前言 剛從事開發那段時間不習慣輸出日誌，認為那是無用功，徒增代碼量，總認為自己的代碼無懈可擊；老大的叮囑、強調也都視為耳旁風，最終導致的結果是我加班排查問題，花的時間還挺長的，要復現問題、排查問題等，幸虧那是公司內部員工用的系統，時間長一點也沒什麼大問題，但是如果是針對客戶的，時間就代表很多東西了， ...
前言
剛從事開發那段時間不習慣輸出日誌，認為那是無用功，徒增代碼量，總認為自己的代碼無懈可擊；老大的叮囑、強調也都視為耳旁風，最終導致的結果是我加班排查問題，花的時間還挺長的，要復現問題、排查問題等，幸虧那是公司內部員工用的系統，時間長一點也沒什麼大問題，但是如果是針對客戶的，時間就代表很多東西了，那造成的影響就非常大了。自那以後養成了輸出日誌的習慣。
但是後來發現，僅僅只是輸出日誌文件，對於排查問題來說，還是很費時，因為要在一個龐大的日誌文件中過濾出我們需要的信息也十分耗時；那麼此時基於日誌文件的日誌系統就被需要了。
至於需不需要搭建日誌系統、以及搭建一個怎樣的日誌系統，需要根據我們的業務實際情況而定，例如公司內部員工用的一個不重要的系統，那麼日誌文件可能就夠了；而對於針對客戶的、直接與公司利益掛鉤的，我認為不僅要搭建日誌系統，更要輸出更詳細的日誌信息到日誌文件，提供運維的效率。
elk + filebeat 各個組件的功能
Elasticsearch：分散式搜索和分析引擎，具有高可伸縮、高可靠和易管理等特點。基於 Apache Lucene 構建，能對大容量的數據進行接近實時的存儲、搜索和分析操作。通常被用作某些應用的基礎搜索引擎，使其具有複雜的搜索功能；
Logstash：數據收集引擎。它支持動態的從各種數據源搜集數據，並對數據進行過濾、分析、豐富、統一格式等操作，然後存儲到用戶指定的位置；
Kibana：數據分析和可視化平臺。通常與 Elasticsearch 配合使用，對其中數據進行搜索、分析和以統計圖表的方式展示；
Filebeat：一個輕量級開源日誌文件數據搜集器，基於 Logstash-Forwarder 源代碼開發，是對它的替代。在需要採集日誌數據的 server 上安裝 Filebeat，並指定日誌目錄或日誌文件後，Filebeat 就能讀取數據，迅速發送到 Logstash 進行解析，亦或直接發送到 Elasticsearch 進行集中式存儲和分析；
本文不會對各個組件做詳細的介紹與使用說明，如果想對各個組件有更詳細的瞭解，那麼需要大伙自行去學習，官網的資料就很不錯。
環境準備
192.168.1.110：logstash + java
192.168.1.111：filebeat + redis + mysql + jdk + tomcat8
192.168.1.112：kibana
192.168.1.113：elasticsearch + java
日誌系統搭建
相關安裝包大家自行準備，去官網下載即可；elk+filebeat我用的都是6.3.2版本，jdk用的1.8版本，mysql是5.7，tomcat是8.5.30
Elasticsearch
依賴jdk，jdk的 搭建可參考我的 另一篇博客：virtualBox安裝centos，並搭建tomcat
[root@cent0s7-03 opt]# tar -zxvf elasticsearch-6.3.2.tar.gz
[root@cent0s7-03 opt]# cd elasticsearch-6.3.2
修改配置，支持遠程訪問：
修改elasticsearch的home目錄/config/elasticsearch.yml，打開配置項network.host:，並將其值設置成0.0.0.0；
但是需要增加系統配置來支持：
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
新增如下配置
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 2048
* hard nproc 4096
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
新增如下配置
vm.max_map_count=262144
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# sysctl -p
啟動elasticsearch
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# ./elasticsearch
發現報錯，如下
[2018-08-19T10:26:33,685][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [] uncaught exception in thread [main] org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:140) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:127) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:93) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:104) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:171) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:326) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:136) ~[elasticsearch-6.3.2.jar:6.3.2] ... 6 moreView Code
這是出於系統安全考慮設置的條件。由於ElasticSearch可以接收用戶輸入的腳本並且執行，為了系統安全考慮，建議創建一個單獨的用戶用來運行ElasticSearch。
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# groupadd elk
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# useradd elsearch -g elk
[root@cent0s7-03 bin]# cd /opt
[root@cent0s7-03 opt]# chown -R elsearch:elk elasticsearch-6.3.2
[root@cent0s7-03 opt]# su elsearch
[elsearch@cent0s7-03 opt]$ cd elasticsearch-6.3.2/bin
[elsearch@cent0s7-03 bin]$ ./elasticsearch (加-d，則表示後端運行)
訪問：http://192.168.1.113:9200，出現如下信息
{
"name" : "8dBt-dz",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "gGH8gMvjTm62yyjob3aeZA",
"version" : {
"number" : "6.3.2",
"build_flavor" : "default",
"build_type" : "tar",
"build_hash" : "053779d",
"build_date" : "2018-07-20T05:20:23.451332Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "7.3.1",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
表示單節點的elasticsearch搭建起來了
Kibana
[root@centos7-02 opt]# tar -zxvf kibana-6.3.2-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-02 opt]# mv kibana-6.3.2-linux-x86_64 kibana6.3.2
修改配置文件：kibana.yml
[root@centos7-02 opt]# vi kibana6.3.2/config/kibana.yml
主要改改兩項：
server.host: "0.0.0.0"
elasticsearch.url: "http://192.168.1.113:9200"
支援遠程訪問和從elasticsearch獲取數據
[root@centos7-02 opt]# ./kibana6.3.2/bin/kibana
啟動日誌如下
log [11:09:00.993] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.032] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.034] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.042] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.045] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.106] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.107] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.123] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.125] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.243] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.245] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.248] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.250] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.251] [warning][security] Generating a random key for xpack.security.encryptionKey. To prevent sessions from being invalidated on restart, please set xpack.security.encryptionKey in kibana.yml log [11:09:01.255] [warning][security] Session cookies will be transmitted over insecure connections. This is not recommended. log [11:09:01.280] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.300] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.304] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.326] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.330] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.332] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.334] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready log [11:09:01.644] [warning][reporting] Generating a random key for xpack.reporting.encryptionKey. To prevent pending reports from failing on restart, please set xpack.reporting.encryptionKey in kibana.yml log [11:09:01.651] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch log [11:09:01.697] [info][listening] Server running at http://0.0.0.0:5601 log [11:09:01.819] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.852] [info][license][xpack] Imported license information from Elasticsearch for the [data] cluster: mode: basic | status: active log [11:09:01.893] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.893] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.894] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.894] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.895] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.895] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.895] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.896] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.897] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.897] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.898] [info][status][plugin:[email protected]] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready log [11:09:01.916] [info][kibana-monitoring][monitoring-ui] Starting all Kibana monitoring collectors log [11:09:01.926] [info][license][xpack] Imported license information from Elasticsearch for the [monitoring] cluster: mode: basic | status: activeView Code
幾個警告不影響功能，不出現error就可以正常服務。
訪問：http://192.168.1.112:5601，出現下圖
Logstash
依賴jdk，jdk的 搭建可參考我的 另一篇博客：virtualBox安裝centos，並搭建tomcat
[root@centos7-01 opt]# tar -zxvf logstash-6.3.2.tar.gz
新增配置文件：first-pipeline.conf
[root@centos7-01 opt]# vi logstash-6.3.2/config/first-pipeline.conf
input {
stdin {}
beats {
port => 5044
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.1.113:9200"]
}
stdout {
codec => rubydebug
}
}
View Code
監聽5044埠，filebeat會從此埠向logstash寫入數據；logstash處理數據之後（filter，實例中沒有展示）再輸出到elasticsearch
[root@centos7-01 opt]# ./logstash-6.3.2/bin/logstash -f /opt/logstash-6.3.2/config/first-pipeline.conf
啟動日誌如下
Sending Logstash's logs to /opt/logstash-6.3.2/logs which is now configured via log4j2.properties [2018-09-03T20:59:05,050][WARN ][logstash.config.source.multilocal] Ignoring the 'pipelines.yml' file because modules or command line options are specified [2018-09-03T20:59:06,072][INFO ][logstash.runner ] Starting Logstash {"logstash.version"=>"6.3.2"} [2018-09-03T20:59:11,487][INFO ][logstash.pipeline ] Starting pipeline {:pipeline_id=>"main", "pipeline.workers"=>1, "pipeline.batch.size"=>125, "pipeline.batch.delay"=>50} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,222][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Elasticsearch pool URLs updated {:changes=>{:removed=>[], :added=>[http://192.168.1.113:9200/]}} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,230][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Running health check to see if an Elasticsearch connection is working {:healthcheck_url=>http://192.168.1.113:9200/, :path=>"/"} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,574][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Restored connection to ES instance {:url=>"http://192.168.1.113:9200/"} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,669][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] ES Output version determined {:es_version=>6} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,672][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Detected a 6.x and above cluster: the `type` event field won't be used to determine the document _type {:es_version=>6} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,775][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] New Elasticsearch output {:class=>"LogStash::Outputs::ElasticSearch", :hosts=>["//192.168.1.113:9200"]} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,810][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Using mapping template from {:path=>nil} [2018-09-03T20:59:12,862][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Attempting to install template {:manage_template=>{"template"=>"logstash-*", "version"=>60001, "settings"=>{"index.refresh_interval"=>"5s"}, "mappings"=>{"_default_"=>{"dynamic_templates"=>[{"message_field"=>{"path_match"=>"message", "match_mapping_type"=>"string", "mapping"=>{"type"=>"text", "norms"=>false}}}, {"string_fields"=>{"match"=>"*", "match_mapping_type"=>"string", "mapping"=>{"type"=>"text", "norms"=>false, "fields"=>{"keyword"=>{"type"=>"keyword", "ignore_above"=>256}}}}}], "properties"=>{"@timestamp"=>{"type"=>"date"}, "@version"=>{"type"=>"keyword"}, "geoip"=>{"dynamic"=>true, "properties"=>{"ip"=>{"type"=>"ip"}, "location"=>{"type"=>"geo_point"}, "latitude"=>{"type"=>"half_float"}, "longitude"=>{"type"=>"half_float"}}}}}}}} [2018-09-03T20:59:13,758][INFO ][logstash.inputs.beats ] Beats inputs: Starting input listener {:address=>"0.0.0.0:5044"} The stdin plugin is now waiting for input: [2018-09-03T20:59:13,852][INFO ][logstash.pipeline ] Pipeline started successfully {:pipeline_id=>"main", :thread=>"#<Thread:0x2ff95604 run>"} [2018-09-03T20:59:13,958][INFO ][logstash.agent ] Pipelines running {:count=>1, :running_pipelines=>[:main], :non_running_pipelines=>[]} [2018-09-03T20:59:14,066][INFO ][org.logstash.beats.Server] Starting server on port: 5044 [2018-09-03T20:59:14,562][INFO ][logstash.agent ] Successfully started Logstash API endpoint {:port=>9600}View Code
Filebeat
[root@centos7 opt]# tar -zxvf filebeat-6.3.2-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@centos7 opt]# mv filebeat-6.3.2-linux-x86_64 filebeat6.3.2
配置filebeat .yml
[root@centos7 opt]# vi filebeat6.3.2/filebeat.yml
配置之後，內容如下
###################### Filebeat Configuration Example ######################### # This file is an example configuration file highlighting only the most common # options. The filebeat.reference.yml file from the same directory contains all the # supported options with more comments. You can use it as a reference. # # You can find the full configuration reference here: # https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/index.html # For more available modules and options, please see the filebeat.reference.yml sample # configuration file. #=========================== Filebeat inputs ============================= filebeat.inputs: # Each - is an input. Most options can be set at the input level, so # you can use different inputs for various configurations. # Below are the input specific configurations. - type: log # Change to true to enable this input configuration. enabled: true # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths. paths: - /log/*.log #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\* # Exclude lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It drops the lines that are # matching any regular expression from the list. #exclude_lines: ['^DBG'] # Include lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It exports the lines that are # matching any regular expression from the list. #include_lines: ['^ERR', '^WARN'] # Exclude files. A list of regular expressions to match. Filebeat drops the files that # are matching any regular expression from the list. By default, no files are dropped. #exclude_files: ['.gz$'] # Optional additional fields. These fields can be freely picked # to add additional information to the crawled log files for filtering #fields: # level: debug # review: 1 ### Multiline options # Mutiline can be used for log messages spanning multiple lines. This is common # for Java Stack Traces or C-Line Continuation # The regexp Pattern that has to be matched. The example pattern matches all lines starting with [ #multiline.pattern: ^\[ # Defines if the pattern set under pattern should be negated or not. Default is false. #multiline.negate: false # Match can be set to "after" or "before". It is used to define if lines should be append to a pattern # that was (not) matched before or after or as long as a pattern is not matched based on negate. # Note: After is the equivalent to previous and before is the equivalent to to next in Logstash #multiline.match: after #============================= Filebeat modules =============================== filebeat.config.modules: # Glob pattern for configuration loading path: ${path.config}/modules.d/*.yml # Set to true to enable config reloading reload.enabled: false # Period on which files under path should be checked for changes #reload.period: 10s #==================== Elasticsearch template setting ========================== # setup.template.settings: # index.number_of_shards: 3 #index.codec: best_compression #_source.enabled: false #================================ General ===================================== # The name of the shipper that publishes the network data. It can be used to group # all the transactions sent by a single shipper in the web interface. #name: # The tags of the shipper are included in their own field with each # transaction published. #tags: ["service-X", "web-tier"] # Optional fields that you can specify to add additional information to the # output. #fields: # env: staging #============================== Dashboards ===================================== # These settings control loading the sample dashboards to the Kibana index. Loading # the dashboards is disabled by default and can be enabled either by setting the # options here, or by using the `-setup` CLI flag or the `setup` command. #setup.dashboards.enabled: false # The URL from where to download the dashboards archive. By default this URL # has a value which is computed based on the Beat name and version. For released # versions, this URL points to the dashboard archive on the artifacts.elastic.co # website. #setup.dashboards.url: #============================== Kibana ===================================== # Starting with Beats version 6.0.0, the dashboards are loaded via the Kibana API. # This requires a Kibana endpoint configuration. # setup.kibana: # Kibana Host # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (http and 5601) # In case you specify and additional path, the scheme is required: http://localhost:5601/path # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: https://[2001:db8::1]:5601 #host: "localhost:5601" #============================= Elastic Cloud ================================== # These settings simplify using filebeat with the Elastic Cloud (https://cloud.elastic.co/). # The cloud.id setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.hosts` and # `setup.kibana.host` options. # You can find the `cloud.id` in the Elastic Cloud web UI. #cloud.id: # The cloud.auth setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.username` and # `output.elasticsearch.password` settings. The format is `<user>:<pass>`. #cloud.auth: #================================ Outputs ===================================== # Configure what output to use when sending the data collected by the beat. #-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------ # output.elasticsearch: # Array of hosts to connect to. # hosts: ["localhost:9200"] # Optional protocol and basic auth credentials. #protocol: "https" #username: "elastic" #password: "changeme" #----------------------------- Logstash output -------------------------------- output.logstash: # The Logstash hosts hosts: ["192.168.1.110:5044"] # Optional SSL. By default is off. # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"] # Certificate for SSL client authentication #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem" # Client Certificate Key #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key" #================================ Logging ===================================== # Sets log level. The default log level is info. # Available log levels are: error, warning, info, debug logging.level: info # At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components. # To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat", # "publish", "service". #logging.selectors: ["*"] #============================== Xpack Monitoring =============================== # filebeat can export internal metrics to a central Elasticsearch monitoring # cluster. This requires xpack monitoring to be enabled in Elasticsearch. The # reporting is disabled by default. # Set to true to enable the monitoring reporter. #xpack.monitoring.enabled: false # Uncomment to send the metrics to Elasticsearch. Most settings from the # Elasticsearch output are accepted here as well. Any setting that is not set is # automatically inherited from the Elasticsearch output configuration, so if you # have the Elasticsearch output configured, you can simply uncomment the # following line. #xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch:View Code
主要是配置filebeat.inputs，採集哪些日誌；關閉output.elasticsearch，打開output.logstash，將收集到的信息推送到logstash。
[root@centos7 opt]# ./filebeat6.3.2/filebeat -e -c ./filebeat6.3.2/filebeat.yml
啟動日誌如下
2018-09-03T21:10:38.748+0800 INFO instance/beat.go:492 Home path: [/opt/filebeat6.3.2] Config path: [/opt/filebeat6.3.2] Data path: [/opt/filebeat6.3.2/data] Logs path: [/opt/filebeat6.3.2/logs] 2018-09-03T21:10:38.780+0800 INFO instance/beat.go:499 Beat UUID: 07d523d5-68ef-4470-a99d-5476bbc8535d 2018-09-03T21:10:38.780+0800 INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:716 Beat info {"system_info": {"beat": {"path": {"config": "/opt/filebeat6.3.2", "data": "/opt/filebeat6.3.2/data", "home": "/opt/filebeat6.3.2", "logs": "/opt/filebeat6.3.2/logs"}, "type": "filebeat", "uuid": "07d523d5-68ef-4470-a99d-5476bbc8535d"}}} 2018-09-03T21:10:38.781+0800 INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:725 Build info {"system_info": {"build": {"commit": "45a9a9e1561b6c540e94211ebe03d18abcacae55", "libbeat": "6.3.2", "time": "2018-07-20T04:18:19.000Z", "version": "6.3.2"}}} 2018-09-03T21:10:38.781+0800 INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:728 Go runtime info {"system_info": {"go": {"os":"linux","arch":"amd64","max_procs":1,"version":"go1.9.4"}}} 2018-09-03T21:10:38.800+0800 INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:732 Host info {"system_info": {"host": {"architecture":"x86_64","boot_time":"2018-09-03T15:40:54+08:00","containerized":true,"hostname":"centos7","ips":["127.0.0.1/8","::1/128","192.168.1.111/24","fe80::3928:4541:b030:bea4/64"],"kernel_version":"3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64","mac_addresses":["08:00:27:e9:d7:da"],"os":{"family":"redhat","platform":"centos","name":"CentOS Linux","version":"7 (Core)","major":7,"minor":5,"patch":1804,"codename":"Core"},"timezone":"CST","timezone_offset_sec":28800,"id":"acc3d28b9c824b55b6cdd5c8c2a46705"}}} 2018-09-03T21:10:38.803+0800 INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:761 Process info {"system_info": {"process": {"capabilities": {"inheritable":null,"permitted":["chown","dac_override","dac_read_search","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","linux_immutable","net_bind_service","net_broadcast","net_admin","net_raw","ipc_lock","ipc_owner","sys_module","sys_rawio","sys_chroot","sys_ptrace","sys_pacct","sys_admin","sys_boot","sys_nice","sys_resource","sys_time","sys_tty_config","mknod","lease","audit_write","audit_control","setfcap","mac_override","mac_admin","syslog","wake_alarm","block_suspend"],"effective":["chown","dac_override","dac_read_search","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","linux_immutable","net_bind_service","net_broadcast","net_admin","net_raw","ipc_lock","ipc_owner","sys_module","sys_rawio","sys_chroot","sys_ptrace","sys_pacct","sys_admin","sys_boot","sys_nice","sys_resource","sys_time","sys_tty_config","mknod","lease","audit_write","audit_control","setfcap","mac_override","mac_admin","syslog","wake_alarm","block_suspend"],"bounding":["chown","dac_override","dac_read_search","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","linux_immutable","net_bind_service","net_broadcast","net_admin","net_raw","ipc_lock","ipc_owner","sys_module","sys_rawio","sys_chroot","sys_ptrace","sys_pacct","sys_admin","sys_boot","sys_nice","sys_resource","sys_time","sys_tty_config","mknod","lease","audit_write","audit_control","setfcap","mac_override","mac_admin","syslog","wake_alarm","block_suspend"],"ambient":null}, "cwd": "/opt", "exe": "/opt/filebeat6.3.2/filebeat", "name": "filebeat", "pid": 1579, "ppid": 1454, "seccomp": {"mode":"disabled"}, "start_time": "2018-09-03T21:10:37.710+0800"}}} 2018-09-03T21:10:38.803+0800 INFO instance/beat.go:225 Setup Beat: filebeat; Version: 6.3.2 2018-09-03T21:10:38.804+0800 INFO pipeline/module.go:81 Beat name: centos7 2018-09-03T21:10:38.816+0800 INFO instance/beat.go:315 filebeat start running. 2018-09-03T21:10:38.816+0800 INFO [monitoring] log/log.go:97 Starting metrics logging every 30s 2018-09-03T21:10:38.817+0800 INFO registrar/registrar.go:117 Loading registrar data from /opt/filebeat6.3.2/data/registry 2018-09-03T21:10:38.821+0800 INFO registrar/registrar.go:124 States Loaded from registrar: 1 2018-09-03T21:10:38.821+0800 WARN beater/filebeat.go:354 Filebeat is unable to load the Ingest Node pipelines for the configured modules because the Elasticsearch output is not configured/enabled. If you have already loaded the Ingest Node pipelines or are using Logstash pipelines, you can ignore this warning. 2018-09-03T21:10:38.821+0800 INFO crawler/crawler.go:48 Loading Inputs: 1 2018-09-03T21:10:38.822+0800 INFO log/input.go:118 Configured paths: [/log/*.log] 2018-09-03T21:10:38.822+0800 INFO input/input.go:88 Starting input of type: log; ID: 8294414020995878211 2018-09-03T21:10:38.866+0800 INFO crawler/crawler.go:82 Loading and starting Inputs completed. Enabled inputs: 1 2018-09-03T21:10:38.867+0800 INFO cfgfile/reload.go:122 Config reloader started 2018-09-03T21:10:38.867+0800 INFO cfgfile/reload.go:214 Loading of config files completed. 2018-09-03T21:10:38.883+0800 INFO log/harvester.go:228 Harvester started for file: /log/spring-boot-integrate.log.2018-08-21.log 2018-09-03T21:11:08.819+0800 INFO [monitoring] log/log.go:124 Non-zero metrics in the last 30s {"monitoring": {"metrics": {"beat":{"cpu":{"system":{"ticks":50,"time":{"ms":54}},"total":{"ticks":70,"time":{"ms":83},"value":70},"user":{"ticks":20,"time":{"ms":29}}},"info":{"ephemeral_id":"faaf6d3e-8fff-4670-9dca-c51b48b134c8","uptime":{"ms":30102}},"memstats":{"gc_next":5931008,"memory_alloc":3006968,"memory_total":4960192,"rss":15585280}},"filebeat":{"events":{"added":93,"done":93},"harvester":{"open_files":1,"running":1,"started":1}},"libbeat":{"config":{"module":{"running":0},"reloads":1},"output":{"events":{"acked":91,"batches":1,"total":91},"read":{"bytes":6},"type":"logstash","write":{"bytes":5990}},"pipeline":{"clients":1,"events":{"active":0,"filtered":2,"published":91,"retry":91,"total":93},"queue":{"acked":91}}},"registrar":{"states":{"current":1,"update":93},"writes":{"success":3,"total":3}},"system":{"cpu":{"cores":1},"load":{"1":0.05,"15":0.05,"5":0.03,"norm":{"1":0.05,"15":0.05,"5":0.03}}}}}}View Code
採集的是/log下的所有的log文件，我們就用工程：spring-boot-integrate來產生log文件（對應的就是我們的項目產生的日誌文件）；spring-boot-integrate依賴127.0.0.1的redis和mysql，需要把redis和mysql啟動起來（註意我的redis是配置了密碼的，mysql用的資料庫是spring-boot，sql文件在工程中）。
[root@centos7 redis-3.2.12]# cd /usr/local/redis-3.2.12/
[root@centos7 redis-3.2.12]# ./src/redis-server redis.conf
[root@centos7 local]# service mysqld start
啟動我們的spring-boot-integrate
用maven生成war包，將spring-boot-integrate.war包拷貝到tomcat的webapps，啟動tomcat即可；註意tomcat版本需要8及以上；
[root@centos7 opt]# cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/
[root@centos7 apache-tomcat-8.5.33]# ./bin/startup.sh
訪問：http://192.168.1.111:8080/spring-boot-integrate，如下圖
說明應用啟動成功，我們可以參照：spring-boot-2.0.3不一樣系列之shiro - 搭建篇，訪問應用，多產生一些日誌數據。
效果
最終數據到kibana進行可視化展示，我們看看我們剛剛的日誌在kibana中的展示情況
總結
架構圖
一般而言，架構圖如下
由nginx對外暴露訪問介面，並提供負載均衡功能。本文中沒有集成nginx，大家可以自己去實現，集成nginx也不難。
另外也沒有集成消息中間件
這種架構適合於日誌規模比較龐大的情況。但由於 Logstash 日誌解析節點和 Elasticsearch 的負荷比較重，可將他們配置為集群模式，以分擔負荷。引入消息隊列，均衡了網路傳輸，從而降低了網路閉塞，尤其是丟失數據的可能性，但依然存在 Logstash 占用系統資源過多的問題。
2、基於docker的搭建
ELK版本迭代非常快，如果能基於docker做成鏡像，基於docker搭建，既方便ELK的統一搭建、也方便ELK的升級；有興趣的小伙伴可以試著搭建。
3、組件組合
本文只是簡單的實現了ELK + Filebeat各個組件都是單節點的集成，相當於搭建了最基礎版本；當然有了這個基礎版本，再搭建某些組件的集群版本也不難了。
另外，組件之間是可以靈活組合的，有些組件也不是必須的，我們可以根據我們業務量的需求來搭建合適的日誌系統。
4、組件詳情
本文只是講elk+filebeat的搭建，各個組件的詳情沒有具體介紹，需要大家自己去瞭解了；各個組件的內容還是挺多的，更好的瞭解各個組件，對搭建高性能的日誌系統有很大幫助。
