這裡配置得是單nginx主機。。先準備4台主機,三台mariadb集群,一臺nginx。 mariadb集群配置 環境信息 MariaDB Server:MariaDB-10.2.10 CentOS:CentOS Linux release7.2.1511 (Core) MariaDB Galera ...
這裡配置得是單nginx主機。。先準備4台主機,三台mariadb集群,一臺nginx。
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mariadb集群配置
環境信息
MariaDB Server:MariaDB-10.2.10
CentOS:CentOS Linux release7.2.1511 (Core)
MariaDB Galera Cluster 三個集群節點主機名和IP地址信息:
192.168.1.51 db1
192.168.1.52 db2
192.168.1.53 db3
環境準備,最小化安裝CentOS7.2後,安裝net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm和lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm,方便遠程管理和傳輸文件。
1. 編輯配置hosts文件
# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
192.168.1.51 db1
192.168.1.52 db2
192.168.1.53 db3
2. # vi /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
3. # vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max=655350
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
最後執行:
# sysctl -p
4. 關閉SELINUX和防火牆
# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
# systemctl stop firewalld.service
# systemctl disable firewalld.service
# setenforce 0
部署MariaDB
從MariaDB 10.1版本開始,Galera Cluster就已經包含在MariaDB包裡面了,不需要單獨部署MariaDB-Galera-server 和galera 包。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
galera-25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-compat.rpm
MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm
準備好這五個包
--------------------------------------------------------------
步驟一:配置Yum源(192.168.1.51,192.168.1.52,192.168.1.53)
# touch /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB-IDC.repo
添加如下內容:
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl =http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
上面的yum源可能太慢,可以考慮使用如下地址:
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/mariadb-10.2.10/yum/centos/7.2/x86_64
gpgcheck=0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
也可以用本地源
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步驟二:安裝MariaDB(192.168.1.51,192.168.1.52,192.168.1.53)
# yum install MariaDB-server -y
如果無法訪問外網,或者外網太慢,可以考慮單獨部署一個本地的Yum源用來安裝依賴包,MariaDB的包下載後直接yum安裝,這裡演示使用YUM和本地文件相結合的方式部署MariaDB Galera Cluster。
# mount /dev/cdrom /media
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///media
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
# ls
galera-25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-compat.rpm
MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm
# yum install MariaDB-10.2.10-centos7-x86_64-* galera-25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
配置 MariaDB Galera Cluster
下麵我們開始配置MariaDB Galera Cluster,分別修改MariaDB Galera集群的每個節點上的/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf文件,具體每個節點的內容如下:
1. 192.168.1.51節點的/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf文件內容:
[root@db1 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf | grep -v "#" | grep -v "^$"
[server]
[mysqld]
server_id=151
datadir=/opt/galera
user=mysql
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
character-set-server=utf8
[galera]
wsrep_causal_reads=ON #節點應用完事務才返回查詢請求
wsrep_provider_options="gcache.size=4G"#同步複製緩衝池
wsrep_certify_nonPK=ON #為沒有顯式申明主鍵的表生成一個用於certificationtest的主鍵,預設為ON
#log-bin=/opt/galera/mysql-bin #如果不接從庫,註釋掉
#log_slave_updates=1 #如果不接從庫,註釋掉
query_cache_size=0 #關閉查詢緩存
wsrep_on=ON #開啟全同步複製模式
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so#galera library
wsrep_cluster_name=MariaDB-Galera-Cluster
wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.1.51,192.168.1.52,192.168.1.53" #galera cluster URL
wsrep_node_name=db1
wsrep_node_address=192.168.1.51
binlog_format=row
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 #主鍵自增模式修改為交叉模式
wsrep_slave_threads=8 #開啟並行複製線程,根據CPU核數設置
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0 #事務提交每隔1秒刷盤
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
[embedded]
[mariadb]
[mariadb-10.1]
2. 192.168.1.52節點的/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf文件內容(每個接點除了server_id、wsrep_node_name和wsrep_node_address不同外,其它都相同,可以複製後修改這三處):
[root@db2 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf | grep -v "#" | grep -v "^$"
[server]
[mysqld]
server_id=152
datadir=/opt/galera
user=mysql
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
character-set-server=utf8
[galera]
wsrep_causal_reads=ON
wsrep_provider_options="gcache.size=4G"
wsrep_certify_nonPK=ON
query_cache_size=0
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=MariaDB-Galera-Cluster
wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.1.51,192.168.1.52,192.168.1.53"
wsrep_node_name=db2
wsrep_node_address=192.168.1.52
binlog_format=row
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
wsrep_slave_threads=8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
[embedded]
[mariadb]
[mariadb-10.1]
3. 192.168.1.53節點的/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf文件內容:
[root@db3 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf | grep -v "#" | grep -v "^$"
[server]
[mysqld]
server_id=152
datadir=/opt/galera
user=mysql
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
character-set-server=utf8
[galera]
wsrep_causal_reads=ON
wsrep_provider_options="gcache.size=4G"
wsrep_certify_nonPK=ON
query_cache_size=0
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=MariaDB-Galera-Cluster
wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.1.51,192.168.1.52,192.168.1.53"
wsrep_node_name=db3
wsrep_node_address=192.168.1.53
binlog_format=row
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
wsrep_slave_threads=8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
[embedded]
[mariadb]
[mariadb-10.1]
MariaDB一個節點初始化安裝(僅192.168.1.51,其它節點不需要!):
# mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf --user=mysql
在192.168.1.51節點上通過bootstrap啟動(第一次啟動一定要使用--wsrep-new-cluster,再次啟動就不需要,其它節點也不需要!!)
# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf --user=mysql --wsrep-new-cluster &
在192.168.1.51節點上設置root密碼以及安全設置(其它節點不需要)
# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
或
# mysql_secure_installation
在配置過程中可以設置root的密碼,請牢記,以後要用到。
在192.168.1.52,192.168.1.53節點啟動MariaDB,註意:如果前面配置文件中指定的/opt/galera目錄不存在的話,需要手工創建並指定許可權和所有者:
# mkdir /opt/galera
# chown mysql:root /opt/galera
# chmod 700 /opt/galera
然後啟動資料庫。
# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf --user=mysql &
驗證操作
登錄三個節點查看
192.168.1.51節點:
[root@db1 ~]# mysql -uroot –pxxxxxx
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'wsrep_cluster_size';
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| wsrep_cluster_size | 3 |
+--------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like 'ws%';
+------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 3 |
| wsrep_cluster_size | 3 |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid |3108c722-ff29-11e6-a31f-bb500598d033 |
| wsrep_cluster_status | Primary |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid |3107a278-ff29-11e6-96d3-374133af7e21 |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.1.52:3306,192.168.1.53:3306,192.168.1.51:3306|
| wsrep_provider_version | 25.3.19(r3667) |
| wsrep_ready | ON |
| wsrep_thread_count | 9 |
+------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
58 rows in set (0.00 sec)
註釋:
wsrep_cluster_status為Primary,表示節點為主節點,正常讀寫。
wsrep_ready為ON,表示集群正常運行。
wsrep_cluster_size為3,表示集群有三個節點。
創建資料庫測試
192.168.1.51節點:
[root@db1 my.cnf.d]# mysql -uroot –pxxxxxx
MariaDB [(none)]> create database test_db;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
192.168.1.52節點查看:
[root@db2 my.cnf.d]# mysql -uroot -pxxxxxx
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test_db |
+--------------------+
192.168.1.53節點查看:
[root@db3 my.cnf.d]# mysql -uroot -pxxxxxx
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test_db |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
驗證InnoDB存儲的表
[root@db1 my.cnf.d]# mysql -uroot –pxxxxxx
MariaDB [test_db]> create table stuinfo(id int,name text) ENGINE InnoDB;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
MariaDB [test_db]> insert into stuinfo values(1,'hive');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [test_db]> insert into stuinfo values(2,'hbase');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [test_db]>
其他節點查看:
[root@db2 my.cnf.d]# mysql -uroot -pxxxxxx
MariaDB [(none)]> use test_db;
Reading table information for completion oftable and column names
You can turn off this feature to get aquicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [test_db]> select * from stuinfo;
+------+-------+
| id | name |
+------+-------+
| 1 | hive |
| 2 | hbase |
+------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@db3 my.cnf.d]# mysql -uroot –pxxxxxx
MariaDB [(none)]> use test_db;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [test_db]> select * from stuinfo;
+------+-------+
| id | name |
+------+-------+
| 1 | hive |
| 2 | hbase |
+------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
模擬節點故障
將192.168.1.51資料庫停止掉:
[root@db1 system]# mysqladmin -uroot -p "shutdown"
然後在其他節點192.168.1.52執行:
MariaDB [test_db]> show global status like 'wsrep%';
+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid | 0ce8537e-ff2a-11e6-b037-8a383b6a8db5 |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.1.52:3306,192.168.1.53:3306 |
| wsrep_last_committed | 10 |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_thread_count | 9 |
+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
此時集群為自動將192.168.1.51故障節點剔除掉,並且正常提供服務。
最後我們恢復失敗的節點:
[root@db1 system]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf --user=mysql &
再次查看集群環境:
MariaDB [test_db]> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'wsrep_cluster_size';
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| wsrep_cluster_size | 3 |
+--------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec
至此集群配置完成。
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先配置好基礎的lamp環境。
-----------------------------------------
最簡單化配置lamp環境
yum install -y httpd*
----------------------------------------
yum install -y php*
---------------------------------------
yum install -y mariadb*
---------------------------------------------
初始化資料庫
mysql_secure_installation
配置密碼
--------------------------------------
systemctl restart httpd
systemctl restart mariadb
-----------------------------------------
查看php是否安裝正確
vi /var/www/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
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接下來就是nginx的配置了
----------------------------------------
先下載好nginx包
先安裝編譯器。依賴
yum install gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel openssl-libs openssl -y
---------------------------------------------
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
編譯到指定目錄下
make
編譯
make install
安裝
----------------------------
完成後接下來配置環境變數以後就不用使用絕對路徑來操作Nginx了:
vi /etc/profile.d/http.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
------------------------
source !$
生效
啟動Nginx
nginx
----------------
在瀏覽器上輸入ip\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\註意不要和http衝突埠
出現
”Welcome to nginx!”
安裝成功
在去改配置文件
upstream app1 {
ip_hash;
server 192.168.1.51:80;
server 192.168.1.52:80;
server 192.168.1.53:80;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://app1;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
---------------------------------------------------------
nginx -s reload
重啟
輸入ip能訪問其餘主機的主頁就算成功了。