SQL Server(四)——查詢練習（45道習題）

題目：設有一資料庫，包括四個表：學生表（Student）、課程表（Course）、成績表（Score）以及教師信息表（Teacher）。

             四個表的結構分別如表1-1的表（一）~表（四）所示，數據如表1-2的表（一）~表（四）所示。用SQL語句創建四個表並完成相關題目。

表1-1資料庫的表結構

表（一）Student (學生表)                        

表（二）Course（課程表）

表（三）Score(成績表)

表（四）Teacher(教師表)

表1-2資料庫中的數據

表（一）Student

表（二）Course

表（三）Score

表（四）Teacher

查詢問題：

1、 查詢Student表中的所有記錄的Sname、Ssex和Class列。

2、 查詢教師所有的單位即不重覆的Depart列。

3、 查詢Student表的所有記錄。

4、 查詢Score表中成績在60到80之間的所有記錄。

5、 查詢Score表中成績為85，86或88的記錄。

6、 查詢Student表中“95031”班或性別為“女”的同學記錄。

7、 以Class降序查詢Student表的所有記錄。

8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查詢Score表的所有記錄。

9、 查詢“95031”班的學生人數。

10、 查詢Score表中的最高分的學生學號和課程號。（子查詢或者排序）

11、 查詢每門課的平均成績。

12、查詢Score表中至少有5名學生選修的並以3開頭的課程的平均分數。

13、查詢分數大於70，小於90的Sno列。

14、查詢所有學生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

15、查詢所有學生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。

16、查詢所有學生的Sname、Cname和Degree列

17、 查詢“95033”班學生的平均分。

18、 假設使用如下命令建立了一個grade表：

create table grade(low  int(3),upp  int(3),rank  char(1))

insert into grade values(90,100,’A’)

insert into grade values(80,89,’B’)

insert into grade values(70,79,’C’)

insert into grade values(60,69,’D’)

insert into grade values(0,59,’E’)

現查詢所有同學的Sno、Cno和rank列。

19、  查詢選修“3-105”課程的成績高於“109”號同學成績的所有同學的記錄。

20、查詢score中選學多門課程的同學中分數為非最高分成績的記錄。

21、查詢成績高於學號為“109”、課程號為“3-105”的成績的所有記錄。

22、查詢和學號為108的同學同年出生的所有學生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。

23、查詢“張旭“教師任課的學生成績。

24、查詢選修某課程的同學人數多於5人的教師姓名。

25、查詢95033班和95031班全體學生的記錄。

26、  查詢存在有85分以上成績的課程Cno.

27、查詢出“電腦系“教師所教課程的成績表。

28、查詢“電腦系”與“電子工程系“不同職稱的教師的Tname和Prof。

29、查詢選修編號為“3-105“課程且成績至少高於選修編號為“3-245”的同學的Cno、Sno和Degree,並按Degree從高到低次序排序。

30、查詢選修編號為“3-105”且成績高於選修編號為“3-245”課程的同學的Cno、Sno和Degree.

31、 查詢所有教師和同學的name、sex和birthday.

32、查詢所有“女”教師和“女”同學的name、sex和birthday.

33、 查詢成績比該課程平均成績低的同學的成績表。

34、 查詢所有任課教師的Tname和Depart.

35 、 查詢所有未講課的教師的Tname和Depart.

36、查詢至少有2名男生的班號。

37、查詢Student表中不姓“王”的同學記錄。

38、查詢Student表中每個學生的姓名和年齡。

39、查詢Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。

40、以班號和年齡從大到小的順序查詢Student表中的全部記錄。

41、查詢“男”教師及其所上的課程。

42、查詢最高分同學的Sno、Cno和Degree列。

43、查詢和“李軍”同性別的所有同學的Sname.

44、查詢和“李軍”同性別並同班的同學Sname.

45、查詢所有選修“電腦導論”課程的“男”同學的成績表。

建表程式：

create database xuesheng

use xuesheng

go

create table Student
(
Sno varchar(20) not null primary key,
Sname varchar(20) not null,
Ssex varchar(20) not null,
Sbirthday datetime,
Class varchar(20)
)

go

create table Teacher
(
Tno varchar(20) not null primary key,
Tname varchar(20) not null,
Tsex varchar(20) not null,
Tbrithday datetime,
Prof varchar(20),
Depart varchar(20) not null
)

go

create table Course
(
Cno varchar(20) not null primary key,
Cname varchar(20) not null,
Tno varchar(20) not null references Teacher(Tno)
)

go

create table Score
(
Sno varchar(20) not null references Student(Sno),
Cno varchar(20) not null references Course(Cno),
Degree Decimal(4,1)
)
alter table Score add constraint pk primary key(Sno, Cno)

數據輸入程式未附，自己在設計中添加記好了

題目答案：

1、select Sname , Ssex , Class from Student 

2、select distinct Depart from Teacher ——去重查詢

3、select * from Student 

4、select * from Score where Degree between 60 and 80 ——範圍查詢，between關鍵字

5、select * from Score where Degree=85 or Degree=86 or Degree=88
   select * from Score where Degree in(85,86,88)


6、select * from Student where Ssex='女' or Class=95031 ——條件查詢

7、select * from Student order  by Class desc

8、select * from Score order  by Cno asc,Degree desc ——排序查詢

9、select count(*) from Student where Class=95031

10、select Sno,Cno from score where Degree=(select MAX(Degree) from score)——運用子查詢

11、select cno ,AVG(Degree) from Score group by Cno

12、select Cno,avg(Degree) from score  group by Cno having count(Sno)>=5 and Cno like '3%' ——分組查詢與模糊查詢
    (師)select Cno,avg(Degree) from score where Cno like '3%' group by Cno having count(Sno)>=5 ——聚合函數 count


13、select Sno from Score where Degree between 70 and 90

14、select Sname,Cno,degree from student,score where student.Sno=score.Sno
    (師)select Sname,Cno,degree from score join student on score.sno=student.sno ——連接查詢，join  on


15、select Sno,Cname,degree from course,score where course.cno=score.cno
    (師)select Sname,Cno,degree from score join course on score.cno=course.cno


16、select Sname,Cname,degree from student, course,score where student.Sno=score.Sno and course.cno=score.cno
    (師)select Sname,Cno,degree from score join student on score.sno=student.sno join course on score.cno=course.cno

17、select avg(degree) from score where sno in (select sno from student where class='95033') ——離散查詢

18、select Sno,Cno,rank from score,grade where score.degree between low and upp

19、select * from score where cno='3-105' and  degree>(select degree from score where sno='109'and cno='3-105')——第一種理解
    select * from score where cno='3-105' and  degree>(select max（degree） from score where sno='109')——理解二

20、select * from score b where degree <(select max(degree) from score a where a.cno=b.cno)
    select * from score  where degree not in (select max(degree) from score  group by cno having count(sno)>1）

（師）select * from score where sno in (select sno from score group by sno having count(*)>1) and degree <(select max(degree) from score )
      select * from score a where sno in (select sno from score group by sno having count(*)>1) and degree <(select max(degree) from score b where b.cno=a.cno )

21、select * from score where cno='3-105' and  degree>(select degree from score where sno='109'and cno='3-105')

22、select sno,sname,sbirthday from student where datediff(year,sbirthday,getdate())=(select datediff(year,sbirthday,getdate()) from student where sno='108')
      select * from student where year(sbirthdy)=(select year(sbirthday) from student where sno='108')

23、select cno,sno,degree from score where cno=(select cno from course ,teacher  where course.tno=teacher.tno and teacher.tname='張旭')
    (師)select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where tname='張旭'))

24、select  tname from teacher where tno in (select tno from course where cno in (select cno from score group by cno having count(*)>5))

25、select * from student where class in('95033','95031')或者select * from student where class ='95033'or class='95031'

26、select distinct cno from score where degree>85

27、select cno,sno,degree from score where cno in (select cno from course ,teacher  where course.tno=teacher.tno and teacher.depart='電腦系')
（師）select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where depart='電腦系'))

28、select tname,prof from teacher where depart='電腦系' and prof not in (select prof from teacher where depart='電子工程系')
    union
    select tname,prof from teacher where depart='電子工程系' and prof not in (select prof from teacher where depart='電腦系')
   
    select tname,prof from teacher a where prof not in (select prof from teacher b where b.depart != a.depart)

29、select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>any (select degree from score where cno='3-245')order by degree desc——any其中任何一個、all所有

30、select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree) from score where cno='3-245')

31、select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher
    union
    select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student

32、select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher where tsex='女'
    union
    select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student where ssex='女'

33、select * from score a where degree<(select avg(degree)from score b where a.cno=b.cno)
    

34、select tname,depart from teacher a where exists(select * from course b where a.tno=b.tno);
    select tname,depart from teacher,course where Teacher.tno=Course.tno
    （師）select tname,depart from teacher where tno in( select tno from course where cno in( select distinct cno from score))

35、select tname,depart from teacher a where not exists(select * from course b where a.tno=b.tno);
    （師）select tname,depart from teacher where tno not in( select tno from course where cno in( select distinct cno from score))

36、select class from student where ssex='男'group by class having count(*)>=2;

37、 select * from student where sname not like'王%';

38、select sname as 姓名,datediff(year,sbirthday,getdate()) as 年齡 from student
    select sname as 姓名,year(getdate())-year(sbirthday) as 年齡 from student


39、select sname,sbirthday as 最大 from student where sbirthday =(select min (sbirthday) from student)
    union
    select sname,sbirthday as 最小 from student where sbirthday =(select max(sbirthday) from student)

   （師）select min (sbirthday),max(sbirthday) from student

40、select class,sname,sbirthday from student order by class desc,sbirthday;

41、select x.tname,y.cname from teacher x,course y where x.tno=y.tno and x.tsex='男';
    select tname,cname from teacher ,course  where teacher.tno=course.tno and tsex='男'


42、select * from score where degree=(select max(degree)from score);
(師)selsct top 1 * from score order by degree desc——只適用於有一個最高分


43、select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李軍');

44、select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李軍') and class=(select class from student where sname='李軍');

45、select * from score where sno in(select sno from student where ssex='男') and cno=(select cno from course where cname='電腦導論');

答案僅代表自己意見，若有錯誤和不同做法，希望看到的告知，相互學習，十分感謝！