再有人問你抽象工廠設計模式，把這篇文章丟給他

概述

抽象工廠模式為創建一組對象提供了一種解決方案。與工廠方法模式相比，抽象工廠模式中的具體工廠不只是創建一種產品，它負責創建一組產品。抽象工廠模式定義如下：

抽象工廠模式(Abstract Factory Pattern)：提供一個創建一系列相關或相互依賴對象的介面，而無須指定它們具體的類。抽象工廠模式又稱為Kit模式，它是一種對象創建型模式。

描述需求

分別往SQLserver、mysql、sqliter資料庫中添加用戶和部門數據。

抽象工廠實現代碼

   /// <summary>
    /// 頂層抽象工廠
    /// </summary>
    public interface IFacatory
    {
        IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser();
        IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體工廠
    /// </summary>
    public class SqlliteFacatory : IFacatory
    {
        public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()
        {
            return  new SqlliteDepartment();
        }
        public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()
        {
            return new SqliteUser();
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體工廠
    /// </summary>
    public class MysqlFacatory : IFacatory
    {
        public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()
        {
            return new MysqlDepartment();
        }
        public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()
        {
            return new MysqlUser();
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體工廠
    /// </summary>
    public class SqlserverFacatory : IFacatory
    {
        public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()
        {
            return new SqlServerDepartment();
        }
        public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()
        {
            return new SqlServerUser();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 用戶類
    /// </summary>
    public class User
    {
        public string  Name { get; set; }
        public int Id { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 抽象的產品
    /// </summary>
    public interface IDatabaseUser
    {
        void InsertUser(User user);
        User GetUser(int id);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體的產品
    /// </summary>
    public class SqlServerUser: IDatabaseUser
    {
        public void InsertUser(User user)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlServerUser:{user.Name}");
        }
        public User GetUser(int id)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"獲取了Id：{id}的用戶");
            return null;
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體的產品
    /// </summary>
    public class MysqlUser : IDatabaseUser
    {
        public void InsertUser(User user)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"插入了MysqlUser:{user.Name}");
        }
        public User GetUser(int id)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"獲取了Id：{id}的用戶");
            return null;
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體的產品
    /// </summary>
    public class SqliteUser : IDatabaseUser
    {
        public void InsertUser(User user)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqliteUser:{user.Name}");
        }
        public User GetUser(int id)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"獲取了Id：{id}的用戶");
            return null;
        }
    }

   /// <summary>
    /// 部門類
    /// </summary>
    public class Department
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int Id { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 抽象的產品
    /// </summary>
    public interface IDatabaseDepartment
    {
        void InsertDepartment(Department department);
        Department GetDepartment(int id);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體的產品
    /// </summary>
    public class SqlServerDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment
    {
        public void InsertDepartment(Department  department)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlServerDepartment部門:{department.Name}");
        }
        public Department GetDepartment(int id)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"獲取了Id：{id}的部門");
            return null;
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體的產品
    /// </summary>
    public class MysqlDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment
    {
        public void InsertDepartment(Department department)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"插入了MysqlDepartment部門:{department.Name}");
        }
        public Department GetDepartment(int id)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"獲取了Id：{id}的部門");
            return null;
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 具體的產品
    /// </summary>
    public class SqlliteDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment
    {
        public void InsertDepartment(Department department)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlliteDepartment部門:{department.Name}");
        }
        public Department GetDepartment(int id)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"獲取了Id：{id}的部門");
            return null;
        }
    }

//C#控制台調用
Console.WriteLine("抽象工廠");
User user = new();
user.Name = "mhg";
user.Id = 1;
//變化點
IFacatory facatory=new SqlserverFacatory(); //MysqlFacatory //SqlliteFacatory
IDatabaseUser databaseUser = facatory.GetDatabaseUser();
databaseUser.InsertUser(user);
databaseUser?.GetUser(user.Id);
Department department = new Department();
department.Name = "研發部";
department.Id = 2;
IDatabaseDepartment databaseDepartment=  facatory.GetDatabaseDepartment();
databaseDepartment.InsertDepartment(department);    
databaseDepartment?.GetDepartment(department.Id);

以上就用抽象工廠實現的全部代碼，該代碼中IFacatory做為抽象工廠，SqlserverFacatory、MysqlFacatory、SqliteFacatory作為具體的產品工廠來生產產品；IDatabaseUser和IDatabaseDepartment為抽象的產品分別生產具體的產品SqlServerUser、MysqlUser、SqliteUser和SqlServerDepartment、MysqlDepartment、SqlliteDepartment。

總結

這個需求也可以用工廠模式實現，但每增加一個產品，就必須增加一個工廠類，而用抽象工廠可以縮減創建子類工廠的數量，不必給每一個產品增加工廠類，可以對產品進行分組，每組中的不同產品由同一個工廠類的不同方法來創建。

作者：realyrare

出處：https://www.cnblogs.com/mhg215/

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