Lnmp 源碼編譯安裝、常見錯誤整理

簡介：

Lnmp 環境的搭建還是非常簡單的，之前由於博客遷移等原因，導致丟失了好多博文，這次重新整理記錄一下。

Lnmp 即：Linux 、Nginx 、Mysql 、PHP

Lnmp 是一套 Web 環境，Linux 作為底層操作系統，Nginx 提供 web 服務，Mysql 提供資料庫服務，PHP 負責解析 PHP 代碼。

強烈建議宿主機記憶體大於、等於 1G ，否則建議還是安裝低版本的 Mysql 跟 PHP ！！！

一、Nginx

下載地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz # 現在最新穩定版已經發展到了 1.8.0

shell > yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make wget zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel

shell > wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

shell > tar zxf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
shell > cd nginx-1.8.0
shell > ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx ; make ; make install # --prefix 參數指定 Nginx 安裝路徑

shell > /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # 啟動 Nginx
shell > netstat -anpt | grep nginx # 確認是否啟動
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7520/nginx

shell > curl -I http://127.0.0.1 # 訪問成功
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Fri, 07 Aug 2015 12:08:14 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Fri, 07 Aug 2015 12:04:38 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "55c49ed6-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

shell > iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
shell > service iptables save

## 至此 Nginx 就可以外網通過瀏覽器訪問了

二、Mysql ( 傳送門：http://www.cnblogs.com/wangxiaoqiangs/p/5336048.html )

三、PHP

下載地址：http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.11.tar.gz

shell > yum -y install epel-release
shell > yum -y install gd-devel libtool libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel openssl-devel glibc-devel glib2-devel libmcrypt-devel

shell > wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.11.tar.gz

shell > tar zxf php-5.6.11.tar.gz
shell > cd php-5.6.11
shell > ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-gd --with-xsl --with-bz2 --with-zlib --with-curl --with-pear --without-iconv --with-mcrypt \
--with-gettext --with-openssl --with-libxml-dir --with-png-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir \
--with-libdir=lib64 --enable-ftp --enable-fpm --enable-exif --enable-soap --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar \
--enable-sockets --enable-mbstring --enable-gd-native-ttf --disable-rpath --disable-debug

# 這堆參數怎麼說呢: 你也不必太在意，能解決大多數需求，有幾個需要解釋一下
# --prefix= 指定安裝路徑
# --with-config-file-path 指定 php.ini 存放位置
# --with-mysql 指定 Mysql 安裝路徑
# --enable-fpm Nginx 連接 php 全靠這個東西，如果沒有它，你的 Nginx 就不能解析 php

shell > make ; make install

shell > cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.11/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/php.ini

shell > cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.11/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
shell > chmod a+x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

shell > cat /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default > /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

shell > chkconfig --add php-fpm # 加入開機啟動
shell > chkconfig --level 35 php-fpm on

shell > service php-fpm start # 啟動 php-fpm
shell > netstat -anpt | grep php-fpm
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 71992/php-fpm

四、讓 Nginx 支持 PHP

shell > vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # 修改配置文件，使其可以解析 PHP

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm; # 加入 index.php
}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}

location ~ \.php$ { # 整段註釋去掉
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; # 修改為自己的根目錄
include fastcgi_params;
}
}

# 當然，這隻是讓 Nginx 支持 PHP 而已，實際工作中可以還有更多的配置

## 創建測試頁面 ( echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /usr/local/nginx/html/info.php ) , 重啟 Nginx 、php-fpm 放問測試！( 好久前測試記得需要 iptables -I INPUT -i io -j ACCEPT )

五、報錯彙總：( 記錄一些常見的錯誤及解決方法 )

1、沒有安裝 gcc 導致報錯 ( yum -y install gcc )

checking for OS
+ Linux 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... not found

./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

2、沒有安裝 pcre-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install pcre-devel )

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

3、沒有安裝 zlib-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install zlib-devel )

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.

# 上面是關於 Nginx 的報錯

4、沒有安裝 gcc-c++ 導致報錯 ( yum -y install gcc-c++ )

CMake Error: your CXX compiler: "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER-NOTFOUND" was not found. Please set CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER to a valid compiler path or name.

# 上面是關於 Mysql 的報錯

5、沒有安裝 libxml2-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install libxml2-devel )

configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

6、沒有安裝 bzip2-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install bzip2-devel )

configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

7、沒有安裝 libcurl-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install libcurl-devel )

configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/

8、沒有安裝 libjpeg-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install libjpeg-devel )

configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

9、沒有安裝 libpng-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install libpng-devel )

configure: error: png.h not found.

10、沒有安裝 freetype-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install freetype-devel )

configure: error: freetype-config not found.

11、沒有安裝 libmcrypt-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install epel-release ; yum -y install libmcrypt-devel )

configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.

12、找不到 libmysqlclient.so.18 導致報錯 ( ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib /usr/local/mysql/lib64 )

configure: error: Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr/local/mysql/.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!

13、跟上一個錯誤有連帶性，我猜的 ( ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/ )

configure: error: Don't know how to define struct flock on this system, set --enable-opcache=no

14、沒有安裝 libxslt-devel 導致報錯 ( yum -y install libxslt-devel )

configure: error: xslt-config not found. Please reinstall the libxslt >= 1.1.0 distribution