1.簡介和安裝 sysbench是一個很不錯的資料庫性能測試工具。 官方站點:https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench/ rpm包下載:https://packagecloud.io/akopytov/sysbench/packages/el/7/sysbench 1 ...
1.簡介和安裝
sysbench是一個很不錯的資料庫性能測試工具。
官方站點:https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench/
rpm包下載:https://packagecloud.io/akopytov/sysbench/packages/el/7/sysbench-1.0.15-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
源碼包下載:https://github.com/akopytov/sysbench/archive/1.0.15.tar.gz
如果是編譯安裝,需要先安裝好mysql的開發包(儘管編譯錯誤時提示的是缺少Mysql庫文件)。
yum -y install mysql-community-devel
tar xf 1.0.15.tar.gz
cd sysbench-1.0.15
./autogen.sh
./configure
make -j
make install
安裝後,只有一個二進位文件sysbench,還提供了很多個lua腳本。
[root@s1 ~]# rpm -ql sysbench | grep 'bin\|lua'
/usr/bin/sysbench
/usr/share/sysbench/bulk_insert.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_delete.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_insert.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_point_select.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_only.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_update_index.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_update_non_index.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_write_only.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/select_random_points.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/select_random_ranges.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/inspect.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/bulk_insert.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/common.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/delete.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/insert.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/oltp.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/oltp_simple.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/parallel_prepare.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/select.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/select_random_points.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/select_random_ranges.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/update_index.lua
/usr/share/sysbench/tests/include/oltp_legacy/update_non_index.lua
本文介紹的是新版本sysbench oltp lua腳本的用法(/usr/share/sysbench/*.lua
),所以不涉及傳統的lua(tests/include/oltp_legacy/*.lua
),如果想要瞭解這些傳統Lua腳本的用法,網上隨便找。
2.sysbench使用方法
以下列出了sysbench對測試mysql時常用的選項。
[root@xuexi ~]# sysbench --help
Usage:
sysbench [options]... [test_lua] [lua_options] [command]
Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help
通用選項:以下中括弧中的值表示預設值
--threads=N 指定線程數[1]
--events=N 限制最大請求數,0表示不限制[0]
--time=N 限制最長執行時間,0表示不限制[10]
--events和--time二者選一即可
--forced-shutdown=STRING 達到最長執行時間後還需等待多久關閉sysbench
off表示禁用該功能[off]
--thread-stack-size=SIZE 每個線程使用的棧空間大小[64K]
--rate=N 平均事務處理速率,0表示不限制[0]
--report-interval=N 每隔幾秒報告一次結果,0表示禁用間隔報告[0]
--config-file=FILENAME 從文件中讀取命令行選項
--tx-rate=N 已廢棄,是--rate的別名[0]
--max-requests=N 已廢棄,是--events的別名[0]
--max-time=N 已廢棄,是--time的別名[0]
--num-threads=N 已廢棄,是--threads的別名[1]
mysql相關選項:
--mysql-host=[LIST,...] MySQL server host [localhost]
--mysql-port=[LIST,...] MySQL server port [3306]
--mysql-socket=[LIST,...] MySQL socket
--mysql-user=STRING MySQL user [sbtest]
--mysql-password=STRING MySQL password []
--mysql-db=STRING MySQL database name [sbtest]
--mysql-ignore-errors=[LIST,...] 要忽略的錯誤代碼,值可為"all" [1213,1020,1205]
Compiled-in tests:
fileio - File I/O test
cpu - CPU performance test
memory - Memory functions speed test
threads - Threads subsystem performance test
mutex - Mutex performance test
其中,command部分有4類:prepare run cleanup和help:
prepare
:準備數據的命令。例如,在sysbench壓力測試之前,需要先準備好測試庫、測試表以及測試表中的數據。具體用法見後文。
run
:表示進行壓力測試。
cleanup
:清除測試時產生的數據。
help
:輸出給定lua腳本的幫助信息。
test_lua是想要使用的lua腳本,如果是rpm包安裝的sysbench,則這些腳本都是/usr/share/sysbench目錄下。對於一般的資料庫測試,只需使用和oltp有關的lua腳本就足夠。
options和lua_options是不同的,options是sysbench的選項,lua_options是lua腳本的選項,lua_options應該要放在test_lua的後面(非必需,但建議)。
例如,要查看oltp_common.lua的用法,可以:
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua help
3.準備測試數據
首先創建sysbench所需資料庫sbtest
(這是sysbench預設使用的庫名,必須創建測試庫)。
mysqladmin -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -pP@ssword1! -P3306 create sbtest;
然後,準備測試所用的表,這些測試表放在測試庫sbtest中。這裡使用的lua腳本為/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua
。
sysbench --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 \
--mysql-port=3306 \
--mysql-user=root \
--mysql-password=P@ssword1! \
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua \
--tables=10 \
--table_size=100000 \
prepare
其中--tables=10
表示創建10個測試表,--table_size=100000
表示每個表中插入10W行數據,prepare
表示這是準備數的過程。
mysql> show tables from sbtest;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_sbtest |
+------------------+
| sbtest1 |
| sbtest10 |
| sbtest2 |
| sbtest3 |
| sbtest4 |
| sbtest5 |
| sbtest6 |
| sbtest7 |
| sbtest8 |
| sbtest9 |
+------------------+
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest.sbtest1;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 100000 |
+----------+
如果想要清除這10個表,可使用cleanup命令。
sysbench --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 \
--mysql-port=3306 \
--mysql-user=root \
--mysql-password=P@ssword1! \
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua \
--tables=10 \
cleanup
4.資料庫測試和結果分析
稍微修改下之前準備數據的語句,就可以拿來測試了。
需要註意的是,之前使用的lua腳本為oltp_common.lua
,它是一個通用腳本,是被其它lua腳本調用的,它不能直接拿來測試。
所以,我這裡用oltp_read_write.lua
腳本來做讀、寫測試。還有很多其它類型的測試,比如只讀測試、只寫測試、刪除測試、大批量插入測試等等。可找到對應的lua腳本進行調用即可。
sysbench --threads=4 \
--time=20 \
--report-interval=5 \
--mysql-host=127.0.0.1 \
--mysql-port=3306 \
--mysql-user=root \
--mysql-password=P@ssword1! \
/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua \
--tables=10 \
--table_size=100000 \
run
以下是測試返回的結果:
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
####以下是每5秒返回一次的結果,統計的指標包括:
#### 線程數、tps(每秒事務數)、qps(每秒查詢數)、
#### 每秒的讀/寫/其它次數、延遲、每秒錯誤數、每秒重連次數
[ 5s ] thds: 4 tps: 130.16 qps: 2606.30 (r/w/o: 1824.51/520.66/261.13) lat (ms,95%): 104.84 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
[ 10s ] thds: 4 tps: 126.74 qps: 2539.17 (r/w/o: 1778.17/507.52/253.47) lat (ms,95%): 108.68 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
[ 15s ] thds: 4 tps: 136.54 qps: 2736.34 (r/w/o: 1915.25/548.01/273.07) lat (ms,95%): 102.97 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
[ 20s ] thds: 4 tps: 107.44 qps: 2148.65 (r/w/o: 1505.60/428.17/214.89) lat (ms,95%): 132.49 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00
SQL statistics:
queries performed:
read: 35098 # 執行的讀操作數量
write: 10028 # 執行的寫操作數量
other: 5014 # 執行的其它操作數量
total: 50140
transactions: 2507 (124.29 per sec.) # 執行事務的平均速率
queries: 50140 (2485.82 per sec.) # 平均每秒能執行多少次查詢
ignored errors: 0 (0.00 per sec.)
reconnects: 0 (0.00 per sec.)
General statistics:
total time: 20.1694s # 總消耗時間
total number of events: 2507 # 總請求數量(讀、寫、其它)
Latency (ms):
min: 2.32
avg: 32.13
max: 575.78
95th percentile: 118.92 # 採樣計算的平均延遲
sum: 80554.96
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 626.7500/2.49
execution time (avg/stddev): 20.1387/0.04
5.cpu/io/記憶體等測試
sysbench內置了幾個測試指標。
Compiled-in tests:
fileio - File I/O test
cpu - CPU performance test
memory - Memory functions speed test
threads - Threads subsystem performance test
mutex - Mutex performance test
可直接help輸出測試方法。例如,fileio測試。
[root@xuexi ~]# sysbench fileio help
sysbench 1.0.15 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
fileio options:
--file-num=N number of files to create [128]
--file-block-size=N block size to use in all IO operations [16384]
--file-total-size=SIZE total size of files to create [2G]
--file-test-mode=STRING test mode {seqwr, seqrewr, seqrd, rndrd, rndwr, rndrw}
--file-io-mode=STRING file operations mode {sync,async,mmap} [sync]
--file-async-backlog=N number of asynchronous operatons to queue per thread [128]
--file-extra-flags=[LIST,...] list of additional flags to use to open files {sync,dsync,direct} []
--file-fsync-freq=N do fsync() after this number of requests (0 - don't use fsync()) [100]
--file-fsync-all[=on|off] do fsync() after each write operation [off]
--file-fsync-end[=on|off] do fsync() at the end of test [on]
--file-fsync-mode=STRING which method to use for synchronization {fsync, fdatasync} [fsync]
--file-merged-requests=N merge at most this number of IO requests if possible (0 - don't merge) [0]
--file-rw-ratio=N reads/writes ratio for combined test [1.5]
例如,創建5個文件,總共1G,每個文件大概200M。
sysbench fileio --file-num=5 --file-total-size=1G prepare
[root@xuexi ~]# ls -lh test*
-rw------- 1 root root 205M Jul 8 12:15 test_file.0
-rw------- 1 root root 205M Jul 8 12:15 test_file.1
-rw------- 1 root root 205M Jul 8 12:15 test_file.2
-rw------- 1 root root 205M Jul 8 12:15 test_file.3
-rw------- 1 root root 205M Jul 8 12:15 test_file.4
然後,運行測試。
sysbench --events=5000 \
--threads=16 \
fileio \
--file-num=5 \
--file-total-size=1G \
--file-test-mode=rndrw \
--file-fsync-freq=0 \
--file-block-size=16384 \
run
結果:
File operations:
reads/s: 98.67
writes/s: 66.85
fsyncs/s: 6.26
Throughput: # 吞吐量
read, MiB/s: 1.54 # 表示讀的帶寬
written, MiB/s: 1.04 # 表示讀的帶寬
General statistics:
total time: 12.7426s
total number of events: 2117
Latency (ms):
min: 0.00
avg: 86.66
max: 2919.41
95th percentile: 646.19
sum: 183460.80
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 132.3125/24.19
execution time (avg/stddev): 11.4663/1.09
再比例cpu性能測試:
[root@xuexi ~]# sysbench cpu --threads=40 --events=10000 --cpu-max-prime=20000 run
sysbench 1.0.15 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 40
Initializing random number generator from current time
Prime numbers limit: 20000
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
CPU speed:
events per second: 2127.81
General statistics:
total time: 4.6986s
total number of events: 10000
Latency (ms):
min: 1.72
avg: 18.16
max: 302.17
95th percentile: 110.66
sum: 181628.49
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 250.0000/30.81
execution time (avg/stddev): 4.5407/0.10