關於MySQL資料庫——增刪改查語句集錦

一、基本的sql語句

CRUD操作：
create 創建（添加）
read 讀取
update 修改
delete 刪除

1、添加數據
insert into Info values('p009','張三',1,'n001','2016-8-30 12:9:8') ;
給特定的列添加數據
insert into Info (code,name) values('p010','李四');
自增長列的處理
insert into family values('','p001','數據','T001','數據',1);

insert into 表名 values(值)

2、刪除數據
刪除所有數據
delete from family
刪除特定的數據
delete from Info where code='p001'

delete from 表名 where 條件

3、修改數據
修改所有數據
update Info set name='徐業鵬'
修改特定數據
update Info set name='呂永樂' where code='p002'
修改多列
update Info set name='呂永樂',sex=1 where code='p003'

update 表名 set 要修改的內容 where 條件  tno =

4、讀取數據
(1)簡單讀取,查詢所有列(*)  所有行（沒有加條件）
select * from Info
(2)讀取特定列
select code,name，class from Info
(3)條件查詢
select * from Info where code='p003'
(4)多條件查詢
select * from Info where code='p003' or nation='n002' #或的關係
select * from Info where sex=0 and nation='n002' #與的關係
(5)關鍵字查詢（模糊查詢）
查所有包含奧迪的汽車
select * from car where name like '%奧迪%'; #百分號%代表任意多個字元
查以'皇冠'開頭的所有汽車
select * from car where name like '皇冠%';
查詢汽車名稱中第二個字元是'馬'的
select * from car where name like '_馬%'; #下劃線_代表任意一個字元
(6)排序查詢
select * from car order by powers  #預設升序排列
select * from car order by powers  #升序asc 降序 desc
先按brand升序排，再按照price降序排
select * from car order by brand,price desc


(7)範圍查詢
select * from car where price9()>40 and price<60
select * from car where price between 40 and 60

(8)離散查詢
select * from car where price=30 or price=40 or price=50 or price=60;
select * from car where price in(30,40,50,60)取出數據
select * from car where price not in(30,40,50,60)去掉數據

(9)聚合函數（統計查詢）
select count(*) from car
select count(code) from car #取所有的數據條數
select sum(price) from car #求價格總和
select avg(price) from car #求價格的平均值
select max(price) from car #求最大值
select min(price) from car #求最小值

(10)分頁查詢
select * from car limit 0,10  #分頁查詢，跳過幾條數據(0)取幾條(10)
規定一個每頁顯示的條數：m
當前頁數：n]
select * from car limit (n-1)*m,m

(11)去重查詢
select distinct brand from car

(12)分組查詢
查詢汽車表中，每個系列下汽車的數量
select brand,count(*) from car group by brand
分組之後，只能查詢該列或聚合函數

取該系列價格平均值大於40的系列代號
select brand from car group by brand having（加條件） avg(price)>40

取該系列油耗最大值大於8的系列代號
select brand from car group by brand having max(oil)>8

二、MySql的高級查詢（使用外連接）

 連接查詢
SELECT t1.Name,t2.Brand_Name FROM brand t2,car t1 -- 笛卡爾乘積
WHERE t2.Brand = t1.Brand

-- 多表連接查詢
SELECT t1.Name,t2.Brand_Name,t3.prod_name  FROM car t1 LEFT JOIN brand t2 ON t1.Brand = t2.Brand

LEFT JOIN productor t3 ON t2.Prod = t3.Prod

-- 聯合查詢 欄位數必須一樣
SELECT `Name`,Price FROM car UNION SELECT Brand_Name,Brand_Memo FROM brand

-- 子查詢（***）
SELECT * FROM car WHERE car.brand in (SELECT Brand FROM brand WHERE Prod = 'p001')

說明：使用外連接