CUBRID學習筆記 26 數據類型3cubrid教程

接上面的集合

集合之 set 

每個集合元素是不同的值, 但是類型只能是一種.也可以有其他表的記錄 如下

CREATE TABLE set_tbl ( col_1 set(CHAR(1)));

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ({'c','c','c','b','b','a'});

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ({NULL});

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ({''});

SELECT * FROM set_tbl;

  col_1

======================

{'a', 'b', 'c'}

{NULL}

{' '}

SELECT CAST(col_1 AS MULTISET), CAST(col_1 AS LIST) FROM set_tbl;

   cast(col_1 as multiset)   cast(col_1 as sequence)

============================================

  {'a', 'b', 'c'}  {'a', 'b', 'c'}

  {NULL}  {NULL}

  {' '}  {' '}

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ('');

ERROR: Cannot coerce '' to type set.

集合 MULTISET 

和set差不多.但是元素的內容可重覆

CREATE TABLE multiset_tbl ( col_1 multiset(CHAR(1)));

INSERT INTO multiset_tbl VALUES ({'c','c','c','b','b', 'a'});

SELECT * FROM multiset_tbl;

  col_1

======================

  {'a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'c'}

SELECT CAST(col_1 AS SET), CAST(col_1 AS LIST) FROM multiset_tbl;

   cast(col_1 as set)   cast(col_1 as sequence)

============================================

  {'a', 'b', 'c'}  {'c', 'c', 'c', 'b', 'b', 'a'}

集合 之list

可重覆的,但是是有序的.保持插入前的順序.list本身不會對內容排序.

CREATE TABLE list_tbl ( col_1 list(CHAR(1)));

INSERT INTO list_tbl VALUES ({'c','c','c','b','b', 'a'});

SELECT * FROM list_tbl;

  col_1

======================

  {'c', 'c', 'c', 'b', 'b', 'a'}

SELECT CAST(col_1 AS SET), CAST(col_1 AS MULTISET) FROM list_tbl;

   cast(col_1 as set)  cast(col_1 as multiset)

============================================

  {'a', 'b', 'c'}  {'a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'c'}

隱式轉換

Implicit Type Conversion Table 2

轉換規則

插入和修改

數據會轉為目標列的數據類型

CREATE TABLE t(i INT);

INSERT INTO t VALUES('123');

SELECT * FROM t;

            i

=============

          123

函數

參數被轉為函數的參數類型,如下  mod參數需要的是數字類型. 所以傳入的字元串被轉為數字

SELECT MOD('123','2');

           mod('123', '2')

==========================

     1.000000000000000e+00

    層次關係

• Date/Time Type (DATETIME > TIMESTAMP > DATE > TIME)
• Approximate Numeric Type (MONETARY > DOUBLE > FLOAT)
• Exact Numeric Type (NUMERIC > BIGINT > INT > SHORT)
• String Type (CHAR/NCHAR > VARCHAR/VARNCHAR)

比較操作

欄位類型的轉換

If operand2 is a set operator(IS IN, IS NOT IN, = ALL, = ANY, < ALL, < ANY, <= ALL, <= ANY, >= ALL, >= ANY), the exception above is not applied.

如果operand2 是集合操作 如 IS IN, IS NOT IN, = ALL, = ANY, < ALL, < ANY, <= ALL, <= ANY, >= ALL, >= ANY, 則不適用

數字和字元串比較

字元串將被轉換為dobule類型

CREATE TABLE t(i INT, s STRING);

INSERT INTO t VALUES(1,'1'),(2,'2'),(3,'3'),(4,'4'), (12,'12');

SELECT i FROM t WHERE i < '11.3';

            i

=============

            1

            2

            3

            4

SELECT ('2' <= 11);

     ('2'<11)

=============

            1

字元串和日期比較

字元串被轉為日期

SELECT ('2010-01-01' < date'2010-02-02');

   ('2010-01-01'<date '2010-02-02')

==================================

                                1

SELECT (date'2010-02-02' >= '2010-01-01');

字元串類型和系統的數字類型

數字被轉為字元串

PREPARE s FROM 'SELECT s FROM t WHERE s < ?';

EXECUTE s USING 11;

       s

===================

     '1'

字元串類型和數字類型

數字被轉為字元串

SELECT s FROM t WHERE s > 11;

       s

==================

     '2'

     '3'

     '4'

     '12'

SELECT s FROM t WHERE s BETWEEN 11 AND 33;

        s

======================

      '2'

      '3'

      '12'

字元串和日期類型

日期轉為字元串

SELECT s FROM t;

           s

======================

    '01/01/1998'

    '01/01/1999'

    '01/01/2000'

SELECT s FROM t WHERE s <= date'02/02/1998';

            s

======================

    '01/01/1998'

    '01/01/1999'

    '01/01/2000'

  (date '2010-02-02'>='2010-01-01')

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