf";
//定義輸出字體串
$motto = iconv("gb2312","utf-8","長白山");
// 寫文字
imageTTFText($im, 220,0,200,233, $textcolor, $fnt, $motto); // 寫TTF文字到圖中
// 簡歷里jpeg圖形
imageipeg($im);
imagedestory($im);
?>

使用圖像處理技術生成的驗證碼

<?php
session_start();
header("content-type:image/png");     //設置創建圖像的格式
$image_width=70;                      //設置圖像寬度
$image_height=18;                     //設置圖像高度
srand(microtime()*100000);            //設置隨機數的種子
for($i=0;$i<4;$i++){                  //迴圈輸出一個4位的隨機數
   $new_number.=dechex(rand(0,15));
}
$_SESSION[check_checks]=$new_number;    //將獲取的隨機數驗證碼寫入到SESSION變數中     

$num_image=imagecreate($image_width,$image_height);  //創建一個畫布
imagecolorallocate($num_image,255,255,255);          //設置畫布的顏色
for($i=0;$i<strlen($_SESSION[check_checks]);$i++){  //迴圈讀取SESSION變數中的驗證碼
   $font=mt_rand(3,5);                              //設置隨機的字體
   $x=mt_rand(1,8)+$image_width*$i/4;               //設置隨機字元所在位置的X坐標
   $y=mt_rand(1,$image_height/4);                   //設置隨機字元所在位置的Y坐標
   $color=imagecolorallocate($num_image,mt_rand(0,100),mt_rand(0,150),mt_rand(0,200));       //設置字元的顏色
   imagestring($num_image,$font,$x,$y,$_SESSION[check_checks][$i],$color);                   //水平輸出字元
}
imagepng($num_image);               //生成PNG格式的圖像
imagedestroy($num_image);           //釋放圖像資源
?>

<?php
session_start();
if($_POST["Submit"]!=""){
$checks=$_POST["checks"];
if($checks==""){
echo "<script> alert('驗證碼不能為空');window.location.href='index.php';</script>";
}
if($checks==$_SESSION[check_checks]){
    echo "<script> alert('用戶登錄成功!');window.location.href='index.php';</script>";
}else{
    echo "<script> alert('您輸入的驗證碼不正確!');window.location.href='index.php';</script>";
}
}
?>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>驗證碼應用</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.STYLE1 {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: #FFFFFF;
    font-weight: bold;
}
.style2 {font-weight: bold; font-size: 12px;}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form name="form" method="post" action="">
  <table width="1003" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    <tr>
      <td width="168" height="169" background="images/index_01.gif">&nbsp;</td>
      <td width="685" background="images/index_02.gif">&nbsp;</td>
      <td width="150" background="images/index_03.gif">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="168" height="311" background="images/index_04.gif">&nbsp;</td>
      <td background="images/index_05.gif"><table width="675" height="169"  border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
        <tr>
          <td height="43" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
          <td align="center" valign="middle">&nbsp;</td>
          <td align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td width="382" height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
          <td width="207" height="24" valign="middle"><span class="style2">用戶名</span><span class="STYLE1">
            <input  name="txt_user" id="txt_user" style="height:20px " size="10">
              </span></td>
          <td width="86" height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
          <td height="24" valign="middle"><span class="style2">密碼</span><span class="STYLE1">
          <input  name="txt_pwd" type="password" id="txt_pwd" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; height:20px" size="10">
          </span></td>
          <td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
          <td height="24" valign="middle"><span class="style2">驗證碼</span><span class="STYLE1">
          <input name="checks" size="6" style="height:20px ">
          <img src="checks.php" width="70" height="18" border="0" align="bottom"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
          <td height="24" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td height="40" align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
          <td align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="登錄"></td>
          <td align="center" valign="baseline">&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
      </table></td>
      <td background="images/index_06.gif">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td height="100">&nbsp;</td>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
      <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

使用柱形圖

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_bar.php");

$datay=array(160,180,203,289,405,488,489,408,299,166,187,105);

//創建畫布
$graph = new Graph(600,300,"auto"); 
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->yaxis->scale->SetGrace(20);

//創建畫布陰影
$graph->SetShadow();

//設置顯示區左、右、上、下距邊線的距離，單位為像素
$graph->img->SetMargin(40,30,30,40);

//創建一個矩形的對象
$bplot = new BarPlot($datay);

//設置柱形圖的顏色
$bplot->SetFillColor('orange'); 
//設置顯示數字    
$bplot->value->Show();
//在柱形圖中顯示格式化的圖書銷量
$bplot->value->SetFormat('%d');
//將柱形圖添加到圖像中
$graph->Add($bplot);

//設置畫布背景色為淡藍色
$graph->SetMarginColor("lightblue");

//創建標題
$graph->title->Set("《PHP》");

//設置X坐標軸文字
$a=array("1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月");
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($a); 

//設置字體
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN);
$graph->xaxis->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN); 

//輸出矩形圖表
$graph->Stroke();
?>

使用折線圖統計

<?php
        include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
        include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_line.php");                                                       //引用折線圖LinePlot類文件
        $datay = array(8320,9360,14956,17028,13060,15376,25428,16216,28548,18632,22724,28460);      //填充的數據   
        $graph = new Graph(600,300,"auto");                             //創建畫布
        $graph->img->SetMargin(50,40,30,40);                            //設置統計圖所在畫布的位置，左邊距50、右邊距40、上邊距30、下邊距40，單位為像素
        $graph->img->SetAntiAliasing();                                 //設置折線的平滑狀態
        $graph->SetScale("textlin");                                    //設置刻度樣式
        $graph->SetShadow();                                            //創建畫布陰影
        $graph->title->Set("2000年PHP圖書月銷售額折線圖");    //設置標題
        $graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);                      //設置標題字體
        $graph->SetMarginColor("lightblue");                            //設置畫布的背景顏色為淡藍色
        $graph->yaxis->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);               //設置Y軸標題的字體
        $graph->xaxis->SetPos("min");
        $graph->yaxis->HideZeroLabel();
        $graph->ygrid->SetFill(true,'#[email protected]','#[email protected]');
        $a=array("1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月");           //X軸
        $graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($a);                               //設置X軸
        $graph->xaxis->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN);                              //設置X坐標軸的字體
        $graph->yscale->SetGrace(20); 
   
        $p1 = new LinePlot($datay);                                     //創建折線圖對象
        $p1->mark->SetType(MARK_FILLEDCIRCLE);                          //設置數據坐標點為圓形標記
        $p1->mark->SetFillColor("red");                                 //設置填充的顏色
        $p1->mark->SetWidth(4);                                         //設置圓形標記的直徑為4像素
        $p1->SetColor("blue");                                          //設置折形顏色為藍色
        $p1->SetCenter();                                               //在X軸的各坐標點中心位置繪製折線
        $graph->Add($p1);                                               //在統計圖上繪製折線
        $graph->Stroke();                                               //輸出圖像
?>

應用3D餅形圖

<?php
include_once ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include_once ("jpgraph/jpgraph_pie.php");
include_once ("jpgraph/jpgraph_pie3d.php");         //引用3D餅圖PiePlot3D對象所在的類文件

$data = array(266036,295621,335851,254256,254254,685425);           //定義數組
$graph = new PieGraph(540,260,'auto');              //創建畫布
$graph->SetShadow();                                //設置畫布陰影

$graph->title->Set("應用3D餅形圖統計2000年商品的年銷售額比率");          //創建標題
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);          //設置標題字體
$graph->legend->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_NORMAL);           //設置圖例字體

$p1 = new PiePlot3D($data);                         //創建3D餅形圖對象
$p1->SetLegends(array("IT數位","家電通訊","家居日用","服裝鞋帽","健康美容","食品煙酒"));
$targ=array("pie3d_csimex1.php?v=1","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=2","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=3",
            "pie3d_csimex1.php?v=4","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=5","pie3d_csimex1.php?v=6");
$alts=array("val=%d","val=%d","val=%d","val=%d","val=%d","val=%d");
$p1->SetCSIMTargets($targ,$alts);

$p1->SetCenter(0.4,0.5);                    //設置餅形圖所在畫布的位置
$graph->Add($p1);                           //將3D餅圖形添加到圖像中
$graph->StrokeCSIM();                       //輸出圖像到瀏覽器

?>

應用柱形圖依次統計2000年月銷量

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_bar.php");

$datay1=array(58,85,65,39,120,91,152,49,97,130,67);
$datay2=array(18,35,101,69,138,131,112,149,88,60,77);

$graph = new Graph(620,300,'auto'); 
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->SetShadow();
$graph->SetMarginColor("yellow");                           //設置畫布背景色為淡藍色
$graph->img->SetMargin(40,30,40,40);
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($gDateLocale->GetShortMonth());

$graph->xaxis->title->Set('');
$graph->xaxis->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);

$graph->title->Set('應用柱形圖依次統計2000年月銷量');
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);

$bplot1 = new BarPlot($datay1);
$bplot2 = new BarPlot($datay2);

$bplot1->SetFillColor("orange");
$bplot2->SetFillColor("lightblue");

$bplot1->SetShadow();
$bplot2->SetShadow();

$bplot1->SetShadow();
$bplot2->SetShadow();

$gbarplot = new GroupBarPlot(array($bplot1,$bplot2));
$gbarplot->SetWidth(0.6);
$graph->Add($gbarplot);

$graph->Stroke();
?>

轎車的月銷量統計

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_line.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_scatter.php");

$datay1 = array(83,57,93,112,142,112,89,125,69,105,118,75);             //定義數組

//創建畫布
$graph = new Graph(620,260);
$graph->SetMarginColor('red');
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->SetFrame(false);
$graph->SetMargin(30,5,25,20);

//創建標簽標題、顏色、文字大小等屬性
$graph->tabtitle->Set(' 2000年轎車的月銷量統計  ' );
$graph->tabtitle->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_NORMAL,10);
$graph->tabtitle->SetColor('darkred','yellow');
// 設置X軸網格
$graph->xgrid->Show();

//應用月份做為X軸的坐標
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($gDateLocale->GetShortMonth());

//創建折線對象
$p1 = new LinePlot($datay1);
$p1->SetColor("navy");

$p1->mark->SetType(MARK_IMG,'car.gif',0.8);             //載入汽車模型標記，並限制其輸出大小

//輸出汽車模型標記的位置
$p1->value->SetFormat('%d');
$p1->value->Show();
$p1->value->SetColor('darkred');
$p1->value->SetFont(FF_ARIAL,FS_BOLD,10);
$p1->value->SetMargin(14);                  //設置汽車銷量距汽車模型標記的距離

$p1->SetCenter();           //設置汽車銷量及模型在X軸各坐標點居中顯示
$graph->Add($p1);           //添加折線圖到圖像中
$graph->Stroke();           //輸出圖像到瀏覽器

?>

統計2006年、2007年、2008年、2009年農產品的產量比率

<?php
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph.php");
include ("jpgraph/jpgraph_pie.php");

//定義數組
$data1 = array(40,21,17,14,23);
$data2 = array(60,54,107,24,83);
$data3 = array(52,151,99,110,223);
$data4 = array(70,181,117,114,33);

//創建畫布
$graph = new PieGraph(600,350,"auto");
$graph->SetShadow();

//設置標題名稱
$graph->title->Set("統計2006年、2007年、2008年、2009年農產品的產量比率");
$graph->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);
$graph->legend->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_NORMAL);

//創建餅形圖對象
$size=0.13;
$p1 = new PiePlot($data1);
$p1->SetLegends(array("大豆","玉米","水稻","小麥","高梁"));
$p1->SetSize($size);
$p1->SetCenter(0.25,0.32);
$p1->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p1->title->Set("2006年");
$p1->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);

$p2 = new PiePlot($data2);
$p2->SetSize($size);
$p2->SetCenter(0.65,0.32);
$p2->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p2->title->Set("2007年");
$p2->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);

$p3 = new PiePlot($data3);
$p3->SetSize($size);
$p3->SetCenter(0.25,0.75);
$p3->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p3->title->Set("2008年");
$p3->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);

$p4 = new PiePlot($data4);
$p4->SetSize($size);
$p4->SetCenter(0.65,0.75);
$p4->value->SetFont(FF_FONT0);
$p4->title->Set("2009年");
$p4->title->SetFont(FF_SIMSUN,FS_BOLD);

$graph->Add($p1);
$graph->Add($p2);
$graph->Add($p3);
$graph->Add($p4);

$graph->Stroke();

?>

文件系統

文件是用來存儲數據的方式之一。
打開文件，關閉文件，讀寫文件，操作文件。

打開文件

resource fopen ( string filename, string mode [, bool use_include_path]);

關閉文件

bool fclose ( resource handle ) ;

<?php
    $f_open =fopen("../file.txt.","rb");       //打開文件
    …    //對文件進行操作
    fclose($f_open)  //操作完成後關閉文件                
?>

讀取數據
可以讀取一個字元,一行字串,整個文件
讀取文件：readfile()、file()和file_get_contents()

readfile()函數
讀入一個文件並將其寫入到輸出緩衝

int readfile(string filename)

file()函數讀取整個文件的內容
file()函數將文件內容按行存放到數組中

array file(string filename)

file_get_contents()函數
將文件內容（filename）讀入一個字元串

string file_get_contents(string filename[,int offset[,int maxlen]])

案例：

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>讀取整個文件</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
    <td width="250" height="25" align="right" valign="middle" scope="col">使用readfile()函數讀取文件內容：</td>
    <td height="25" align="center" valign="middle" scope="col">
    <?php readfile('tm.txt'); ?>    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td height="25" align="right" valign="middle">使用file()函數讀取文件內容：</td>
    <td height="25" align="center" valign="middle">
    <?php
        $f_arr = file('tm.txt');
        foreach($f_arr as $cont){
            echo $cont."<br>";
        }
    ?></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td width="250" height="25" align="right" valign="middle" scope="col">使用file_get_contents()函數讀取文件內容：</td>
    <td height="25" align="center" valign="middle" scope="col">
    <?php
    
        $f_chr = file_get_contents('tm.txt');
        echo $f_chr;
    
    ?></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

讀取一行數據：fgets()和fgetss()

fgets()函數用於一次讀取一行數據

string fgets( int handle [, int length] )

fgetss()函數是fgets()函數的變體，用於讀取一行數據

string fgetss ( resource handle [, int length [, string 
allowable_tags]] )

fgets和fgetss的區別

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>fgets和fgetss的區別</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
    <td height="30" align="right" valign="middle" scope="col">使用fgets函數：</td>
    <td height="30" align="center" valign="middle" scope="col">
<?php
    $fopen = fopen('fun.php','rb');
    while(!feof($fopen)){
        echo fgets($fopen);
    }
    fclose($fopen);
?>  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td height="30" align="right" valign="middle">使用fgetss函數：</td>
    <td height="30" align="center" valign="middle">
    <?php
    $fopen = fopen('fun.php','rb');
    while(!feof($fopen)){
        echo fgetss($fopen);
    }
    fclose($fopen);
?>  </td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

讀取一個字元：fgetc() 讀取任意長度的字串：fread()

string fgetc ( resource handle )

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用fgetc函數讀取字元</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<pre>
<?php
    $fopen = fopen('03.txt','rb');
    while(false !== ($chr = fgetc($fopen))){
        echo $chr;
    }
    fclose($fopen);
?>
</pre>
</body>
</html>

string fread ( int handle, int length )

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用fread函數讀取文件</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
    $filename = "04.txt";
    $fp = fopen($filename,"rb");
    echo fread($fp,32);
    echo "<p>";
    echo fread($fp,filesize($filename));
?>
</body>
</html>

寫入文件

使用fwrite()和file_put_contents()函數向文件中寫入數據

fwrite()函數

int fwrite ( resource handle, string string [, int length] )

file_put_contents()函數

int file_put_contents ( string filename, string data [, int 
flags])

使用fwrite和file_put_contents函數寫入數據

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用fwrite和file_put_contents函數寫入數據</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
    $filepath = "05.txt";
    $str = "此情可待成追憶 只是當時已惘然<br>";
    echo "用fwrite寫入文件：";
    $fopen = fopen($filepath,'wb') or die('文件不存在');
    fwrite($fopen,$str);
    fclose($fopen);
    readfile($filepath);
    echo "<p>用file_put_contents寫入文件：";
    file_put_contents($filepath,$str);
    readfile($filepath);
?>
</body>
</html>

操作文件

bool copy();
bool rename();
bool unlink();
int fileatime();
int filemtime();
int filesize();
array pathinfo();
string realpath();

目錄處理

opendir()函數

resource opendir ( string path)

closedir()函數

void closedir ( resource handle )

案例：

<?php  
$path = "D:\\55555\\www\\55\\55\\12" ;
if (is_dir($path)){                     //檢測是否是一個目錄
    if ($dire = opendir($path))             //判斷打開目錄是否成功
        echo $dire;                 //輸出目錄指針
}else{
    echo '路徑錯誤';
    exit();
}
…                                   //其他操作
closedir($dire);                            //關閉目錄
?>

瀏覽目錄，scandir()函數

array scandir ( string directory [, int sorting_order ])

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>瀏覽目錄</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php  
    $path = 'E:\AppServ\www\mr\sl\13';
    if(is_dir($path)){
        $dir = scandir($path);
        foreach($dir as $value){
            echo $value."<br>";
        }
    }else{
        echo "目錄路徑錯誤！";
    }
?>
</body>
</html>

操作目錄

bool mkdir
bool rmdir
string getcwd
bool chdir
float disk_free_space
string readdir
void rewinddir

高級應用
遠程文件訪問
文件指針
鎖定文件

php.ini中配置,找到allow_url_fopen,設為ON

fopen('http://127.0.0.1/index.php','rb');

文件指針

1．rewind()函數

bool rewind ( resource handle )

2．fseek()函數

int fseek ( resource handle, int offset [, int whence] )

handle參數為要打開的文件
offset為指針位置或相對whence參數的偏移量，可以是負值
whence的值包括3種：
SEEK_SET，位置等於offset位元組
SEEK_CUR，位置等於當前位置加上offset位元組
SEEK_END，位置等於文件尾加上offset位元組
如果忽略whence參數，系統預設為SEEK_SET

3．feof()函數

bool feof ( resource handle )

4．ftell()函數

int ftell ( resource handle )

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>文件指針函數</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
$filename = "07.txt";
$total = filesize($filename);
if(is_file($filename)){
    echo "文件總位元組數：".$total."<br>";
    $fopen = fopen($filename,'rb');
    echo "初始指針位置是：".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
    fseek($fopen,33);
    echo "使用fseek()函數後指針位置：".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
    echo "輸出當前指針後面的內容：".fgets($fopen)."<br>";
    if(feof($fopen))
        echo "當前指針指向文件末尾：".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
    rewind($fopen);
    echo "使用rewind()函數後指針的位置：".ftell($fopen)."<br>";
    echo "輸出前33位元組的內容：".fgets($fopen,33);
    fclose($fopen);
}else{
    echo "文件不存在";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

鎖定文件

bool flock ( int handle, int operation)

LOCK_SH取得共用鎖定（讀取程式）
LOCK_EX取得獨占鎖定（寫入程式）
LOCK_UN釋放鎖定
LOCK_NB防止flock()在鎖定時堵塞
operation的參數

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>使用flock函數</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
    $filename = '08.txt';                       //聲明要打開的文件的名稱
    $fd = fopen($filename,'w');                 //以w形式打開文件
    flock($fd, LOCK_EX);                        //鎖定文件（毒針共用
    fwrite($fd, "hightman1");                   //向文件中寫入數據
    flock($fd, LOCK_UN);                        //解除鎖定
    fclose($fd);                                //關閉文件指針
    readfile($filename);                        //輸出文件內容
?>
</body>
</html>

文件上傳

文件上傳是要通過http協議來實現的，要在php.ini文件中進行對上傳文件的設置，要瞭解$_FILES變數和函數move_uploaded_file()函數實現上傳。

要配置php.ini文件，在文件中找到file_uploads，如果值為on，說明伺服器支持文件上傳，如果為off，則表示不支持，upload_tmp_dir為上傳文件臨時位置，系統預設，也可以自己定。

upload_max_filesize為伺服器允許上傳的文件的最大值，預設2mb。max_execution_timePHP中一個指令所能執行的最大時間，memory_limitPHP中一個指令所分配的記憶體空間。

$_FILES[filename][name]
上傳文件的文件名

$_FILES[filename][size]
文件大小

$_FILES[filename][tmp_name]
為臨時文件名

$_FILES[filename][type]
文件的類型

$_FILES[filename][error]
上傳文件的結果。如果返回0，說明文件上傳成功

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>$_FIELS變數</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style></head>
<body>
<table width="500" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <tr>
    <td width="150" height="30" align="right" valign="middle">請選擇上傳文件：</td>
    <td width="250"><input type="file" name="upfile"/></td>
    <td width="100"><input type="submit" name="submit" value="上傳" /></td>
  </tr>
</form>
</table>
<?php
    if(!empty($_FILES)){
        foreach($_FILES['upfile'] as $name => $value)
            echo $name.' = '.$value.'<br>';
    }
?>
</body>
</html>

文件上傳函數

move_uploaded_file()函數上傳文件

bool move_uploaded_file ( string filename, string destination )

將上傳文件存儲到指定的位置

單文件上傳

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>單文件上傳</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
--> 
</style></head>
<body>
<?php
    if(!empty($_FILES[up_file][name])){
    $fileinfo = $_FILES[up_file];
        if($fileinfo['size'] < 1000000 && $fileinfo['size'] > 0){
            move_uploaded_file($fileinfo['tmp_name'],$fileinfo['name']);
            echo '上傳成功';
        }else{
            echo '文件太大或未知';
        }
    }
?>
<table width="385" height="185" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" background="images/bg.JPG">
  <tr>
    <td width="142" height="80">&nbsp;</td>
    <td width="174">&nbsp;</td>
    <td width="69">&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" name="form">
  <tr>
    <td height="30">&nbsp;</td>
    <td align="left" valign="middle"><input name="up_file" type="file" size="12" /></td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td height="27" align="right">&nbsp;</td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="image" name="imageField" src="images/fg.bmp"></td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
  </form>
  <tr>
    <td height="48">&nbsp;</td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>

多文件上傳

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>多文件上傳</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
    font-size: 12px;
}
body {
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
請選擇要上傳的文件
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" id="up_table" >
    <tbody id="auto">
      <tr id="show" >
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上傳文件 </td>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上傳文件 </td>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上傳文件 </td>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">上傳文件 </td>
        <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input name="u_file[]" type="file"></td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
    <tr>
      <td colspan="4" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><input type="submit" value="上傳" /></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
<?php
if(!empty($_FILES[u_file][name])){
    $file_name = $_FILES[u_file][name];
    $file_tmp_name = $_FILES[u_file][tmp_name];
    for($i = 0; $i < count($file_name); $i++){
        if($file_name[$i] != ''){
            move_uploaded_file($file_tmp_name[$i],$i.$file_name[$i]);
            echo '文件'.$file_name[$i].'上傳成功。更名為'.$i.$file_name[$i].'<br>';
        }
    }
}
?>
</body>
</html>

訪問量：

<?php session_start();  
if($_SESSION[temp]==""){ //判斷$_SESSION[temp]==""的值是否為空,其中的temp為自定義的變數
    if(($fp=fopen("counter.txt","r"))==false){ 
        echo "打開文件失敗!";
    }else{ 
        $counter=fgets($fp,1024);       //讀取文件中數據
        fclose($fp);                    //關閉文本文件
        $counter++;                     //計數器增加1
        $fp=fopen("counter.txt","w");   //以寫的方式打開文本文件<!---->
        fputs($fp,$counter);            //將新的統計數據增加1
        fclose($fp);    
    }                                   //關閉文   
    $_SESSION[temp]=1;                  //登錄以後,$_SESSION[temp]的值不為空,給$_SESSION[temp]賦一個值1
}
?>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>通過文本文件統計頁面訪問量</title>
</head>
<body>
<img src="gd1.php" />
</BODY>
</HTML>

<?php 
//以圖形的形式輸出資料庫中的記錄數

if(($fp=fopen("counter.txt","r"))==false){
    echo "打開文件失敗!";
}else{
    $counter=fgets($fp,1024);
    fclose($fp);
    //通過GD2函數創建畫布
    $im=imagecreate(240,24);
    $gray=imagecolorallocate($im,255,255,255);
    $color =imagecolorallocate($im,rand(0,255),rand(0,255),rand(0,255));    //定義字體顏色
    //輸出中文字元
    $text=iconv("gb2312","utf-8","網站的訪問量:");                        //對指定的中文字元串進行轉換
    $font = "Fonts/FZHCJW.TTF";  
    imagettftext($im,14,0,20,18,$color,$font,$text);                        //輸出中文
    //輸出網站的訪問次數
    imagestring($im,5,160,5,$counter,$color);
    imagepng($im);
    imagedestroy($im);
}   

?>

限制大小的文件上傳

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>限制大小的文件上傳</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body {
    margin-left: 00px;
    margin-top: 0px;
    margin-right: 0px;
    margin-bottom: 0px;
}
-->
</style></head>

<body>
<table width="385" height="185" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" background="images/bg.JPG">
  <tr>
    <td width="142" height="80">&nbsp;</td>
    <td width="174">&nbsp;</td>
    <td width="69">&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
  <form name="form1" method="post" action="index_ok.php" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <tr>
    <td height="30">&nbsp;</td>
    <td align="left" valign="middle"><input name="files" type="file" id="files" size="13" maxlength="150">   </td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td height="27" align="right">&nbsp;</td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="image" name="imageField" src="images/fg.bmp"></td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
  </form>
  <tr>
    <td height="48">&nbsp;</td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

<?php 
    if($_FILES['files']['name']==true){
        $filesize=$_FILES['files']['size'];
        if($filesize>1000000){
            echo "對不起,您上傳的文件超過規定的大小!!";
            echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Refresh\" content=\"3;url=index.php\">將在3秒鐘後返回前頁...";
        }else{
            $path = './upfiles/'. $_FILES['files']['name'];
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['files']['tmp_name'],$path)) { 
                echo "上傳成功!!";
                echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Refresh\" content=\"3;url=index.php\">"; 
            }else{
                echo "文件上傳失敗!!";
                echo "<meta http-equiv=\"Refresh\" content=\"3;url=index.php\">";
            }
        }
    }
?>