Sql Server資料庫常用Transact-SQL腳本

資料庫

1、創建資料庫

USE master ;  
GO  
CREATE DATABASE Sales  
ON   
( NAME = Sales_dat,  
    FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\saledat.mdf',  
    SIZE = 10,  
    MAXSIZE = 50,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5 )  
LOG ON  
( NAME = Sales_log,  
    FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\salelog.ldf',  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 25MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ;  
GO 

2、查看資料庫

SELECT name, database_id, create_date  
FROM sys.databases ;  

3、刪除資料庫

DROP DATABASE Sales;

表

1、創建表

CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail  
(  
    ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL  
    ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL  
    ,ProductID int NULL  
    ,UnitPrice money NULL  
    ,OrderQty smallint NULL  
    ,ReceivedQty float NULL  
    ,RejectedQty float NULL  
    ,DueDate datetime NULL  
);  

2、刪除表

DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;  

3、重命名錶

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';  

列

1、添加列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;

2、刪除列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;

3、重命名列

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN';

約束

1、主鍵

--在現有表中創建主鍵
ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive
   ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID);

--在新表中創建主鍵
CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1
   (
      TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL
      , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID)
   )
;


--查看主鍵  
SELECT name  
FROM sys.key_constraints  
WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive';  
GO  

--刪除主鍵
ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive  
DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID;   
GO  

視圖

 1、創建視圖

CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate  
AS  
SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate  
FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS  p  
ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ;   
GO  

2、刪除視圖

DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;  

存儲過程

1、創建存儲過程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest   
    @LastName nvarchar(50),   
    @FirstName nvarchar(50)   
AS   
    SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department  
    FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory  
    WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName  
    AND EndDate IS NULL;  
GO  

2、刪除存儲過程

DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest; 

3、執行存儲過程

EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar';  
-- Or  
EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar';  
GO  
-- Or  
EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman';  
GO  

4、重命名存儲過程

EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2'; 

5、帶有輸出參數的存儲過程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD  
@SalesPerson nvarchar(50),  
@SalesYTD money OUTPUT  
AS    
    SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD  
    FROM SalesPerson AS sp  
    JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID  
    WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson;  
RETURN  
GO


--調用
DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money;  
EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD  
    N'Blythe', 
    @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; 
GO  

數據類型