在進行地圖開發過程中,一般能接觸到以下三種類型的地圖坐標系: 1.WGS-84原始坐標系,一般用國際GPS紀錄儀記錄下來的經緯度,通過GPS定位拿到的原始經緯度,Google和高德地圖定位的的經緯度(國外)都是基於WGS-84坐標系的;但是在國內是不允許直接用WGS84坐標系標註的,必須經過加密後才 ...
在進行地圖開發過程中,一般能接觸到以下三種類型的地圖坐標系:
1.WGS-84原始坐標系,一般用國際GPS紀錄儀記錄下來的經緯度,通過GPS定位拿到的原始經緯度,Google和高德地圖定位的的經緯度(國外)都是基於WGS-84坐標系的;但是在國內是不允許直接用WGS84坐標系標註的,必須經過加密後才能使用;
2.GCJ-02坐標系,又名“火星坐標系”,是我國國測局獨創的坐標體系,由WGS-84加密而成,在國內,必須至少使用GCJ-02坐標系,或者使用在GCJ-02加密後再進行加密的坐標系,如百度坐標系。高德和Google在國內都是使用GCJ-02坐標系,可以說,GCJ-02是國內最廣泛使用的坐標系;
3.百度坐標系:bd-09,百度坐標系是在GCJ-02坐標系的基礎上再次加密偏移後形成的坐標系,只適用於百度地圖。(目前百度API提供了從其它坐標系轉換為百度坐標系的API,但卻沒有從百度坐標系轉為其他坐標系的API)
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace Extensions { public class GpsExtension { public static double pi = 3.1415926535897932384626; public static double x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0; public static double a = 6378245.0; public static double ee = 0.00669342162296594323; public static double transformLat(double x, double y) { double ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(x)); ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(y * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(y / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; ret += (160.0 * Math.Sin(y / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * Math.Sin(y * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0; return ret; } public static double transformLon(double x, double y) { double ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(x)); ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(x * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(x / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; ret += (150.0 * Math.Sin(x / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * Math.Sin(x / 30.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; return ret; } public static double[] transform(double lat, double lon) { if (outOfChina(lat, lon)) { return new double[] { lat, lon }; } double dLat = transformLat(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0); double dLon = transformLon(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0); double radLat = lat / 180.0 * pi; double magic = Math.Sin(radLat); magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic; double sqrtMagic = Math.Sqrt(magic); dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi); dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.Cos(radLat) * pi); double mgLat = lat + dLat; double mgLon = lon + dLon; return new double[] { mgLat, mgLon }; } public static bool outOfChina(double lat, double lon) { if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347) return true; if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271) return true; return false; } /** * 84 to 火星坐標系 (GCJ-02) World Geodetic System ==> Mars Geodetic System * * @param lat * @param lon * @return */ public static double[] gps84_To_Gcj02(double lat, double lon) { if (outOfChina(lat, lon)) { return new double[] { lat, lon }; } double dLat = transformLat(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0); double dLon = transformLon(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0); double radLat = lat / 180.0 * pi; double magic = Math.Sin(radLat); magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic; double sqrtMagic = Math.Sqrt(magic); dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi); dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.Cos(radLat) * pi); double mgLat = lat + dLat; double mgLon = lon + dLon; return new double[] { mgLat, mgLon }; } /// <summary> /// 火星坐標系 (GCJ-02) to 84 * * @param lon * @param lat * @return /// </summary> /// <param name="lat"></param> /// <param name="lon"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static double[] gcj02_To_Gps84(double lat, double lon) { double[] gps = transform(lat, lon); double lontitude = lon * 2 - gps[1]; double latitude = lat * 2 - gps[0]; return new double[] { latitude, lontitude }; } /** * 火星坐標系 (GCJ-02) 與百度坐標系 (BD-09) 的轉換演算法 將 GCJ-02 坐標轉換成 BD-09 坐標 * * @param lat * @param lon */ public static double[] gcj02_To_Bd09(double lat, double lon) { double x = lon, y = lat; double z = Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.Sin(y * x_pi); double theta = Math.Atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.Cos(x * x_pi); double tempLon = z * Math.Cos(theta) + 0.0065; double tempLat = z * Math.Sin(theta) + 0.006; double[] gps = { tempLat, tempLon }; return gps; } /** * * 火星坐標系 (GCJ-02) 與百度坐標系 (BD-09) 的轉換演算法 * * 將 BD-09 坐標轉換成GCJ-02 坐標 * * @param * bd_lat * @param bd_lon * @return */ public static double[] bd09_To_Gcj02(double lat, double lon) { double x = lon - 0.0065, y = lat - 0.006; double z = Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * Math.Sin(y * x_pi); double theta = Math.Atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * Math.Cos(x * x_pi); double tempLon = z * Math.Cos(theta); double tempLat = z * Math.Sin(theta); double[] gps = { tempLat, tempLon }; return gps; } /**將gps84轉為bd09 * @param lat * @param lon * @return */ public static double[] gps84_To_bd09(double lat, double lon) { double[] gcj02 = gps84_To_Gcj02(lat, lon); double[] bd09 = gcj02_To_Bd09(gcj02[0], gcj02[1]); return bd09; } public static double[] bd09_To_gps84(double lat, double lon) { double[] gcj02 = bd09_To_Gcj02(lat, lon); double[] gps84 = gcj02_To_Gps84(gcj02[0], gcj02[1]); //保留小數點後六位 gps84[0] = retain6(gps84[0]); gps84[1] = retain6(gps84[1]); return gps84; } /**保留小數點後六位 * @param num * @return */ private static double retain6(double num) { String result = String.Format("%.6f", num); return Convert.ToDouble(result); } } }