`MBProgressHUD`是一個顯示提示視窗的三方庫,常用於用戶交互、後臺耗時操作等的提示。通過顯示一個提示框,通知用戶操作或任務的執行狀態;同時,利用動畫效果,降低用戶等待的焦慮心理,增強用戶體驗。 本篇文章從源碼角度來看一下 是如何實現的,所用的知識都是比較基礎的,不過還是值得我們學習一下。 ...
MBProgressHUD
是一個顯示提示視窗的三方庫,常用於用戶交互、後臺耗時操作等的提示。通過顯示一個提示框,通知用戶操作或任務的執行狀態;同時,利用動畫效果,降低用戶等待的焦慮心理,增強用戶體驗。
本篇文章從源碼角度來看一下MBProgressHUD
是如何實現的,所用的知識都是比較基礎的,不過還是值得我們學習一下。詳解如下:
1. 類介紹
MBProgressHUD
這是MBProgressHUD
的主要類,提供豐富的屬性來調整視圖的樣式。MBRoundProgressView
這是提供Determinate
視圖顯示的類,有非圓環和圓環視圖兩種方式。MBBarProgressView
這是提供進度條的視圖類。MBBackgroundView
這是MBProgressHUD
的背景視圖類,利用UIVisualEffectView
提供毛玻璃效果
2. MBProgressHUD類的顯示模式
MBProgressHUDModeIndeterminate
MBProgressHUDModeDeterminate
MBProgressHUDModeDeterminateHorizontalBar
MBProgressHUDModeAnnularDeterminate
MBProgressHUDModeCustomView
這是自定義視圖
MBProgressHUDModeText
3.動畫模式
MBProgressHUDAnimationFade
: 漸變模式MBProgressHUDAnimationZoom
: Zoom In & Zoom OutMBProgressHUDAnimationZoomOut
: 消失時帶變小動畫MBProgressHUDAnimationZoomIn
: 出現時帶變大動畫
4. 背景樣式
MBProgressHUDBackgroundStyleSolidColor
: 正常顏色MBProgressHUDBackgroundStyleBlur
: 毛玻璃效果
5. 視圖內容
@property (strong, nonatomic, readonly) UILabel *label;
: 標題@property (strong, nonatomic, readonly) UILabel *detailsLabel;
:詳情@property (strong, nonatomic, readonly) UIButton *button
: 按鈕(顯示在標題下方)@property (strong, nonatomic, nullable) UIView *customView;
:用戶自定義視圖@property (strong, nonatomic, readonly) MBBackgroundView *backgroundView;
: 整個背景視圖@property (strong, nonatomic, readonly) MBBackgroundView *bezelView;
:提示框背景視圖@property (strong, nonatomic, nullable) UIColor *contentColor UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR;
: 提示框的內容顏色@property (assign, nonatomic) CGPoint offset UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR;
:提示框相對父視圖中心點的偏移量@property (assign, nonatomic) CGFloat margin UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR;
:提示框內的內容視圖的邊距@property (assign, nonatomic) CGSize minSize UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR;
:提示框最小尺寸@property (assign, nonatomic) BOOL removeFromSuperViewOnHide;
:隱藏時從父視圖中刪除@property (assign, nonatomic) NSTimeInterval graceTime;
:延遲多久後顯示提示框,避免快速執行的任務也顯示提示框,給用戶造成視覺干擾。@property (assign, nonatomic) NSTimeInterval minShowTime;
:提示框視圖最少展示的時間
6. 創建和隱藏視圖
- 創建流程
通過+ (instancetype)showHUDAddedTo:(UIView *)view animated:(BOOL)animated
類方法創建視圖,也可以通過對象方法創建,不過建議用類方法,不僅創建方便,而且會自動的添加到父視圖,然後進行顯示。其中,創建過程如下:
- (void)commonInit {
// Set default values for properties
_animationType = MBProgressHUDAnimationFade;
_mode = MBProgressHUDModeIndeterminate;
_margin = 20.0f;
_opacity = 1.f;
_defaultMotionEffectsEnabled = YES;
// Default color, depending on the current iOS version
BOOL isLegacy = kCFCoreFoundationVersionNumber < kCFCoreFoundationVersionNumber_iOS_7_0;
_contentColor = isLegacy ? [UIColor whiteColor] : [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.f alpha:0.7f];
// Transparent background self.opaque = NO;
self.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
// Make it invisible for now self.alpha = 0.0f;
self.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight; self.layer.allowsGroupOpacity = NO;
[self setupViews]; [self updateIndicators];
[self registerForNotifications];
}
我們可以發現,通過添加子空間後,根據視圖模式調用updateIndicators
方法來創建不同的視圖,最後添加了一個狀態欄的通知,用來在橫豎屏時跳轉視圖。其中,在顯示提示框時,會首先判斷graceTime
,如過不為0
,那麼就創建一個定時器倒計時,時間到之後再判斷任務是否結束,如果finished
不為空,就開始顯示提示框。
- (void)showAnimated:(BOOL)animated {
MBMainThreadAssert();
[self.minShowTimer invalidate];
self.useAnimation = animated;
self.finished = NO;
// If the grace time is set, postpone the HUD display
if (self.graceTime > 0.0) {
NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:self.graceTime target:self selector:@selector(handleGraceTimer:) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
self.graceTimer = timer;
}
// ... otherwise show the HUD immediately
else {
[self showUsingAnimation:self.useAnimation];
}
}
- (void)handleGraceTimer:(NSTimer *)theTimer
{
// Show the HUD only if the task is still running
if (!self.hasFinished) {
[self showUsingAnimation:self.useAnimation];
}
}
- 隱藏視圖 通過
+ (BOOL)hideHUDForView:(UIView *)view animated:(BOOL)animated
隱藏視圖,其中會根據minShowTime
來判斷是否立即隱藏提示框。如果,minShowTime
不為0,那麼會創建一個定時器,並把定時器加入到common
模式的runloop
里,等時間到後再把提示框隱藏。
- (void)hideAnimated:(BOOL)animated
{
MBMainThreadAssert();
[self.graceTimer invalidate];
self.useAnimation = animated;
self.finished = YES;
// If the minShow time is set, calculate how long the HUD was shown,
// and postpone the hiding operation if necessary
if (self.minShowTime > 0.0 && self.showStarted) {
NSTimeInterval interv = [[NSDate date] timeIntervalSinceDate:self.showStarted];
if (interv < self.minShowTime) {
NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:(self.minShowTime - interv) target:self selector:@selector(handleMinShowTimer:) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
self.minShowTimer = timer;
return;
}
}
// ... otherwise hide the HUD immediately
[self hideUsingAnimation:self.useAnimation];
}
7. MBRoundProgressView 和 MBBarProgressView
這兩個類,分別創建了 Determinate
和 進度條 的提示框視圖,具體實現方法是在 - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
方法里通過 UIBezierPath
或者 Quarts2D
畫出,設計思想算是常規,請參考代碼細讀。
8. MBProgressHUD應用
對於三方框架,使用之前,最好先封裝一層(繼承或分類),方便以後的調試和新框架替換。封裝時,儘量用類方法,使用時比較簡潔。
- 添加提示框
+ (void)showHUDWithText:(NSString *)text inView:(UIView *)view deley:(NSTimeInterval)time
{
if (text == nil || text.length <= 0) {
return;
}
if (view == nil) {
view = [[UIApplication sharedApplication].windows lastObject];
}
MBProgressHUD *HUD = [MBProgressHUD showHUDAddedTo:view animated:YES];
HUD.mode = MBProgressHUDModeText;
[HUD hideAnimated:YES afterDelay:1.5];
}
- 隱藏提示框 (改方法調用時,最好在主線程,非同步線程可能會出現問題)
+ (void)hideHUDForView:(UIView *)view
{
if (view == nil) view = [[UIApplication sharedApplication].windows lastObject];
[self hideHUDForView:view animated:YES];
}
參考資料
https://github.com/jdg/MBProgressHUD