CSS佈局這種東西既複雜也簡單,弄清楚常見佈局的各種實現方法,方能實現更加複雜的佈局。本文將講解各種常見的佈局及其實現方法,相信一定會對你有所啟發。 ...
單列佈局
水平居中
- 父元素text-align:center;子元素:inline-block;
- 優點:相容性好;
不足:需要同時設置子元素和父元素
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>水平居中1</title> <style> .parent { width: 500px; height: 400px; background: red; text-align: center; } .child { display: inline-block; width: 300px; height: 100px; background: blue; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="parent"> <div class="child"></div> </div> </body> </html>
- 子元素margin:0 auto;
- 優點:相容性好
- 缺點:需要指定寬度
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>水平居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
margin:0 auto;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 子元素{display:table;margin:0 auto;}
- 優點:只需要對自身進行設置
- 不足:IE6,7需要調整結構
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>水平居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
margin:0 auto;
display:table;margin:0 auto;s
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 父元素:relative;子元素:absolute;left:50%;margin-left:-寬度的一半
- 優點:相容性好
- 缺點:需要知道子元素的寬度
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>水平居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
position: relative;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 父元素:relative;子元素:absolute;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,0);
- 優點:相容性差
- 缺點:不需要知道子元素的寬度
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>水平居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
position: relative;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,0);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 彈性盒子:父元素:display:flex;justify-content:center;
- 優點:簡單
缺點:相容性差
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>水平居中1</title> <style> .parent { width: 500px; height: 400px; background: red; display: flex; justify-content: center; } .child { width: 300px; height: 100px; background: blue; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="parent"> <div class="child"></div> </div> </body> </html>
垂直居中
- vertical-align:center;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>水平居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
display:table-cell;
vertical-align:middle;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>垂直居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
vertical-align:middle;
line-height:450px;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
display:inline-block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!-- 這種方法需要知道父元素和子元素的高度,父元素的line-height的值為父元素高度減去子元素高度的一半。-->
- 父元素:position:relative;子元素:positon:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(0,-50%);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>垂直居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
position: relative;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left:0;
transform: translate(0,-50%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
父元素:position:relative;子元素:positon:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-子元素高度的一半;
父元素:display:flex;align-items:center;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>垂直居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
水平垂直居中
- 父元素:display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;
子元素;display:inline-block;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>垂直居中1</title>
<style>
.parent {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
background: red;
display:table-cell;
vertical-align:middle;
text-align:center;
}
.child {
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
display: inline-block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 父元素:position:relative;
子元素:position:absolute