1、引言 點陣圖是使用位(bit)數組來對數據進行統計,排序和去重,其結構圖如下: 其中點陣圖的索引映射需要存儲的值,點陣圖索引所在位置的值表示索引對應的值是否已經存儲。 2、介面 3、實現 定義靜態byte數組常量,用於快速檢驗點陣圖上索引對應的值: 聲明欄位: 其中size為點陣圖的大小;當點陣圖的size ...
1、引言
點陣圖是使用位(bit)數組來對數據進行統計,排序和去重,其結構圖如下:
其中點陣圖的索引映射需要存儲的值,點陣圖索引所在位置的值表示索引對應的值是否已經存儲。
2、介面
1 public interface ByteMap { 2 3 /* get the value in the index of byte map 4 * @param index the index in byte map to get 5 * @return 1 or 0 base the value in the index of byte map 6 */ 7 int getByte(int index); 8 9 /* set the value in the index of byte map 10 * @param index the index in byte map to set 11 * @param flag the value setted in the index of byte map 12 */ 13 void setByte(int index, int flag); 14 15 /* set the value in byte map from start to end 16 * @param start the start index in byte map 17 * @param end the end index in byte map 18 * @flag the value setted in byte map from start to end 19 */ 20 void setByte(int start, int end, int flag); 21 22 /* 23 * get the size of byte map 24 */ 25 int getSize(); 26 27 /* 28 * set the size of byte map 29 * @param size to be setted 30 */ 31 void setSize(int size); 32 33 /* 34 * count how many 1 in byte map 35 */ 36 int countOne(); 37 38 /* 39 * count how many i in byte map from start to end 40 */ 41 int countOne(int start, int end); 42 43 /* 44 * get the sub map of byte map from start to end 45 */ 46 ByteMap subMap(int start, int end); 47 48 /* 49 * flip the value in byte map 50 */ 51 ByteMap not(); 52 53 /* 54 * or operation with another byte map 55 */ 56 ByteMap or(ByteMap byteMap); 57 58 /* 59 * xor operation with another byte map 60 */ 61 ByteMap xor(ByteMap byteMap); 62 63 /* 64 * and operation with another byte map 65 */ 66 ByteMap and(ByteMap byteMap); 67 68 /* 69 * byte map left shift operation 70 */ 71 ByteMap leftShift(int shiftStep); 72 73 /* 74 * byte map right shift operation 75 */ 76 ByteMap rightShift(int shiftStep); 77 }
3、實現
定義靜態byte數組常量,用於快速檢驗點陣圖上索引對應的值:
1 private static final byte[] BYTE_VALUE = { 2 0x0001, 3 0x0002, 4 0x0004, 5 0x0008, 6 0x0010, 7 0x0020, 8 0x0040, 9 -0x0080 10 };
聲明欄位:
1 private int size; 2 private byte b; 3 private byte[] biteMap;
其中size為點陣圖的大小;當點陣圖的size小於等於8時,使用b,否則使用biteMap
構造函數:
1 public ByteMapImpl() { 2 this(8); 3 } 4 5 public ByteMapImpl(int size) { 6 if(size <= 0) { 7 throw new IllegalArgumentException("ByteMap size value should be positive"); 8 } 9 this.size = size; 10 if(size <= 8) { 11 this.b = 0; 12 }else { 13 int len = (size >> 3) + ((size & 7) > 0 ? 1 : 0); 14 this.biteMap = new byte[len]; 15 } 16 }
其中點陣圖的索引從0開始的
點陣圖最重要的兩個介面是:
1 public int getByte(int index) { 2 if(index < 0 || index >= this.size) { 3 throw new IllegalArgumentException("index out of bit map"); 4 } 5 byte unit = (this.size <= 8) ? this.b : this.biteMap[index >> 3]; 6 int result = 0; 7 result = unit & BYTE_VALUE[index & 7]; 8 return result == 0 ? 0 : 1; 9 } 10 11 public void setByte(int index, int flag) { 12 if(index < 0 || index >= this.size) { 13 throw new IllegalArgumentException("index out of bit map"); 14 } 15 if(flag != 0 && flag != 1) { 16 throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegal flag argument, must be 1 or 0"); 17 } 18 19 if(flag == this.getByte(index)) { 20 return; 21 } 22 int offSet = index & 7; 23 if(this.size <= 8) { 24 if(flag == 1) { 25 this.b = (byte) (this.b | BYTE_VALUE[offSet]); 26 }else { 27 this.b = (byte) (this.b & (~BYTE_VALUE[offSet])); 28 } 29 30 }else { 31 int unitIndex = index >> 3; 32 byte unit = this.biteMap[unitIndex]; 33 if(flag == 1) { 34 this.biteMap[unitIndex] = (byte) (unit | BYTE_VALUE[offSet]); 35 }else { 36 this.biteMap[unitIndex] = (byte) (unit & (~BYTE_VALUE[offSet])); 37 } 38 } 39 }
通過位操作與,或以及移位實現以上兩個介面
剩下的介面基於以上實現的:
1 public void setByte(int start, int end, int flag) { 2 for(int i = start ; i <= end; ++i) { 3 this.setByte(i, flag); 4 } 5 } 6 7 public int getSize() { 8 return size; 9 } 10 11 public void setSize(int size) { 12 this.size = size; 13 } 14 15 public int countOne() { 16 return this.countOne(0, this.size - 1); 17 } 18 19 public int countOne(int start, int end) { 20 int count = 0; 21 for(int i = start; i <= end; i++) { 22 count += this.getByte(i); 23 } 24 return count; 25 } 26 27 public ByteMap subMap(int start, int end) { 28 ByteMap byteMap = new ByteMapImpl(end - start + 1); 29 for(int i = start; i <= end; ++i) { 30 if(this.getByte(i) != 0) { 31 byteMap.setByte(i - start, 1); 32 } 33 } 34 return byteMap; 35 } 36 37 public ByteMap not() { 38 ByteMap byteMap = new ByteMapImpl(this.size); 39 for(int i = 0; i < this.size; ++i) { 40 int flag = (this.getByte(i) == 0) ? 1 : 0; 41 byteMap.setByte(i, flag); 42 } 43 return byteMap; 44 } 45 46 public ByteMap or(ByteMap byteMap) { 47 int s1 = this.size; 48 int s2 = byteMap.getSize(); 49 int orSize = s1 > s2 ? s1 : s2; 50 ByteMap orMap = new ByteMapImpl(orSize); 51 int i = 0; 52 while(i < s1 && i < s2) { 53 if(this.getByte(i) != 0 || byteMap.getByte(i) != 0) { 54 orMap.setByte(i, 1); 55 } 56 ++i; 57 } 58 while(i < s1) { 59 if(this.getByte(i) != 0) { 60 orMap.setByte(i, 1); 61 } 62 ++i; 63 } 64 while(i < s2) { 65 if(byteMap.getByte(i) != 0) { 66 orMap.setByte(i, 1); 67 } 68 ++i; 69 } 70 return orMap; 71 } 72 73 public ByteMap xor(ByteMap byteMap) { 74 int s1 = this.size; 75 int s2 = byteMap.getSize(); 76 int xorSize = s1 > s2 ? s1 : s2; 77 ByteMap xorMap = new ByteMapImpl(xorSize); 78 int i = 0; 79 while(i < s1 && i < s2) { 80 if(this.getByte(i) != byteMap.getByte(i)) { 81 xorMap.setByte(i, 1); 82 } 83 ++i; 84 } 85 while(i < s1) { 86 if(this.getByte(i) != 0) { 87 xorMap.setByte(i, 1); 88 } 89 ++i; 90 } 91 while(i < s2) { 92 if(byteMap.getByte(i) != 0) { 93 xorMap.setByte(i, 1); 94 } 95 ++i; 96 } 97 return xorMap; 98 } 99 100 public ByteMap and(ByteMap byteMap) { 101 int s1 = this.size; 102 int s2 = byteMap.getSize(); 103 int orSize = s1 > s2 ? s1 : s2; 104 ByteMap andMap = new ByteMapImpl(orSize); 105 int i = 0; 106 while(i < s1 && i < s2) { 107 if(this.getByte(i) != 0 && byteMap.getByte(i) != 0) { 108 andMap.setByte(i, 1); 109 } 110 ++i; 111 } 112 return andMap; 113 } 114 115 public ByteMap leftShift(int shiftStep) { 116 ByteMap shiftMap = new ByteMapImpl(this.size); 117 if(this.countOne() > 0 && shiftStep < this.size) { 118 if(shiftStep < 0) { 119 return this.rightShift((0 - shiftStep)); 120 }else { 121 for(int i = shiftStep; i < this.size; ++i) { 122 if(this.getByte(i) != 0) { 123 shiftMap.setByte(i - shiftStep, 1); 124 } 125 } 126 } 127 } 128 return shiftMap; 129 } 130 131 public ByteMap rightShift(int shiftStep) { 132 ByteMap shiftMap = new ByteMapImpl(this.size); 133 if(this.countOne() > 0 && shiftStep < this.size) { 134 if(shiftStep < 0) { 135 return this.leftShift((0 - shiftStep)); 136 }else { 137 for(int i = this.size - shiftStep - 1; i >= 0; --i) { 138 if(this.getByte(i) != 0) { 139 shiftMap.setByte(i + shiftStep, 1); 140 } 141 } 142 } 143 } 144 return shiftMap; 145 }
4、測試
為了便於測試,重寫Object類型的toString方法:
1 @Override 2 public String toString() { 3 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 4 if(this.size <= 8) { 5 for(int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) { 6 if(i < 7) { 7 try { 8 sb.append(this.getByte(i) + ","); 9 } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { 10 sb.append("0,"); 11 } 12 }else { 13 try { 14 sb.append(this.getByte(i)); 15 } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { 16 sb.append("0"); 17 } 18 } 19 } 20 }else { 21 for(int i = 0; i < this.biteMap.length*8; ++i) { 22 if((i&7) == 0) { 23 sb.append("\n" + (i>>3) + ":"); 24 }else { 25 sb.append(","); 26 } 27 try { 28 sb.append(this.getByte(i)); 29 } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { 30 sb.append("0"); 31 } 32 } 33 } 34 return sb.toString(); 35 }
測試main函數:
1 public static void main(String[] args) { 2 ByteMap byteMap1 = new ByteMapImpl(60); 3 byteMap1.setByte(3, 5, 1); 4 System.out.println("byteMap1:" + byteMap1.toString()); 5 System.out.println("byteMap1 count 1:" + byteMap1.countOne()); 6 ByteMap byteMap2 = byteMap1.subMap(1, 11); 7 System.out.println("byteMap1 sub map:" + byteMap2); 8 System.out.println("byteMap1 sub map count 1:" + byteMap2.countOne()); 9 System.out.println("or map:" + byteMap1.or(byteMap2)); 10 System.out.println("and map:" + byteMap1.and(byteMap2)); 11 System.out.println("xor map:" + byteMap1.xor(byteMap2)); 12 System.out.println("byteMap1 left shift 3 bit:" + byteMap1.leftShift(3)); 13 System.out.println("byteMap1 right shift 3 bite:" + byteMap1.rightShift(3)); 14 }
結果:
byteMap1: 0:0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0 1:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 2:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 3:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 4:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 5:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 6:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 7:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 byteMap1 count 1:3 byteMap1 sub map: 0:0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0 1:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 byteMap1 sub map count one:3 or map: 0:0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0 1:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 2:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 3:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 4:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 5:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 6:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 7:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 and map: 0:0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0 1:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 2:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 3:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 4:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 5:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 6:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 7:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 xor map: 0:0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0 1:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 2:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 3:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 4:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 5:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 6:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 7:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 byteMap1 left shift 3 bit: 0:1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0 1:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 2:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 3:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 4:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 5:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 6:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 7:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 byteMap1 right shift 3 bite: 0:0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1 1:1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 2:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 3:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 4:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 5:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 6:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 7:0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
5、總結
使用點陣圖適合稠密數據,不然會造成大量空間的浪費
6、思考
(1)為什麼 BYTE_VALUE[7] = -0x0080;
(2)實現的點陣圖是非線程安全的,怎樣改進既能保證線程安全,又不會大幅度降低性能;