前言 AutoWrapper是一個簡單可自定義全局異常處理程式和ASP.NET Core API響應的包裝。他使用ASP.NET Core middleware攔截傳入的HTTP請求,並將最後的結果使用統一的格式來自動包裝起來.目的主要是讓我們更多的關註業務特定的代碼要求,並讓包裝器自動處理HTTP ...
前言
AutoWrapper是一個簡單可自定義全局異常處理程式和ASP.NET Core API響應的包裝。他使用ASP.NET Core middleware攔截傳入的HTTP請求,並將最後的結果使用統一的格式來自動包裝起來.目的主要是讓我們更多的關註業務特定的代碼要求,並讓包裝器自動處理HTTP響應。這可以在構建API時加快開發時間,同時為HTTP響應試試我們統一的標準。
安裝
AutoWrapper.Core從NuGet或通過CLI下載並安裝
PM> Install-Package AutoWrapper.Core
在Startup.cs Configure方法中註冊以下內容,但是切記要放在UseRouting前
app.UseApiResponseAndExceptionWrapper();
啟動屬性映射
預設情況下AutoWrapper將在成功請求成功時輸出以下格式:
{
"message": "Request successful.",
"isError": false,
"result": [
{
"id": 7002,
"firstName": "Vianne",
"lastName": "Durano",
"dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00"
}
]
}
如果說不喜歡預設屬性命名方式,那麼我們可以通過AutoWrapperPropertyMap屬性進行映射為我們需要指定的任何名稱。例如我麽可以將result屬性的名稱更改為data。如下所示
public class MapResponseObject
{
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Result)]
public object Data { get; set; }
}
然後將MapResponseObject類傳遞給AutpWrapper middleware
app.UseApiResponseAndExceptionWrapper<MapResponseObject>();
通過映射重新請求後,現在影響格式如下所示
{
"message": "Request successful.",
"isError": false,
"data": {
"id": 7002,
"firstName": "Vianne",
"lastName": "Durano",
"dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00"
}
}
可以從中看出result屬性已經更換為data屬性了
預設情況下AutoWrapper發生異常時將吐出以下響應格式
{
"isError": true,
"responseException": {
"exceptionMessage": "Unhandled Exception occurred. Unable to process the request."
}
}
而且如果在AutoWrapperOptions中設置了IsDebug,則將產生帶有堆棧跟蹤信息的類似信息
{
"isError": true,
"responseException": {
"exceptionMessage": " Input string was not in a correct format.",
"details": " at System.Number.ThrowOverflowOrFormatException(ParsingStatus status, TypeCode type)\r\n at System.Number.ParseInt32(ReadOnlySpan`1 value, NumberStyles styles, NumberFormatInfo info)\r\n …"
}
}
如果想將某些APIError屬性名稱更改為其他名稱,只需要在以下代碼中添加以下映射MapResponseObject
public class MapResponseObject
{
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException)]
public object Error { get; set; }
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ExceptionMessage)]
public string Message { get; set; }
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_Details)]
public string StackTrace { get; set; }
}
通過如下代碼來模擬錯誤
int num = Convert.ToInt32("10s");
現在映射後的輸出如下所示
{
"isError": true,
"error": {
"message": " Input string was not in a correct format.",
"stackTrace": " at System.Number.ThrowOverflowOrFormatException(ParsingStatus status, TypeCode type)\r\n at System.Number.ParseInt32(ReadOnlySpan`1 value, NumberStyles styles, NumberFormatInfo info)\r\n …"
}
}
請註意APIError現在根據MapResponseObject類中定義的屬性更改了模型的預設屬性。
我們可以自由的選擇映射任何屬性,下麵是映射屬性相對應的列表
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Version)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.StatusCode)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Message)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.IsError)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Result)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ExceptionMessage)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_Details)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ReferenceErrorCode)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ReferenceDocumentLink)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ValidationErrors)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ValidationErrors_Field)]
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ValidationErrors_Message)]
自定義錯誤架構
AutoWrapper還提供了一個APIException可用於定義自己的異常的對象,如果想拋出自己的異常消息,則可以簡單地執行以下操作
throw new ApiException("Error blah", 400, "511", "http://blah.com/error/511");
預設輸出格式如下所示
{
"isError": true,
"responseException": {
"exceptionMessage": "Error blah",
"referenceErrorCode": "511",
"referenceDocumentLink": "http://blah.com/error/511"
}
}
當然我們可以自定義錯誤格式
public class MapResponseObject
{
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException)]
public object Error { get; set; }
}
public class Error
{
public string Message { get; set; }
public string Code { get; set; }
public InnerError InnerError { get; set; }
public Error(string message, string code, InnerError inner)
{
this.Message = message;
this.Code = code;
this.InnerError = inner;
}
}
public class InnerError
{
public string RequestId { get; set; }
public string Date { get; set; }
public InnerError(string reqId, string reqDate)
{
this.RequestId = reqId;
this.Date = reqDate;
}
}
然後我們可以通過如下代碼進行引發我們錯誤
throw new ApiException(
new Error("An error blah.", "InvalidRange",
new InnerError("12345678", DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString())
));
輸出格式如下所示
{
"isError": true,
"error": {
"message": "An error blah.",
"code": "InvalidRange",
"innerError": {
"requestId": "12345678",
"date": "10/16/2019"
}
}
}
使用自定義API響應格式
如果映射滿足不了我們的需求。並且我們需要向API響應模型中添加其他屬性,那麼我們現在可以自定義自己的格式類,通過設置UseCustomSchema為true來實現,代碼如下所示
app.UseApiResponseAndExceptionWrapper(new AutoWrapperOptions { UseCustomSchema = true });
現在假設我們想在主API中響應中包含一個屬性SentDate和Pagination對象,我們可能希望將API響應模型定義為以下格式
public class MyCustomApiResponse
{
public int Code { get; set; }
public string Message { get; set; }
public object Payload { get; set; }
public DateTime SentDate { get; set; }
public Pagination Pagination { get; set; }
public MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime sentDate, object payload = null, string message = "", int statusCode = 200, Pagination pagination = null)
{
this.Code = statusCode;
this.Message = message == string.Empty ? "Success" : message;
this.Payload = payload;
this.SentDate = sentDate;
this.Pagination = pagination;
}
public MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime sentDate, object payload = null, Pagination pagination = null)
{
this.Code = 200;
this.Message = "Success";
this.Payload = payload;
this.SentDate = sentDate;
this.Pagination = pagination;
}
public MyCustomApiResponse(object payload)
{
this.Code = 200;
this.Payload = payload;
}
}
public class Pagination
{
public int TotalItemsCount { get; set; }
public int PageSize { get; set; }
public int CurrentPage { get; set; }
public int TotalPages { get; set; }
}
通過如下代碼片段進行測試結果
public async Task<MyCustomApiResponse> Get()
{
var data = await _personManager.GetAllAsync();
return new MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime.UtcNow, data,
new Pagination
{
CurrentPage = 1,
PageSize = 10,
TotalItemsCount = 200,
TotalPages = 20
});
}
運行後會得到如下影響格式
{
"code": 200,
"message": "Success",
"payload": [
{
"id": 1,
"firstName": "Vianne",
"lastName": "Durano",
"dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 2,
"firstName": "Vynn",
"lastName": "Durano",
"dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00"
},
{
"id": 3,
"firstName": "Mitch",
"lastName": "Durano",
"dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00"
}
],
"sentDate": "2019-10-17T02:26:32.5242353Z",
"pagination": {
"totalItemsCount": 200,
"pageSize": 10,
"currentPage": 1,
"totalPages": 20
}
}
但是從這裡要註意一旦我們對API響應進行自定義,那麼就代表我們完全控制了要格式化數據的方式,同時丟失了預設API響應的某些選項配置。但是我們仍然可以利用ApiException()方法引發用戶定義的錯誤消息
如下所示
[Route("{id:long}")]
[HttpPut]
public async Task<MyCustomApiResponse> Put(long id, [FromBody] PersonDTO dto)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
try
{
var person = _mapper.Map<Person>(dto);
person.ID = id;
if (await _personManager.UpdateAsync(person))
return new MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime.UtcNow, true, "Update successful.");
else
throw new ApiException($"Record with id: {id} does not exist.", 400);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.Log(LogLevel.Error, ex, "Error when trying to update with ID:{@ID}", id);
throw;
}
}
else
throw new ApiException(ModelState.AllErrors());
}
現在當進行模型驗證時,可以獲得預設響應格式
{
"isError": true,
"responseException": {
"exceptionMessage": "Request responded with validation error(s). Please correct the specified validation errors and try again.",
"validationErrors": [
{
"field": "FirstName",
"message": "'First Name' must not be empty."
}
]
}
}
Reference
https://github.com/proudmonkey/AutoWrapper