我們只要用到資料庫,一般會遇到資料庫運維方面的事情,需要我們尋找原因,有很多是關乎處理器(CPU)、記憶體(Memory)、磁碟(Disk)以及操作系統的,這時我們就需要查詢他們的一些設置和內容,下麵講的就是如何查詢它們的相關信息。1、(1)獲取資料庫伺服器CPU核數等信息(只適用於SQL 2005以 ...
我們只要用到資料庫,一般會遇到資料庫運維方面的事情,需要我們尋找原因,有很多是關乎處理器(CPU)、記憶體(Memory)、磁碟(Disk)以及操作系統的,這時我們就需要查詢他們的一些設置和內容,
下麵講的就是如何查詢它們的相關信息。
1、(1)獲取資料庫伺服器CPU核數等信息(只適用於SQL 2005以及以上版本資料庫)
/*************************************************************************************
--cpu_count :指定系統中的邏輯 CPU 數
--hyperthread_ratio :指定一個物理處理器包公開的邏輯內核數與物理內核數的比.虛擬機
-- 中可以表示每個虛擬插槽的核數。虛擬中[Physical CPU Count]其實
-- 表示虛擬插槽數
*************************************************************************************/
SELECT s.cpu_count AS [Loggic CPU Count]
,s.hyperthread_ratio AS [Hyperthread Ratio]
,s.cpu_count/s.hyperthread_ratio AS [Physical CPU Count]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info s OPTION (RECOMPILE)
(2) 獲取資料庫伺服器CPU核數(適用於所有版本
CREATE TABLE #TempTable
(
[Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,
[Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,
[Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,
[Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)
);
INSERT INTO #TempTable
EXEC xp_msver;
SELECT Internal_Value AS VirtualCPUCount
FROM #TempTable
WHERE Name = 'ProcessorCount';
DROP TABLE #TempTable;
GO
2:在老外博客中看到一個計算CPU相關信息的SQL,不過虛擬機計算有點小問題
DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (
[idx] [int] NULL
,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL
,[int_val] [float] NULL
,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL
)
INSERT INTO @xp_msver
EXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;
WITH [ProcessorInfo]
AS (
SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]
,CASE
WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count
THEN cpu_count
ELSE (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))
END AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]
,CASE
WHEN hyperthread_ratio = cpu_count
THEN cpu_count
ELSE ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) * (([cpu_count] - [hyperthread_ratio]) / ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]))
END AS [total_number_of_cores]
,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]
,(
SELECT [c_val]
FROM @xp_msver
WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'
) AS [cpu_category]
FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]
)
SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]
,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]
,[total_number_of_cores]
,[number_of_virtual_cpus]
,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]
FROM [ProcessorInfo]
---查看虛擬機CPU信息
DECLARE @xp_msver TABLE (
[idx] [int] NULL
,[c_name] [varchar](100) NULL
,[int_val] [float] NULL
,[c_val] [varchar](128) NULL
)
INSERT INTO @xp_msver
EXEC ('[master]..[xp_msver]');;
WITH [ProcessorInfo]
AS (
SELECT ([cpu_count] / [hyperthread_ratio]) AS [number_of_physical_cpus]
,[hyperthread_ratio] AS [number_of_cores_per_cpu]
,[cpu_count] AS [total_number_of_cores]
,[cpu_count] AS [number_of_virtual_cpus]
,(
SELECT [c_val]
FROM @xp_msver
WHERE [c_name] = 'Platform'
) AS [cpu_category]
FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info]
)
SELECT [number_of_physical_cpus]
,[number_of_cores_per_cpu]
,[total_number_of_cores]
,[number_of_virtual_cpus]
,LTRIM(RIGHT([cpu_category], CHARINDEX('x', [cpu_category]) - 1)) AS [cpu_category]
FROM [ProcessorInfo]
二:查看資料庫伺服器記憶體的信息
能否通過SQL語句獲取伺服器的物理記憶體大小?記憶體條型號?虛擬記憶體大小?記憶體使用情況?
目前我所知道的只能通過SQL語句獲取伺服器物理記憶體大小,記憶體的使用情況。 至於記憶體條型號,
系統虛擬記憶體大小,暫時好像還無法通過SQL語句獲取。
查看伺服器的物理記憶體情況
如下所示,從sys.dm_os_sys_info裡面獲取的physical_memory_in_bytes 或physical_memory_kb 的值總是低於實際物理記憶體。
暫時不清楚具體原因(還未查到相關資料),所以計算大小有出入,要獲取實際的物理記憶體,就必須藉助CEILING函數。
1、(1)適用於SQL Server 2008以及以上的版本:查看物理記憶體大小,已經使用的物理記憶體以及還剩下的物理記憶體。
SELECT CEILING(total_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]
,CAST(available_physical_memory_kb * 1.0 / 1024 / 1024
AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [Unused Physical Memory]
,CAST(( total_physical_memory_kb - available_physical_memory_kb ) * 1.0
/ 1024 / 1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [Used Physical Memory]
,CAST(system_cache_kb*1.0 / 1024/1024 AS DECIMAL(8, 4)) AS [System Cache Size]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_memory
(2)獲取資料庫伺服器物理記憶體數(適用於所有版本)
CREATE TABLE #TempTable
(
[Index] VARCHAR(2000) ,
[Name] VARCHAR(2000) ,
[Internal_Value] VARCHAR(2000) ,
[Character_Value] VARCHAR(2000)
);
INSERT INTO #TempTable
EXEC xp_msver;
SELECT Internal_Value/1024 AS PhysicalMemory
FROM #TempTable
WHERE Name = 'PhysicalMemory';
DROP TABLE #TempTable;
GO
(3)適用於SQL Server 2012 到 SQL Server 2014
SELECT CEILING(physical_memory_kb*1.0/1024/1024) AS [Physical Memory Size]
FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info OPTION (RECOMPILE);
三:查看資料庫伺服器硬碟的信息
如下所示,我們可以通過下麵腳本獲取伺服器的各個磁碟的使用情況。但是無法獲取磁碟的型號、轉速之類的信息。
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @Result INT;
DECLARE @objectInfo INT;
DECLARE @DriveInfo CHAR(1);
DECLARE @TotalSize VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE @OutDrive INT;
DECLARE @UnitMB BIGINT;
DECLARE @FreeRat FLOAT;
SET @UnitMB = 1048576;
--創建臨時表保存伺服器磁碟容量信息
CREATE TABLE #DiskCapacity
(
[DiskCD] CHAR(1) ,
FreeSize INT ,
TotalSize INT
);
INSERT #DiskCapacity([DiskCD], FreeSize )
EXEC master.dbo.xp_fixeddrives;
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 1;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC @Result = master.sys.sp_OACreate 'Scripting.FileSystemObject',@objectInfo OUT;
DECLARE CR_DiskInfo CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD
FOR
SELECT DiskCD FROM #DiskCapacity
ORDER by DiskCD
OPEN CR_DiskInfo;
FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
EXEC @Result = sp_OAMethod @objectInfo,'GetDrive', @OutDrive OUT, @DriveInfo
EXEC @Result = sp_OAGetProperty @OutDrive,'TotalSize', @TotalSize OUT
UPDATE #DiskCapacity
SET TotalSize=@TotalSize/@UnitMB
WHERE DiskCD=@DriveInfo
FETCH NEXT FROM CR_DiskInfo INTO @DriveInfo
END
CLOSE CR_DiskInfo
DEALLOCATE CR_DiskInfo;
EXEC @Result=sp_OADestroy @objectInfo
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC sp_configure 'Ole Automation Procedures', 0;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;
SELECT DiskCD AS [Drive CD] ,
STR(TotalSize*1.0/1024,6,2) AS [Total Size(GB)] ,
STR((TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/1024,6,2) AS [Used Space(GB)] ,
STR(FreeSize*1.0/1024,6,2) AS [Free Space(GB)] ,
STR(( TotalSize - FreeSize)*1.0/(TotalSize)* 100.0,6,2) AS [Used Rate(%)] ,
STR(( FreeSize * 1.0/ ( TotalSize ) ) * 100.0,6,2) AS [Free Rate(%)]
FROM #DiskCapacity;
DROP TABLE #DiskCapacity
四:查看操作系統信息
通過下麵SQL語句,我們可以查看操作系統版本、補丁、語言等信息
--創建臨時表保存語言版本信息
CREATE TABLE #Language
(
[LanguageDtl] NVARCHAR(64) ,
[os_language_version] INT
);
INSERT INTO #Language
SELECT 'English - United States' ,1033 UNION ALL
SELECT 'English - United Kingdom' ,2057 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - People''s Republic of China',2052 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Singapore' ,4100 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Taiwan' ,1028 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Hong Kong SAR' ,3076 UNION ALL
SELECT 'Chinese - Macao SAR' ,5124;
WITH SystemVersion(SystemInfo,ReleaseNo)
AS
(
SELECT 'Windows 10' ,
'10.0*'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview' ,
'10.0*'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows 8.1' ,
'6.3*'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2012 R2' ,
'6.3'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows 8' ,
'6.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2012' ,
'6.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows 7' ,
'6.1'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2008 R2' ,
'6.1'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2008' ,
'6.0'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Vista' ,
'6.0'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2003 R2' ,
'5.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows Server 2003' ,
'5.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows XP 64-Bit Edition' ,
'5.2'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows XP' ,
'5.1'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Windows 2000' ,
'5.0'
)
SELECT s.SystemInfo
,w.windows_service_pack_level
,l.LanguageDtl
FROM sys.dm_os_windows_info w
INNER JOIN SystemVersion s ON w.windows_release=s.ReleaseNo
INNER JOIN #Language l ON l.os_language_version = w.os_language_version;
DROP TABLE #Language
註意:
1:如上所示,臨時表#Language的數據此處只列了幾條常用的數據,如需全部數據,參考https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/goglobal/bb964664.aspx自行補充。
2:操作系統的版本信息的數據來源於https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/library/ms724832(VS.85).aspx
有可能出現不同操作系統具有相同Version number值,例如Windows 7 和Windows Server 2008 R2的Version numberd都為6.1。導致下麵查詢結果出現多條記錄(如下所示)。一般要酌情判斷(如果生產伺服器都為Windows伺服器,可以剔除Windows XP、Windows 7這類數據)。
使用SQL語句獲得伺服器名稱和IP地址 獲取伺服器名稱:
SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName')
select @@SERVERNAME
select HOST_NAME()
獲取IP地址可以使用xp_cmdshell執行ipconfig命令;
--開啟xp_cmdshell
exec sp_configure'show advanced options', 1
reconfigure with override
exec sp_configure'xp_cmdshell', 1
reconfigure with override
exec sp_configure'show advanced options', 0
reconfigure with override
go
begin
declare @ipline varchar(200)
declare @pos int
declare @ip varchar(40)
set nocount on
set @ip = null
if object_id('tempdb..#temp') is not null drop table #temp
create table #temp(ipline varchar(200))
insert #temp exec master..xp_cmdshell'ipconfig'
select @ipline = ipline
from #temp
where upper(ipline) like '%IPv4 地址%'--這裡需要註意一下,系統不同這裡的匹配值就不同
if @ipline is not null
begin
set @pos = charindex(':',@ipline,1);
set @ip = rtrim(ltrim(substring(@ipline ,
@pos + 1 ,
len(@ipline) - @pos)))
end
select distinct(rtrim(ltrim(substring(@ipline ,
@pos + 1 ,
len(@ipline) - @pos)))) as ipaddress from #temp
drop table #temp
set nocount off
end
go
但是很多情況下由於安全問題是不允許使用xp_cmdshell,可以通過查詢SYS.DM_EXEC_CONNECTIONS :
SELECT SERVERNAME = CONVERT(NVARCHAR(128),SERVERPROPERTY('SERVERNAME'))
,LOCAL_NET_ADDRESS AS 'IPAddressOfSQLServer'
,CLIENT_NET_ADDRESS AS 'ClientIPAddress'
FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_CONNECTIONS WHERE SESSION_ID = @@SPID
-------------------------------
上面是通過sql語句查詢,可以通過(這裡是2014版)點擊資料庫-屬性--可以看到很多信息,但是看不到物理記憶體和虛擬記憶體,一般在屬性-記憶體-最大記憶體設置:物理記憶體的80%
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