1本文的意義

如果給已經存在的類添加新的行為，採用繼承方案

如果改變已經存在類的行為，採用重寫方案

2圖解繼承、重寫與Super

註：上面代碼層層關聯。super()可以用到任何方法里進行調用，本文只用在了__init__方法中，通過重寫和調用super，可以修改所有方法。

上面類的實例化：

3代碼驗證

class ContactList(list):
    def search(self, name):
        matching_contacts = []
        for contact in self:
            if name in contact.name:
                matching_contacts.append(contact)
        return matching_contacts

class Contact:
    all_contacts = ContactList()
    def __init__(self, name, email):
        self.name = name
        self.email = email
        self.all_contacts.append(self)
        
        
class Friend(Contact):
    def __init__(self, name, email, phone):
        super().__init__(name, email)
        self.phone = phone
        
contact1 = Contact("Zhang San", "[email protected]")
contact2 = Contact("Li Si", "[email protected]")
contact3 = Contact("WangWu", "[email protected]")

myFriend1 = Friend("LiLi", "[email protected]", 666666)
myFriend2 = Friend("YueYue", "[email protected]", 888888)

In [1]: Contact.all_contacts  # 列表記錄了實例化的5個對象
[<__main__.Contact at 0x22d6a877048>,
 <__main__.Contact at 0x22d6a871fd0>,
 <__main__.Contact at 0x22d6a877080>,
 <__main__.Friend at 0x22d6a8770b8>,
 <__main__.Friend at 0x22d6a877160>]

In [2]: [c.name for c in Contact.all_contacts.search('Li')]
['Li Si', 'LiLi']

參考：本文參考學習《Python3 Object Oriented Programming》，根據自己理解改編，Dusty Phillips 著