二進位包安裝MySQL資料庫

1.1二進位包安裝MySQL資料庫

1.1.1 安裝前準備(規範)

 1 [root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir -p /home/zhurui/tools  ##創建指定工具包存放路徑
 2 [root@Mysql_server ~]# wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/pub/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  ##下載二進位包
 3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz   ##解壓Mysql包
 4 [root@Mysql_server tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql  ##創建mysql用戶
 5 [root@Mysql_server tools]# id mysql
 6 uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)
 7 [root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir /application/
 8 [root@Mysql_server home]# mv /home/zhurui/tools/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32  
 9 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
10 total 4
11 drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.32
12 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql  ##設置軟鏈接
13 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
14 total 4
15 lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root   26 Dec 13 14:39 mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.32/
16 drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.32
17 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/
18 total 76
19 drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 bin
20 -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel 17987 Jun 19  2013 COPYING
21 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 data
22 drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:30 docs
23 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 include
24 -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  7470 Jun 19  2013 INSTALL-BINARY
25 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 lib
26 drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 man
27 drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-test
28 -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  2496 Jun 19  2013 README
29 drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 scripts
30 drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 share
31 drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 sql-bench
32 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 support-files

1.1.2 初始化資料庫

 1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql  ##初始化資料庫
 2 Installing MySQL system tables...
 3 OK
 4 Filling help tables...
 5 OK
 6 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/data/  ##查看初始化結果
 7 total 12
 8 drwx------. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:45 mysql
 9 drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 13 14:45 performance_schema
10 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 test

1.1.3 授權Mysql管理資料庫文件

1 [root@Mysql_server ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
2 [root@Mysql_server ~]# ll /application/mysql
3 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 26 Dec 13 14:39 /application/mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.32/

1.1.4 生成Mysql配置文件

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

1.1.5 配置啟動Mysql

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server 
2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  ##將生成的啟動腳本拷貝到init.d目錄下
3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 

1.1.6 啟動Mysql

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306  ##查詢Mysql服務是否開啟
2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# 
3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start  ##啟動Mysql服務
4 Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS! 
5 [root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306
6 COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
7 mysqld  2235 mysql   10u  IPv4  22761      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
8 [root@Mysql_server tools]# 

1.1.7 配置環境變數

方法1：

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ ##方法1

方法2：

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# tail -1 /etc/profile
2 PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"   ##尾部添加如下行
3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# source /etc/profile    ##使得配置生效

1.1.8 設置及更改密碼

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot password 123456   
2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password zhurui

2.1 資料庫管理

 1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysql -uroot -p
 2 Enter password: 
 3 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
 4 Your MySQL connection id is 8
 5 Server version: 5.5.32 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
 6 
 7 Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 8 
 9 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
10 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
11 owners.
12 
13 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
14 
15 mysql> show databases;   ##查看資料庫；
16 +--------------------+
17 | Database           |
18 +--------------------+
19 | information_schema |
20 | mysql              |
21 | performance_schema |
22 | test               |
23 +--------------------+
24 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
25 
26 mysql> drop database test;  ##刪除test庫；
27 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
28 
29 mysql> show databases;    
30 +--------------------+
31 | Database           |
32 +--------------------+
33 | information_schema |
34 | mysql              |
35 | performance_schema |
36 +--------------------+
37 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
38 
39 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##查看用戶列表；
40 +------+---------------+
41 | user | host          |
42 +------+---------------+
43 | root | 127.0.0.1     |
44 | root | ::1           |
45 |      | Mysql\_server |
46 | root | Mysql\_server |
47 |      | localhost     |
48 | root | localhost     |
49 +------+---------------+
50 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
51 
52 mysql> drop user root@'::1';  ##刪除無用用戶
53 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
54 
55 mysql> drop user ''@'Mysql\_server';      ##對於大寫、特殊字元刪除不了，下麵有介紹
56 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
57 
58 mysql> drop user ''@'localhost';    
59 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
60 
61 mysql> drop user 'root'@'Mysql\_server';  對於大寫、特殊字元刪除不了，下麵有介紹
62 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
63 
64 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
65 +------+---------------+
66 | user | host          |
67 +------+---------------+
68 | root | 127.0.0.1     |
69 |      | Mysql\_server |
70 | root | Mysql\_server |
71 | root | localhost     |
72 +------+---------------+
73 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
74 對於大寫、特殊字元刪除不瞭解決辦法：
75 mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="" and host="Mysql\_server";
76 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
77 
78 mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="root" and host="Mysql\_server";
79 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
80 
81 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##將無用用戶刪除以後，查看用戶列表                               
82 +------+-----------+
83 | user | host      |
84 +------+-----------+
85 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
86 | root | localhost |
87 +------+-----------+
88 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
89 mysql> flush privileges;  ##最後使得許可權生效
90 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

創建用戶sql語句：

1 mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456' with grant option;flush privileges;