Owin Middleware如何在IIS集成管道中執行

Owin Middleware Components(OMCs)

通過安裝Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb

可以讓OMCs在IIS集成管道下工作

在IIS集成管道里，這個request pipeline 包含HttpModules關聯到一組預定義的管道事件，例如

BeginRequest, AuthenticateRequest, AuthorizeRequest,等

如果我們將OMC和HttpModule進行比較，OMC也和HttpModule一樣,必須要被註冊到一個恰當的預定義的管道事件里，比如下麵的這個Httpmodule，

當一個請求來到AuthenticateRequest階段時，MyModule會被調用

public class MyModule : IHttpModule
{
    public void Dispose()
    {
        //clean-up code here.
    }
    public void Init(HttpApplication context)
    {
        // An example of how you can handle AuthenticateRequest events.
        context.AuthenticateRequest += ctx_AuthRequest;
    }
    void ctx_AuthRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        // Handle event.
    }
}

 為了使OMC取參與和HttpModule相同的基於事件的執行順序，Katana運行時代碼掃描Startup配置，並且把每個OMC關聯到某個集成管道事件里，

比如下麵的配置：

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Owin;
using Owin;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.Owin.Extensions;
[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(owin2.Startup))]
namespace owin2
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            app.Use((context, next) =>
            {
                PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(context, "Middleware 1");
                return next.Invoke();
            });
            app.Use((context, next) =>
            {
                PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(context, "2nd MW");
                return next.Invoke();
            }); 
            app.Run(context =>
            {
                PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(context, "3rd MW");
                return context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello world");
            });            
        }
        private void PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(IOwinContext context, string msg)
        {
            var currentIntegratedpipelineStage = HttpContext.Current.CurrentNotification;
            context.Get<TextWriter>("host.TraceOutput").WriteLine(
                "Current IIS event: " + currentIntegratedpipelineStage
                + " Msg: " + msg);
        }
    }
}

 輸出如下：

Current IIS event: PreExecuteRequestHandler Msg: Middleware 1
Current IIS event: PreExecuteRequestHandler Msg: 2nd MW
Current IIS event: PreExecuteRequestHandler Msg: 3rd MW

 可以看到Katana運行時預設映射每個OMC到IIS管道事件PreRequestHandlerExecute

你可以根據需要調整這個OMC和管道事件的這種預設關係，具體使用一個擴展方法IAppBuilder UseStageMarker()，

像下麵這樣：

public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
{
    app.Use((context, next) =>
    {
        PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(context, "Middleware 1");
        return next.Invoke();
    });
    app.Use((context, next) =>
    {
        PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(context, "2nd MW");
        return next.Invoke();
    });
    app.UseStageMarker(PipelineStage.Authenticate);
    app.Run(context =>
    {
        PrintCurrentIntegratedPipelineStage(context, "3rd MW");
        return context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello world");
    });
    app.UseStageMarker(PipelineStage.ResolveCache);
}

 輸出如下：

Current IIS event: AuthenticateRequest Msg: Middleware 1
Current IIS event: AuthenticateRequest Msg: 2nd MW
Current IIS event: ResolveRequestCache Msg: 3rd MW

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/aspnet/overview/owin-and-katana/owin-middleware-in-the-iis-integrated-pipeline