單機搭建Android開發環境四，介紹了基於64位Ubuntu 12.04 Server版安裝git、repo、編譯環境，從內部伺服器下載Android5.1代碼並編譯測試。
單機搭建安卓開發環境，前三篇主要是磨刀霍霍，這一篇將重點介紹JDK、REPO、GIT及編譯工具的安裝，下載項目代碼並編譯。特別說明，以下操作基於64位12.04 Server版Ubuntu。若採用其他版本系統，請參考Google官方操作步驟。訪問不了的同學，請找大師(藍燈)，他能助你一臂之力。
1)安裝OpenJDK 7
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk --force-yes –y
查看java的版本
java –version
java version "1.7.0_95"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.6.4) (7u95-2.6.4-0ubuntu0.12.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.95-b01, mixed mode)
設置環境變數
vim ~/.profile
在末尾添加如下配置，保存並退出
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
終端輸入如下命令使配置生效
source ~/.profile
2)安裝google推薦的編譯工具
sudo apt-get install gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential --force-yes -y
sudo apt-get install zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev --force-yes -y
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 --force-yes -y
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos --force-yes -y
sudo apt-get install python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386 --force-yes -y
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 dpkg-dev --force-yes –y
3)安裝repo
下載repo V1.22國內定製版，已處理原版在國內使用時出現如下錯誤提示：
fatal: Cannot get https://gerrit.googlesource.com/git-repo/clone.bundle
fatal: error [Errno 101] Network is unreachable
將repo拷貝到/bin目錄下，並修改其屬性
sudo cp /home/repo /bin/
sudo chmod a+x /bin/repo
4)安裝git
sudo apt-get install git --force-yes –y
配置用戶郵箱及用戶名
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
git config --global user.name "hjb"
5)創建密鑰，並添加到伺服器端
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C [email protected]
拷貝id_rsa.pub並重命名，然後複製到伺服器
cp /home/hjb/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /home/hjb/id_rsa.pub.hjb113
在git伺服器端登錄bnv用戶,並執行如下命令，
cat /home/hjbang/id_rsa.pub.hjb113 >> /home/bnv/.ssh/authorized_keys
6)本地創建project目錄mt8735，準備下載代碼
cd ~
mkdir mt8735
cd mt8735
7)同步代碼
repo init -u [email protected]:/home/git/MTK/lp5.1-mt8735m-mirror/bonovo/platform/manifests.git -b default
repo sync
repo forall -c git checkout lp5.1-mt6735m
repo forall -c git checkout mt8735-avn401
repo forall -c git pull
8)安裝ccache，並配置ccache
sudo apt-get install -y ccache
配置.bashrc
sudo vim ~/.bashrc
末尾添加
export USE_CCACHE=1
使配置及時生效
source ~/.bashrc
查看設置狀態:
echo $USE_CCACHE
9)編譯project
cd ~/mt8735
prebuilts/misc/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -M 50G
. build/envsetup.sh
launch 25
make update-api
make update-api，大概需要花18分鐘，詳細信息如下，
Docs droiddoc: out/target/common/docs/doc-comment-check DroidDoc took 513 sec. to write docs to out/target/common/docs/doc-comment-check Copying current.txt Copying removed.txt Docs droiddoc: out/target/common/docs/system-api-stubs DroidDoc took 13 sec. to write docs to out/target/common/docs/system-api-stubs Copying system-current.txt Copying system-removed.txt #### make completed successfully (17:54 (mm:ss)) ####View Code
編譯Android5.1系統
make –j24
編譯過程非常漫長，可以通過如下命令查看cahe使用情況，
watch -n1 -d prebuilts/misc/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -s
cache directory /home/hjb/.ccache cache hit (direct) 0 cache hit (preprocessed) 0 cache miss 43927 called for link 1209 preprocessor error 732 unsupported source language 968 unsupported compiler option 2 files in cache 138583 cache size 18.0 Gbytes max cache size 50.0 Gbytes
可以看到cache大概有18GB，故使用ccache,第一次編譯的時間會比不用cache更長,但之後編譯速度將會有很大提升。
經過4個半小時，第一次編譯終於成功了，詳細信息如下，
Creating filesystem with parameters: Size: 1610612736 Block size: 4096 Blocks per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode size: 256 Journal blocks: 6144 Label: Blocks: 393216 Block groups: 12 Reserved block group size: 95 Created filesystem with 2436/98304 inodes and 221139/393216 blocks Install system fs image: out/target/product/mt8735_tb_l1/system.img out/target/product/mt8735_tb_l1/system.img+out/target/product/mt8735_tb_l1/obj/PACKAGING/recovery_patch_intermediates/recovery-from-boot.p maxsize=1644331392 blocksize=4224 total=881392372 reserve=16612992 #### make completed successfully (04:25:03 (hh:mm:ss)) ####View Code
修改內核模塊代碼，重新編譯系統鏡像大概需要13分鐘，詳細信息如下，
Creating filesystem with parameters: Size: 1610612736 Block size: 4096 Blocks per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode size: 256 Journal blocks: 6144 Label: Blocks: 393216 Block groups: 12 Reserved block group size: 95 Created filesystem with 2436/98304 inodes and 221139/393216 blocks Install system fs image: out/target/product/mt8735_tb_l1/system.img out/target/product/mt8735_tb_l1/system.img+out/target/product/mt8735_tb_l1/obj/PACKAGING/recovery_patch_intermediates/recovery-from-boot.p maxsize=1644331392 blocksize=4224 total=881392372 reserve=16612992 #### make completed successfully (13:04 (mm:ss)) ####View Code
雖然在SSD上編譯，這個時間會縮短到5分鐘左右，但還是比較長。所以在調試內核驅動模塊時，最好使用動態載入模塊的方式，以提高工作效率。
至此，Android系統編譯的環境基本搭建完成，後一篇將介紹如何搭建Android應用開發的環境。
