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在RockyLinux 9.3環境中採用RPM模式部署Oracle 19C
用途
在開發資料庫系統時，可以驗證功能是否與Oracle的表現一致，驗證正確性和相容性
限制
- 虛擬機安裝，CPU 2*4 記憶體16G 磁碟100G
- 目標生產環境是RHEL 9.X，學習環境採用Rocky Linux 9.3
- 選擇Oracle版本是長期支持版19C
- 只驗證基礎的功能，可以禁用CDB PDB
- 安裝的Oracle只需要功能驗證不用於生產環境，也不進行性能測試
查找資料
- bing上查找資料，一般找到的安裝Oracle的資料是CentOS 7.x,8.x，而9.x的比較少，找到：
- 基於RHEL9,ORACLE LINUX 9安裝Oracle 19c 資料庫
可惜文中表示安裝Oracle時需要安裝庫補丁，流程還是比較麻煩 - linux安裝oracle19c完整版(圖形+靜默安裝) 系統參數都是手工設置和通過界面設置，可以參考
- 基於RHEL9,ORACLE LINUX 9安裝Oracle 19c 資料庫
- 直接查找官方文檔
- Oracle Database Installation Guide 19c for Linux
發現最新的19C沒有要求安裝補丁，並且支持RPM方式安裝，過程非常簡潔，嘗試成功後總結，供大家參考。
- Oracle Database Installation Guide 19c for Linux
準備環境
安裝虛擬機的過程不再贅述，安裝後需要做的準備工作如下：
- 關閉防火牆
#檢查防火牆狀態
systemctl status firewalld.service
#關閉防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld.service
#禁止開機啟動防火牆
systemctl disable firewalld.service
- 關閉SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
編輯內容：
#SELINUX=enforcing #註釋掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加
存檔退出，下次重新啟動後生效。如果想使配置立即生效，執行：
setenforce 0
- 配置功能變數名稱
採用修改/etc/hostname的方式，重啟後生效
vi /etc/hostname
oracle19c.learning.cn
- 配置功能變數名稱解析
vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.154.19 oracle19c oracle19c.learning.cn
- 配置軟體源
事先將rocky linux 9.3的ISO mount到/mnt/rocky9/
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky.repo
[baseos]
name=Rocky Linux $releasever - BaseOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/rocky9/BaseOS/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
countme=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Rocky-9
[appstream]
name=Rocky Linux $releasever - AppStream
baseurl=file:///mnt/rocky9/AppStream/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
countme=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Rocky-9
- 準備Oracle RPM
- 預安裝RPM：
訪問Oracle Linux 9的軟體源，如x86對應的是: https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL9/appstream/x86_64/，
找到對應Oracle 19c的預安裝版本，如 oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm，下載該預安裝rpm - Oracle 19C:
訪問 Oracle下載頁 找到最新的19C版本，如
oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm,然後下載到本地
- Linux共用Windows目錄
為了節省Linux的磁碟空間，直接在Linux中訪問Windows下載的rpm
- 在Windows中共用保存rpm的文件夾，如名稱為//192.168.154.1/Oracle
- 在Linux中鏈接Windows的共用
mkdir -p /mnt/oracle
mount -t cifs -o username=xxxx,password=yyyy //192.168.154.1/Oracle /mnt/oracle
請把"xxxx","yyyy"換成實際的用戶名和密碼
部署Oracle預安裝RPM包
按官方文檔，安裝 Preinstallation RPM時會：
- 解析Oracle Grid Infrastructure和Oracle Database所需的依賴項,並自動下載和安裝對應的RPM包
- 創建oracle用戶，將其加入新創建的oraInventory (oinstall)和 OSDBA (dba)組中
- 按Oracle資料庫預安裝RPM程式的建議設置sysctl.conf、系統啟動參數和驅動程式參數
- 設置硬和軟資源限制 Linux進程資源訪問限制
- 根據內核版本設置其他推薦參數
- 在Linux x86_64和Linux aarch64機器的內核中設置numa=off
dnf install -y /mnt/oracle/19c/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:14 ago on Wed 17 Apr 2024 12:02:20 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
======================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
oracle-database-preinstall-19c x86_64 1.0-1.el9 @commandline 33 k
Installing dependencies:
chkconfig x86_64 1.24-1.el9 baseos 161 k
gssproxy x86_64 0.8.4-6.el9 baseos 108 k
initscripts x86_64 10.11.5-1.el9 baseos 210 k
keyutils x86_64 1.6.3-1.el9 baseos 72 k
ksh x86_64 3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9 appstream 879 k
libXxf86dga x86_64 1.1.5-8.el9 appstream 20 k
libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.111-13.el9 appstream 10 k
libdmx x86_64 1.1.4-12.el9 appstream 16 k
libev x86_64 4.33-5.el9 baseos 52 k
libnfsidmap x86_64 1:2.5.4-20.el9 baseos 60 k
libnsl x86_64 2.34-83.el9.7 baseos 77 k
libverto-libev x86_64 0.3.2-3.el9 baseos 13 k
nfs-utils x86_64 1:2.5.4-20.el9 baseos 425 k
rpcbind x86_64 1.2.6-5.el9 baseos 56 k
sssd-nfs-idmap x86_64 2.9.1-4.el9_3 baseos 42 k
xorg-x11-utils x86_64 7.5-40.el9 appstream 106 k
xorg-x11-xauth x86_64 1:1.1-10.el9 appstream 36 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install 18 Packages
Total size: 2.3 M
Installed size: 7.5 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : libnfsidmap-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 1/18
Installing : ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64 2/18
Running scriptlet: ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64 2/18
Installing : libdmx-1.1.4-12.el9.x86_64 3/18
Installing : libXxf86dga-1.1.5-8.el9.x86_64 4/18
Installing : xorg-x11-utils-7.5-40.el9.x86_64 5/18
Installing : xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-10.el9.x86_64 6/18
Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64 7/18
Installing : libnsl-2.34-83.el9.7.x86_64 8/18
Installing : keyutils-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64 9/18
Installing : libev-4.33-5.el9.x86_64 10/18
Installing : libverto-libev-0.3.2-3.el9.x86_64 11/18
Installing : gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64 12/18
Running scriptlet: gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64 12/18
Running scriptlet: rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64 13/18
Installing : rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64 13/18
Running scriptlet: rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64 13/18
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rpcbind.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/rpcbind.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.socket.
Running scriptlet: nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 14/18
Installing : nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 14/18
Running scriptlet: nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 14/18
Installing : chkconfig-1.24-1.el9.x86_64 15/18
Installing : initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64 16/18
Running scriptlet: initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64 16/18
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/import-state.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/import-state.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/loadmodules.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/loadmodules.service.
Running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64 17/18
Installing : oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64 17/18
Installing : sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64 18/18
Running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64 18/18
Running scriptlet: sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64 18/18
Verifying : chkconfig-1.24-1.el9.x86_64 1/18
Verifying : libverto-libev-0.3.2-3.el9.x86_64 2/18
Verifying : initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64 3/18
Verifying : rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64 4/18
Verifying : libev-4.33-5.el9.x86_64 5/18
Verifying : sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64 6/18
Verifying : gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64 7/18
Verifying : nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 8/18
Verifying : libnfsidmap-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 9/18
Verifying : keyutils-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64 10/18
Verifying : libnsl-2.34-83.el9.7.x86_64 11/18
Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64 12/18
Verifying : xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-10.el9.x86_64 13/18
Verifying : xorg-x11-utils-7.5-40.el9.x86_64 14/18
Verifying : libXxf86dga-1.1.5-8.el9.x86_64 15/18
Verifying : libdmx-1.1.4-12.el9.x86_64 16/18
Verifying : ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64 17/18
Verifying : oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64 18/18
Installed:
chkconfig-1.24-1.el9.x86_64 gssproxy-0.8.4-6.el9.x86_64 initscripts-10.11.5-1.el9.x86_64
keyutils-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64 ksh-3:1.0.0~beta.1-3.el9.x86_64 libXxf86dga-1.1.5-8.el9.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64 libdmx-1.1.4-12.el9.x86_64 libev-4.33-5.el9.x86_64
libnfsidmap-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 libnsl-2.34-83.el9.7.x86_64 libverto-libev-0.3.2-3.el9.x86_64
nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64
rpcbind-1.2.6-5.el9.x86_64 sssd-nfs-idmap-2.9.1-4.el9_3.x86_64
xorg-x11-utils-7.5-40.el9.x86_64 xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-10.el9.x86_64
Complete!
註意：安裝完成後重新啟動系統，確認所有的系統參數已經應用
驗證預安裝RPM的工作成果（不是強迫症無需關註這一部分）
- 檢查依賴項，執行命令
dnf repoquery --requires oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
/bin/sh
/etc/redhat-release
/usr/bin/bash
bc
bind-utils
binutils
ethtool
glibc
glibc-devel
initscripts
ksh
libaio
libaio-devel
libgcc
libnsl
libstdc++
libstdc++-devel
make
module-init-tools
net-tools
nfs-utils
openssh-clients
pam
policycoreutils
policycoreutils-python-utils
procps
psmisc
smartmontools
sysstat
tar
unzip
util-linux-ng
xorg-x11-utils
xorg-x11-xauth
顯示所有的依賴項，說明在部署預安裝RPM過程中，檢查3個文件和31個rpm的依賴關係
- 檢查系統配置/etc/sysctl.conf 增加了內容
cat /etc/sysctl.conf
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
fs.file-max = 6815744
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128'
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for kernel.panic_on_oops is 1 per Orabug 19212317
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter is 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter is 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
註: 原文件備份在/etc/sysctl.d/99-initial-sysctl.conf
- 檢查系統配置/etc/sysconfig/network 增加了內容
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
# Created by anaconda
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c : Add NOZEROCONF=yes
NOZEROCONF=yes
- 檢查進程資源配置
cat /etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-preinstall-19c.conf
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nofile soft limit is 1024
oracle soft nofile 1024
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nofile hard limit is 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nproc soft limit is 16384
# refer orabug15971421 for more info.
oracle soft nproc 16384
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for nproc hard limit is 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for stack soft limit is 10240KB
oracle soft stack 10240
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for stack hard limit is 32768KB
oracle hard stack 32768
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for memlock hard limit is maximum of 128GB on x86_64 or 3GB on x86 OR 90 % of RAM
oracle hard memlock 134217728
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for memlock soft limit is maximum of 128GB on x86_64 or 3GB on x86 OR 90% of RAM
oracle soft memlock 134217728
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for data soft limit is 'unlimited'
oracle soft data unlimited
# oracle-database-preinstall-19c setting for data hard limit is 'unlimited'
oracle hard data unlimited
- 檢查進啟動配置的變化
diff /boot/grub2/grub.cfg /boot/grub2/grub.cfg-oracle-database-preinstall-19c.orabackup
設置“numa=off transparent_hugepage=never”關閉了透明大頁和numa
< set kernelopts="root=/dev/mapper/rl-root ro crashkernel=1G-4G:192M,4G-64G:256M,64G-:512M resume=/dev/mapper/rl-swap rd.lvm.lv=rl/root rd.lvm.lv=rl/swap rhgb quiet numa=off transparent_hugepage=never "
---
> set kernelopts="root=/dev/mapper/rl-root ro crashkernel=1G-4G:192M,4G-64G:256M,64G-:512M resume=/dev/mapper/rl-swap rd.lvm.lv=rl/root rd.lvm.lv=rl/swap rhgb quiet "
註意：修改了內核參數，需要重新啟動
- 驗證創建用戶和用戶組
groups oracle
oracle : oinstall dba oper backupdba dgdba kmdba racdba
id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54330(racdba)
從結果可見oracle屬於7個組
- 驗證透明大頁是否關閉
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
always madvise [never]
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
always defer defer+madvise [madvise] never
- 也可以查看安裝日誌
cat /var/log/oracle-database-preinstall-19c/results/orakernel.log
安裝Oracle RPM
dnf install -y /mnt/oracle/19c/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:44 ago on Wed 17 Apr 2024 12:02:20 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
==========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================================
Installing:
oracle-database-ee-19c x86_64 1.0-1 @commandline 2.5 G
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 2.5 G
Installed size: 6.9 G
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
Installing : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
Verifying : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64
Complete!
禁用CDB
vi /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c
...
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_VERSION=19c
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc
export CHARSET=AL32UTF8
export PDB_NAME=ORCLPDB1
export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER
export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1
export CREATE_AS_CDB=true
修改為
export CREATE_AS_CDB=false
初始化資料庫
[root@oracle19c ansible]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.
Prepare for db operation
10% complete
Copying database files
40% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
42% complete
46% complete
50% complete
54% complete
60% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.
Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.
可以查看詳細一點兒的日誌（輸出了時間）
cat /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log
本次初始化耗時6分鐘，對比沒有禁用CDB的一次實驗，初始化耗時15分鐘
修改oracle用戶的環境變數
su - oracle
vi .bashrc
# 在原文件最後增加
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/dbhome_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
小技巧：修改.bashrc 而不是.bash_profile的原因是可以支持非登錄模式執行shell
驗證基本功能
返回root重新以oracle用戶執行
su - oracle
[oracle@oracle19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 17:23:03 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> create table t1(a int primary key,b varchar(16));
Table created.
SQL> insert into t1 values(100,'beijing');
1 row created.
SQL> insert into t1 values(200,'天津');
1 row created.
SQL> select * from t1 order by a desc;
A B
---------- ----------------
200 天津
100 beijing
重新啟動系統後，發現服務不會自動重啟，設置自動重啟
採用RPM安裝並沒有設置自動重新啟動Oracle的服務，運行 sqlplus / as sysdba 執行簡單SQL報錯，信息如下：
[oracle@oracle19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 22:59:25 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> select * from t1 ;
select * from t1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
所以要手工增加自動重啟的服務，此處主要參考ORACLE 19C 在centos 7的本地rpm包安裝及調試，個別地方稍作修正
- 設置公共環境變數文件
vi /etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
- 創建監聽服務
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Net Listener
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stop
User=oracle
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
- 創建服務啟動服務
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Database service
After=syslog.target network.target lsnrctl.service
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
User=oracle
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
- 設置啟動
vi /etc/oratab
...
#ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:N
#將此處原來的N修改為Y
ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:Y
-
激活服務
systemctl enable ORCLCDB@lsnrctl
systemctl enable ORCLCDB@oracledb -
小技巧，先不忙著啟動系統，先手工啟動服務進行驗證
systemctl start ORCLCDB@lsnrctl
systemctl start ORCLCDB@oracledb
如果有錯誤信息，則通過 systemctl status ORCLCDB@lsnrctl 分析問題
- 重啟後檢驗服務狀態
[root@oracle19c ansible]# netstat -tunlp | grep -E '1521|5500'
tcp6 0 0 :::5500 :::* LISTEN 1090/tnslsnr
tcp6 0 0 :::1521 :::* LISTEN 1090/tnslsnr
[root@oracle19c ansible]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracle19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 23:21:52 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> select * from t2 ;
A B
---------- ----------------
100 beijing
200 天津
總結
本文的內容主要來自網路，但是經過了本人多次的驗證和整理，剔除了一些不必要的環節，也為大家跳過了一些坑。如果有不足之處，請不吝指正，我一定及時修改更新。
1、RPM安裝的限制
- 僅用於安裝 Oracle 資料庫軟體，RAC不能這樣安裝，並且扣除preinstallation，安裝rpm的難度與靜默安裝相當。
- RPM 只能用於安裝軟體，而不能用於更新軟體
- 無法控制軟體安裝的目錄，即不一定能滿足企業安裝規範的目錄約束
- 推薦僅用於實驗環境，不要用於生產環境
2、一些坑（網上個別文檔有些筆誤）
- 19C 預設在/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c 設置了字元集為AL32UTF8，無需在其他地方設置伺服器字元集
- /etc/hosts 一定要設置正確，但是無需刪除127.0.0.1，::1 那兩行
- 預安裝RPM準備的內容見“驗證預安裝RPM的工作成果”部分，這些工作都不需要手工執行
- 僅僅功能驗證的話不要啟動CDB，否則連創建一個普通用戶都要好幾步操作
