在用PHPUnit做單元測試時，我們可以借鑒先寫測試和測試驅動編碼的思想，將代碼編寫的更加模塊化，減少耦合，並且以完成實際功能為目標。這樣的代碼將會有更高的可測性，會大大提高我們的測試效率。
瞭解PHPUnit
本案例是關於創建三角形的一個單元測試入門案例，在netbeans環境中完成，關於在此環境中搭建phpunit這裡不再描述，可以參考以下資料完成搭建工作：
http://www.cnblogs.com/x3d/p/phpunit-in-netbeans8.html
https://phpunit.de/manual/current/zh_cn/installation.html
https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit-skeleton-generator
原代碼類：
<?php
class Triangle
{
/**
* 三條邊 第一條邊
* @var int
*/
protected $a;
/**
* 三條邊 第二條邊
* @var int
*/
protected $b;
/**
* 三條邊 第三條邊
* @var int
*/
protected $c;
/**
* 類型
* @var string
*/
protected $type;
/**
* 等邊
*/
const TYPE_EQUILATERAL = 'Equilateral';
/**
* 等腰
*/
const TYPE_ISOSCELES = 'Isosceles';
/**
* 普通
*/
const TYPE_ORDINARY = 'Ordinary';
public function __construct($a = 0, $b = 0, $c = 0)
{
$this->initSide($a, $b, $c);
}
/**
* 初始化三邊
* @param int $a
* @param int $b
* @param int $c
*/
protected function initSide(&$a = 0, &$b = 0, &$c = 0)
{
$this->a = intval($a);
$this->b = intval($b);
$this->c = intval($c);
return $this;
}
/**
* 組建
*/
public function create($a, $b, $c)
{
return $this->initSide($a, $b, $c)->verifySideIsValid();
}
/**
* 獲取類型
*/
public function getType()
{
return $this->verifyType()->type;
}
/**
* 驗證三邊是否有效
* @return boolean
*/
protected function verifySideIsValid()
{
if (intval($this->a) <= 0 || intval($this->b) <= 0 || intval($this->c) <= 0) {
return false;
}
if ($this->a + $this->b <= $this->c) {
return false;
}
if ($this->a + $this->c <= $this->b) {
return false;
}
if ($this->b + $this->c <= $this->a) {
return false;
}
if ($this->a - $this->b >= $this->c) {
return false;
}
if ($this->a - $this->c >= $this->b) {
return false;
}
if ($this->b - $this->c >= $this->a) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 驗證類型
*/
protected function verifyType()
{
if ($this->isEquilateral()) {
$this->type = self::TYPE_EQUILATERAL;
return $this;
}
if ($this->isIsosceles()) {
$this->type = self::TYPE_ISOSCELES;
return $this;
}
$this->type = self::TYPE_ORDINARY;
return $this;
}
/**
* 是否為等邊三角形
*/
protected function isEquilateral()
{
return (($this->a == $this->b ) && ($this->b == $this->c)) ? true : false;
}
/**
* 是否為等腰三角形
*/
protected function isIsosceles()
{
return (($this->a == $this->b ) || ($this->b == $this->c) || ($this->a == $this->c)) ? true : false;
}
}
生成的測試類文件：
<?php
/**
* Generated by PHPUnit_SkeletonGenerator on 2016-03-13 at 19:49:12.
*/
class TriangleTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @var Triangle
*/
protected $object;
/**
* Sets up the fixture, for example, opens a network connection.
* This method is called before a test is executed.
*/
protected function setUp()
{
$this->object = new Triangle;
}
/**
* Tears down the fixture, for example, closes a network connection.
* This method is called after a test is executed.
*/
protected function tearDown()
{
}
/**
* @dataProvider addDataProvider
* @covers Triangle::create
* @todo Implement testCreate().
*/
public function testCreate($a, $b, $c)
{
// Remove the following lines when you implement this test.
/**
$this->markTestIncomplete(
'This test has not been implemented yet.'
);
*
*/
/* 實現代碼 */
$this->assertTrue($this->object->create($a, $b, $c));
}
/**
* @covers Triangle::getType
* @todo Implement testGetType().
*/
public function testGetType()
{
// Remove the following lines when you implement this test.
$this->markTestIncomplete(
'This test has not been implemented yet.'
);
}
/**
* 測試用例
* @return array
*/
public function addDataProvider()
{
return [
[3, 4, 5], //yes
[2, 2, 2], //yes
[8, 10, 8], //yes
[2, 3, 4], //yes
[1, 2, 3], //no
[5, 6, 7], //yes
[8, 8, 15], //yes
[0, 0, 0], //no
[-10, 2, 5], //no
[0, 2, 1], //no
];
}
}
這裡需要註意，在我們執行“創建/更新測試”後生成的測試文件類與上面會有些不同，這裡的測試用例是手動加上去的，這裡具體實現可以查看手冊里的說明！
附執行結果：
"/usr/bin/php" "/usr/local/bin/phpunit" "--colors" "--log-junit" "/tmp/nb-phpunit-log.xml" "--bootstrap" "/var/www/html/phpunit/test/bootstrap.php" "/usr/local/netbeans-8.1/php/phpunit/NetBeansSuite.php" "--" "--run=/var/www/html/phpunit/test/core/triangleTest.php" PHPUnit 5.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. ....F..FFFI 11 / 11 (100%) Time: 105 ms, Memory: 10.50Mb There were 4 failures: 1) TriangleTest::testCreate with data set #4 (1, 2, 3) Failed asserting that false is true. /var/www/html/phpunit/test/core/triangleTest.php:47 2) TriangleTest::testCreate with data set #7 (0, 0, 0) Failed asserting that false is true. /var/www/html/phpunit/test/core/triangleTest.php:47 3) TriangleTest::testCreate with data set #8 (-10, 2, 5) Failed asserting that false is true. /var/www/html/phpunit/test/core/triangleTest.php:47 4) TriangleTest::testCreate with data set #9 (0, 2, 1) Failed asserting that false is true. /var/www/html/phpunit/test/core/triangleTest.php:47 FAILURES! Tests: 11, Assertions: 10, Failures: 4, Incomplete: 1. 完成。
