Django 踩過的坑（二）_ZenDei技術網路在線

最近在折騰Django的WSGI應用，雖然Django自帶的runserver很方便，但是對於複雜的功能它就無能為力了。首先在Windows上遇到坑了，然後在windows10自帶的Ubuntu遇到坑了，最後在虛擬機上總算解決了。待補充 ...

最近在折騰Django的WSGI應用，雖然Django自帶的runserver很方便，但是對於複雜的功能它就無能為力了。

首先在Windows上遇到坑了，然後在windows10自帶的Ubuntu遇到坑了，最後在虛擬機上總算解決了。

從以前的文章Django筆記《Django 學習筆記（二）第一個網頁》可以看出我用的是windows10系統中的cmd來進行Django操作的，由於gunicorn應用是在unix系統中運行的，強制性在win平臺運行就出錯了。

1.windows遇到坑：

首先 cmd中輸入：pip3 install gunicorn ，安裝成功後，切換到項目目錄(G:/Django/hello)，具體操作是先切換到G盤，直接輸入G:，接著輸入cd Django\hello 就會出現 G:\Django\hello>這種情況。然後運行gunicorn，在Django項目中格式是：gunicorn yourproject.wsgi [-b 127.0.0.1.8000]，括弧內為選填，其他命令參數可以發送 gunicorn -h得到幫助文檔。我這邊的項目是hello，所以我的命令操作是：gunicorn hello.wsgi ，然後呢，出錯ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'，沒有pwd模塊，好吧，沒有找唄。找到後的代碼貼在下麵了，把找到的pwd.py放進了python3的安裝目錄D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Lib，接著我們再運行gunicorn hello.wsgi ，結果又出錯了：AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX' ，然後我又在網上找，gunicorn是unix系統中的應用，將其用在windows上相容性是個大大的問題，如果按照錯誤一個個解決將是一個龐大的工程，所以轉戰unix系統，windows在gunicorn上棄坑。

G:\Django\hello>gunicorn hello.wsgi
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Scripts\gunicorn.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\wsgiapp.py", line 10, in <module>
    from gunicorn.app.base import Application
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\base.py", line 12, in <module>
    from gunicorn import util
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\util.py", line 13, in <module>
    import pwd
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'

from os import * 
from pwd import * 

def get_username():
    return getpwuid(getuid())[0]

pwd.py

G:\Django\hello>gunicorn hello.wsgi
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Scripts\gunicorn.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\wsgiapp.py", line 10, in <module>
    from gunicorn.app.base import Application
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\base.py", line 13, in <module>
    from gunicorn.arbiter import Arbiter
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\arbiter.py", line 18, in <module>
    from gunicorn import sock, systemd, util
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\sock.py", line 101, in <module>
    class UnixSocket(BaseSocket):
  File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\sock.py", line 103, in UnixSocket
    FAMILY = socket.AF_UNIX
AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX'

AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX'

2.win10平臺自帶Ubuntu遇到的坑

win10開啟Linux系統：首先，在win10設置-->安全與更新-->針對開發人員-->開發人員模式-->打鉤，然後在控制面板-->程式個功能-->啟動或關閉windows功能-->適用於Linux的windows子系統（Bata）-->打勾，最後用管理員運行shell-->輸入cmd-->輸入bash-->按照操作下載安裝Linux。

安裝完畢後，用管理員身份shell進入cmd，輸入bash進入Linux系統。系統預設安裝的有python2.7和python3.5。python預設啟動的是python2，可以設置預設python為python3：

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 100  
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.5 200

按照套路先安裝pip3（如果直接安裝pip是預設安裝在python2中的）：sudo apt-get install python3-pip，接著用pip安裝Django：sudo pip3 install Django，最後用pip安裝gunicorn：sudo pip3 install gunicorn （現在自動安裝的版本是19.7.1）。環境安裝完畢，切換到項目地址：cd /mnt/g/Django/hello，然後輸入gunicorn hello.wsgi ，結果又出錯了。OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available ，後來折騰卸載pip發現gunicorn 依賴於python-gunicorn（19.4.5），所以卸載了gunicorn(19.7.1)：pip3 uninstall gunicorn ，然後安裝了gunicorn(19.4.5)：pip3 install gunicorn==19.4.5。然後命令gunicorn hello.wsgi 啟動成功，沒有出現Failed to find application，成功訪問了127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ 。

Lee@Kein:/mnt/g/Django/hello$ gunicorn hello.wsgi
[2017-07-16 15:16:25 +0800] [428] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.7.1
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 44, in set_options
    sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/gunicorn", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(run())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 74, in run
    WSGIApplication("%(prog)s [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]").run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 203, in run
    super(Application, self).run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 72, in run
    Arbiter(self).run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 198, in run
    self.start()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 157, in start
    self.LISTENERS = sock.create_sockets(self.cfg, self.log, fds)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 180, in create_sockets
    sock = sock_type(addr, conf, log)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 32, in __init__
    self.sock = self.set_options(sock, bound=bound)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 89, in set_options
    return super(TCPSocket, self).set_options(sock, bound=bound)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 46, in set_options
    if err[0] not in (errno.ENOPROTOOPT, errno.EINVAL):
TypeError: 'OSError' object is not subscriptable

OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available

Lee@Kein:/mnt/g/Django/hello$ gunicorn hello.wsgi
[2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.4.5
[2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Listening at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 (470)
[2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2017-07-16 15:22:17 +0800] [473] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 473
Not Found: /static/admin/css/base.css
Not Found: /static/admin/css/login.css

3.虛擬機安裝ubuntu系統，按照上面的套路，成功一次性啟動了服務。也反過來思考win10上遇到的問題，成功把坑2填上了。

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