數據結構C線性表現實

linearList.h

#ifndef _INC_STDIO_8787
#define _INC_STDIO_8787
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#define LIST_INIT_SIZE 100    // 線性表存儲空間的初始分配量
#define LIST_INCREMENT 10    // 線性表存儲空間的分配增量

typedef int ElemType;        // 數據元素的類型

typedef struct {
    ElemType *elem;    // 存儲空間的集地址
    int length;        // 當前線性表的長度
    int listsize;    // 當前分配的存儲容量
} LinearList;

int init_list(LinearList *list);    //初始化線性表

void clear_list(LinearList *list);

void destroy_list(LinearList* list);

int list_empty(LinearList* list);

int list_length(LinearList* list);

void print_list(LinearList* list);

int locate_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* x);

int prior_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* cur_elem, ElemType* pre_elem);

int get_elem(LinearList* list, int index, ElemType* e);

int next_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* cur_elem, ElemType* next_elem);

int insert_elem(LinearList* list, int index, ElemType* e);

int delete_elem(LinearList* list, int index, ElemType* e);

int append_elem(LinearList* list,ElemType* e);

int pop_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* e);

void union_list(LinearList* list_a, LinearList* list_b, LinearList* list_c);

void intersect_list(LinearList* list_a, LinearList* list_b, LinearList* list_c);

void except_list(LinearList* list_a,LinearList* list_b, LinearList* list_c);
#endif

linearList.c

#include "linearList.h"

int init_list(LinearList *list)
{
    list->elem = (ElemType *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE*sizeof(ElemType));
    if (!list->elem)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    list->length = 0;
    list->listsize = LIST_INIT_SIZE;
    return 0;
}

void clear_list(LinearList *list)
{
    list->length = 0;
}

void destroy_list(LinearList* list)
{
    free(list);
}

int list_empty(LinearList* list)
{
    return (list->length == 0);
}

int list_length(LinearList* list)
{
    return list->length;
}

int locate_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* x)
{
    int pos = -1;
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < list->length; i++)
    {
        if (list->elem[i] == *x)
        {
            pos = i;
        }
    }
    return pos;
}

int prior_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* cur_elem, ElemType* pre_elem)
{
    int pos = -1;
    pos = locate_elem(list, cur_elem);
    if(pos <= 0) 
    {
        return -1;
    }
    *pre_elem = list->elem[pos-1];
    return 0;
}

int insert_elem(LinearList* list, int index, ElemType* e)
{
    ElemType *q, *p;
    if (index < 0 || index >= list->length)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    if (list->length >= list->listsize)
    {
        ElemType *newbase = (ElemType*)realloc(list->elem, (list->listsize + LIST_INCREMENT)*sizeof(ElemType));
        if (!newbase)
        {
            return -1;
        }
        list->elem = newbase;
        list->listsize += LIST_INCREMENT;
    }
    q = &(list->elem[index]);
    for (p = &(list->elem[list->length-1]); p >= q; p--)
    {
        *(p+1) = *p;
    }
    *q = *e;
    ++list->length;
    return 0;
}

int append_elem(LinearList* list,ElemType* e)
{
    if (list->length >= list->listsize)
    {
        ElemType *newbase = (ElemType*)realloc(list->elem, (list->listsize + LIST_INCREMENT)*sizeof(int));
        if (!newbase)
        {
            return -1;
        }
        list->elem = newbase;
        list->listsize += LIST_INCREMENT;
    }
    list->elem[list->length] = *e;
    ++list->length;
    return 0;
}

void print_list(LinearList* list){
    int i;
    for (i=0; i < list->length; i++){
        printf("%d \n", list->elem[i]);
    }
}

int get_elem(LinearList* list, int index, ElemType* e){
    if (index<0 || index >= list->length) return -1;
    *e = list->elem[index];
    return 0;
}

int next_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* cur_elem, ElemType* next_elem){
    int pos = -1;
    pos = locate_elem(list, cur_elem);
    if(pos == -1 || pos == (list->length - 1)) return -1;
    *next_elem = list->elem[pos+1];
    return 0;
}

int delete_elem(LinearList* list, int index, ElemType* e)
{
    ElemType *q, *p;
    if (index < 0 || index >= list->length)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    p = &(list->elem[index]);
    *e = *p;
    q = list->elem + list->length -1;
    for (++p; p < q; ++p)
    {
        *(p - 1) = *p;
    }
    --list->length;
    return 0;
}

int pop_elem(LinearList* list, ElemType* e){
    if (list_empty(list)) return -1;
    *e = list->elem[list->length - 1];
    --list->length;
    return 0;
}

void union_list(LinearList* list_a, LinearList* list_b, LinearList* list_c){ //並集,C=A∪B
    int i,a_length,b_length;
    ElemType elem;
    a_length = list_length(list_a);
    b_length = list_length(list_b);
    for(i=0;i<a_length;i++){
        get_elem(list_a, i, &elem);
        append_elem(list_c,&elem);
    }   
    for(i=0;i<b_length;i++){
        get_elem(list_b, i, &elem);
        if(locate_elem(list_a, &elem) == -1){
            append_elem(list_c,&elem);
        }
    }
}

void intersect_list(LinearList* list_a, LinearList* list_b, LinearList* list_c){ //交集,C=A∩B
    int i,a_length;
    ElemType elem;
    a_length = list_length(list_a);
    for(i=0;i<a_length;i++){
        get_elem(list_a, i, &elem);
        if(locate_elem(list_b, &elem) != -1){
            append_elem(list_c,&elem);
        }
    }
}

void except_list(LinearList* list_a,LinearList* list_b, LinearList* list_c){ //差集,C=A-B(屬於A而不屬於B)
    int i,a_length;
    ElemType elem;
    a_length = list_length(list_a);
    for(i=0;i<a_length;i++){
        get_elem(list_a, i, &elem);
        if(locate_elem(list_b, &elem) == -1){
            append_elem(list_c,&elem);
        }
    }
}

index.c

#include "linearList.h"
void main() {
    int i;
    ElemType elem;
    LinearList *list_a = (LinearList *)malloc(sizeof(LinearList));
    LinearList *list_b = (LinearList *)malloc(sizeof(LinearList));
    LinearList *list_c = (LinearList *)malloc(sizeof(LinearList));
    init_list(list_a);
    init_list(list_b);
    init_list(list_c);
    
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++){
        append_elem(list_a,&i);
    }
    
    for (i = 0; i < 20; i+=2){
        append_elem(list_b,&i);
    }   
    print_list(list_a);
    print_list(list_b);
    
    pop_elem(list_a, &elem);
    print_list(list_a);
    printf("pop: %d \n",elem);
    
    delete_elem(list_a, 2, &elem);
    print_list(list_a);
    printf("delete: %d \n",elem);
    
    insert_elem(list_a, 2, &elem);
    printf("insert: %d \n",elem);
    print_list(list_a);
    
    get_elem(list_a, 5, &elem);
    printf("get elem at 5: %d \n",elem);
    
    printf("locate : elem %d at %d \n",elem,locate_elem(list_a,&elem));
    
    printf("list_a length : %d \n",list_length(list_a));
    
    print_list(list_a);
    print_list(list_b);
    
    union_list(list_a,list_b,list_c);
    print_list(list_c);
    clear_list(list_c);
    
    intersect_list(list_a,list_b,list_c);
    print_list(list_c);
    clear_list(list_c);
    
    except_list(list_a,list_b,list_c);
    print_list(list_c);
    
    destroy_list(list_a);
    destroy_list(list_b);
    destroy_list(list_c);
}