Python3練習

Hello Python3

  1 print("Hello Python!")
  2 #print("Hello, Python!");
  3 '''a=1
  4 b=2
  5 c=a+b
  6 print(c)
  7 '''
  8 
  9 #列表：存儲多個元素的東西，列表裡面的元素是可以重新賦值的
 10 a=[1,"a"]
 11 a[0]=2
 12 #元組：存儲多個元素的東西，元組裡面的元素不可用重新賦值
 13 b=(1,"b")
 14 #字典
 15 #{key1:value1, key2:value}
 16 #集合
 17 #去重
 18 
 19 #if語句
 20 a=10
 21 b=1
 22 if(a > 9):
 23     print(a)
 24     if(b < 9):
 25         print(b)
 26 
 27 age=18
 28 if(age <= 10):
 29     print("兒童")
 30 elif(age > 10 and age <= 20):
 31     print("青少年")
 32 elif(age > 20):
 33     print("青年")
 34 else:
 35     print("小伙子")
 36 
 37 #while語句
 38 a=0
 39 while(a<10):
 40     print("hello")
 41     a += 1
 42 
 43 #for語句：遍歷列表
 44 a=["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"]
 45 for i in a:
 46     print(i)
 47 #for語句：常規迴圈
 48 for i in range(0, 10):
 49     print(i)
 50 for i in range(0, 10):
 51     print("AAA")
 52 #中斷退出：continue，break
 53 for i in a:
 54     if(i=="cc"):
 55         break
 56     print(i)
 57 for i in a:
 58     if(i=="cc"):
 59         continue
 60     print(i)
 61 #乘法口訣
 62 #end=""表示不換行輸出
 63 for i in range(1, 10):
 64     for j in range(1, i+1):
 65         print(str(i) + "*" + str(j) + "=" + str(i*j), end=" ")
 66     print()
 67 print("-----------------------")
 68 for i in range(9, 0, -1):
 69     for j in range(1, i+1):
 70         print(str(i) + "*" + str(j) + "=" + str(i*j), end=" ")
 71     print()
 72 
 73 '''
 74 #作用域
 75 i=10
 76 def func():
 77     j=20
 78     print(j)
 79 print(j)
 80 '''
 81 
 82 #函數
 83 #函數定義格式：
 84 #def 函數名(參數):
 85 #   函數體
 86 
 87 def abc():
 88     print("abcdef")
 89 #調用函數：函數名(參數)
 90 abc()
 91 
 92 def func2(a, b):
 93     if(a > b):
 94         print("a>b")
 95     else:
 96         print("a<=b")
 97 func2(1,2)
 98 func2(5,4)
 99 
100 #模塊導入
101 import cgi
102 cgi.closelog()
103 from cgi import closelog
104 
105 #文件操作
106 #打開  open(文件路徑, 操作形式)
107 '''
108 w:寫
109 r:讀
110 b:二進位
111 a:追加
112 '''
113 file = open("D:/python/1.txt", "r")
114 data=file.read()
115 print(data)
116 data=file.readline()
117 print(data)
118 file.close()
119 #文件寫入
120 data2="一起學python"
121 file2=open("D:/python/2.txt", "w")
122 file2.write(data2)
123 file2.close()
124 data2="Java"
125 file2=open("D:/python/2.txt", "a+")
126 file2.write(data2)
127 file2.close()
128 
129 #異常處理
130 try:
131     a = 1 / 0
132 except Exception as ex:
133     print(ex)
134 
135 #類
136 class User:
137     def __init__(self):
138         print("無參構造函數")
139 a=User()
140 
141 class Person:
142     def __init__(self, name, age):
143         print("帶參數的構造函數，name=" + name + ", age=" + age)
144 c1=Person("zhangsan", str(20))
145 c2=Person("lisi", str(22))
146 
147 class Rabbit:
148     def __init__(self, name, color):
149         self.name = name
150         self.color = color
151     def func1(self):
152         print("aaa");
153     def func2(self, age):
154         print("這個兔子已經" + str(age) + "歲了")
155     def toString(self):
156         print("Rabbit [name=" + self.name + ", color=" + self.color + "]")
157 r1 = Rabbit("流氓兔", "白色")
158 r1.func1()
159 r1.func2(3)
160 r1.toString()
161 
162 #繼承
163 class Father():
164     def write(self):
165         print("寫作")
166 class Son(Father):
167     pass
168 class Mother():
169     def draw(self):
170         print("畫畫")
171     def makeDinner(self):
172         print("做飯")
173 class Daughter(Father, Mother):
174     def draw(self):
175         print("素描")
176 son = Son()
177 son.write()
178 daughter = Daughter()
179 daughter.write()
180 daughter.draw()
181 daughter.makeDinner()
182         
183 
184 print("Hello\n" * 3)
185 
186 #str是關鍵字是函數名不能隨便用
187 tmp = input("請輸入一個數字：")
188 print(tmp)
189 
190 #遞歸
191 def factorial(n):
192     if(n == 1):
193         return 1
194     else:
195         return n * factorial(n-1)
196 number = int(input("請輸入一個正整數："))
197 result = factorial(number)
198 print("%d的階乘是%d"%(number, result))
199 
200 
201 def fab(n):
202     if(n == 1 or n == 2):
203         return 1
204     else:
205         return fab(n-1) + fab(n-2)
206 number = int(input("請輸入一個正整數："))
207 result = fab(number)
208 print("總共" + str(result) + "對兔子")

數據類型以及傳參

  1 # 數據類型
  2 num = 123
  3 print(type(num))
  4 f = 2.0
  5 f = 5.0 / 2
  6 print(f)
  7 str1 = 'hello world'
  8 print(str1)
  9 str2 = "hello world"
 10 print(str2)
 11 str3 = "hello \"world\""
 12 str4 = "hello 'world'"
 13 print(str3)
 14 print(str4)
 15 str5 = "Jack: \nI love you"
 16 print(str5)
 17 mail = """
 18 Rose:
 19     I'am Jack
 20     goodbye
 21 """
 22 print(mail)
 23 str6 = "abcdef"
 24 print(str6[0])
 25 print(str6[1])
 26 print(str6[0] + str6[1])
 27 print(str6[1:4])
 28 print(str6[4:])
 29 print(str6[:4])
 30 print(str6[2:])
 31 print(str6[::2])
 32 print(str6[-1])
 33 print(str6[-4:-1])
 34 str7 = "1234"
 35 print(id(str7))
 36 str7 = "1234"
 37 print(id(str7))
 38 
 39 # 元組
 40 t = ("Jack", 19, "male")
 41 print(t)
 42 print(t[0])
 43 print(type(t))
 44 t2 = (3,)
 45 print(type(t2))
 46 print(len(t2))
 47 print(len(str6))
 48 a,b,c=(1,2,3)
 49 print(a)
 50 print(b)
 51 print(c)
 52 a,b,c=t
 53 print(a)
 54 print(b)
 55 print(c)
 56 
 57 # 列表
 58 list1 = ["jack", 21, True, [1,2,3]]
 59 print(list1[0])
 60 print(type(list1))
 61 print(list1[3])
 62 print(len(list1))
 63 list1[0]="rose"
 64 list1[1]="jerry"
 65 print(list1)
 66 list1.append(3)
 67 print(list1)
 68 list1.remove(3)
 69 del(list1[2])
 70 print(list1)
 71 list2 = [1,2,3]
 72 list2.append(4)
 73 
 74 # 查看幫助
 75 help(list)
 76 help(list.remove)
 77 help(len)
 78 
 79 # 字典
 80 dict1 = {"name":"jack", "age":25, "gender":"male"}
 81 print(dict1["name"])
 82 print(dict1.keys())
 83 print(dict1.values())
 84 dict1["phone"] = "13712345678"
 85 dict1["phone"] = "15923423455"
 86 print(dict1)
 87 del dict1["phone"]
 88 print(dict1)
 89 print(dict1.pop("age"))
 90 
 91 # 條件語句
 92 if 1 < 2:
 93     print(1234)
 94 if(2 > 1):
 95     print("hhh")
 96 if(True):
 97     print("ok")
 98 if(1+1):
 99     print("yes")
100 
101 
102 # for迴圈
103 print(range(1,10))
104 print(range(1, 10, 2))
105 print(range(5))
106 arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
107 for i in arr:
108     print(i)
109 for i in range(len(arr)):
110     print(arr[i])
111 num = 0
112 for i in range(101):
113     num += i
114 print(num)
115 
116 for i in range(3):
117     print(i)
118 else:
119     print("finish")
120 
121 # 遍歷字典
122 d = {1:111, 2:222, 3:333}
123 for x in d:
124     print(d[x])
125 for k,v in d.items():
126     print(k)
127     print(v)
128 d2 = {"name":"zhangsan", "age":20}
129 for k,v in d2.items():
130     print(k)
131     print(v)
132 
133 # 函數
134 def func():
135     print("123")
136 func()
137 
138 def func2(x, y):
139     print(x)
140     print(y)
141 func2(3,4)
142 
143 # 參數的預設值
144 def func3(x=5,y=6):
145     print("x=" + str(x) + ", y=" + str(y))
146 func3()
147 func3(7,8)
148 
149 def func4(x, y=9):
150     print("x=" + str(x) + ", y=" + str(y))
151 func4(10)
152 func4(11, 12)
153 
154 def func5():
155     x = input("Please Enter A Number: ")
156     print(x)
157 func5()
158 
159 
160 def func6():
161     global a
162     a = "good"
163 func6()
164 print(a)
165 
166 # 傳參：元組
167 # 傳元組
168 def f(x,y):
169     print("x=%s, y=%s" % (x,y))
170 f(1,2)
171 f(*(3,4))
172 t = ("Tom", "Jerry")
173 f(*t)
174 
175 def f1(x, y):
176     print("x=%s, y=%s" % (x, y))
177 t = (20, "Jack")
178 f1(*t)
179 
180 # 傳字典
181 def f2(name, code, age):
182     print("name=%s, code=%s, age=%s" % (name, code, age))
183 d = {"name": "zhangsan", "code": "10001", "age": 22}
184 f2(**d)
185 d["age"] = 28
186 f2(**d)
187 f2(d["name"], d["code"], d["age"])
188 
189 # 參數冗餘
190 # 多餘的實參
191 def f3(x, *args):
192     print(x)
193     print(args)
194 f3(1)
195 f3(1,2)
196 f3(1,2,3,4)
197 def f4(x, *args, **kwargs):
198     print(x)
199     print(args)
200     print(kwargs)
201 f4(1)
202 f4(1, 2)
203 f4(1, 2, 3)
204 f4(1, y=3, z=4)
205 f4(1, **d)
206 f4(1, 2, 3, 4, y=6, z=7, xy=8)
207 
208 # lambda表達式
209 f6 = lambda x,y:x*y
210 print(f6(3, 4))
211 
212     

內置函數

 1 # Python內置函數
 2 print(abs(2))
 3 print(abs(-2))
 4 r = range(11)
 5 print(max(r))
 6 print(min(r))
 7 print(max([3,2,1,9]))
 8 print(len(r))
 9 print(divmod(5,3))
10 print(pow(2,10))
11 print(round(2.5))
12 print(type(r))
13 a = "1234"
14 print(int(a))
15 b = 99
16 print(str(b))
17 print(hex(b))
18 print(list([1,2,3,4]))
19 
20 # 字元串函數
21 # str.capitalize()  首字母大寫
22 # str.replace()     字元替換
23 # str.split()       分割
24 help(str.capitalize)
25 help(str.replace)
26 help(str.split)
27 s = "hello"
28 print(s.capitalize())
29 y = "123123123123"
30 print(y.replace("12", "AB"))
31 print(y.replace("12", "AB", 1))
32 print(y.replace("12", "AB", 2))
33 ip = "192.168.12.93"
34 print(ip.split("."))
35 print(ip.split(".