Android開發 ---ContentProvider數據提供者

1、activity_main.xml 2、MainActivity.java 3、utils/FileUtils.java 4、utils/UriUtils.java 5、AndroidManifest.xml ...

1、activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:text="讀取簡訊息"
        android:onClick="readSms"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:text="監聽簡訊息"
        android:onClick="listen_Sms"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:text="讀取聯繫人"
        android:onClick="readContact"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:text="讀取內置存儲圖像"
        android:onClick="readInnerImage"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/userImage"
        android:onClick="selectImage"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp" />
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/userImage2"
        android:onClick="selectImage2"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp" />
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/userImage3"
        android:onClick="selectImage3"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp" />
</LinearLayout>

2、MainActivity.java

package example.nf.android_contentprovider_system1;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.ContentObserver;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.telephony.SmsManager;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import example.nf.utils.FileUtils;
import example.nf.utils.UriUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    //定義一個數據提供者
    private ContentResolver resolver;
    //定義一個簡訊監聽器
    private SmsObserver sbserver;
    private ImageView userImage,userImage2,userImage3;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        userImage=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.userImage);
        userImage2=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.userImage2);
        userImage3=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.userImage3);
        resolver=getContentResolver();//獲取Content上下文對象數據解析器
    }

    //讀取簡訊息
    public void readSms(View view){
        /**
         * content://sms/inbox        收件箱
         content://sms/sent        已發送
         content://sms/draft        草稿
         content://sms/outbox        發件箱
         content://sms/failed        發送失敗
         content://sms/queued        待發送列表
         */
        readSms(Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"));
    }
    //讀取簡訊
    private void readSms(Uri uri){
        //通過數據提供者查詢uri指定簡訊的address地址和body內容
        /*
        *    _id     一個自增欄位，從1開始
            thread_id    序號，同一發信人的id相同
            address      發件人手機號碼
            person        聯繫人列表裡的序號，陌生人為null
            date            發件日期
            protocol      協議，分為： 0 SMS_RPOTO, 1 MMS_PROTO
            read           是否閱讀 0未讀， 1已讀
            status         狀態 -1接收，0 complete, 64 pending, 128 failed
            type
                ALL    = 0;
                INBOX  = 1;
                SENT   = 2;
                DRAFT  = 3;
                OUTBOX = 4;
                FAILED = 5;
                QUEUED = 6;
            body                     簡訊內容
            service_center     簡訊服務中心號碼編號
            subject                  簡訊的主題
        *
        * */
        Cursor cursor=resolver.query(uri,new String[]{"address","body"},null,null,null);
        //獲取結果集游標的列名
        String[] cols=cursor.getColumnNames();
        //遍歷結果集游標
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            for(int i=0;i<cols.length;i++){
                //通過日誌輸出結果集游標里的信息
                Log.i("簡訊息",cols[i]+"="+cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(cols[i])));
            }
        }
        cursor.close();
        Toast.makeText(this, "簡訊息已經讀取完畢", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    public void listen_Sms(View view){
        Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://sms");
        //註冊一個簡訊息的內容觀察者，專門觀察簡訊特定Uri引起的數據變化情況
        sbserver=new SmsObserver(handler);
        resolver.registerContentObserver(uri,true,sbserver);
    }
    private Handler handler=new Handler(){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            switch (msg.what){
                case 1:
                    readSms(Uri.parse("content://sms/outbox"));
                    break;
            }
        }
    };
    //定義一個簡訊息的觀察者
    private class SmsObserver extends ContentObserver{

        public SmsObserver(Handler handler) {
            super(handler);
        }
        @Override
        public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
            super.onChange(selfChange);
            handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
        }
    }

    //讀取聯繫人電話
    public void readContact(View view){
        Uri uri=ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
        Cursor cursor=resolver.query(uri,new String[]{"display_name","data1"},null,null,null);
        String[] cols=cursor.getColumnNames();
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            for (int i=0;i<cols.length;i++){
                Log.i("Contact",cols[i]+"="+cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(cols[i])));
            }
        }
        cursor.close();
    }

    //讀取手機內置存儲圖像
    public void readInnerImage(View view){
        Uri uri= MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        Cursor cursor=resolver.query(uri,new String[]{"_data","_size","_display_name"},null,null,null);
        String[] cols=cursor.getColumnNames();
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            for (int i=0;i<cols.length;i++){
                Log.i("Contact",cols[i]+"="+cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(cols[i])));
            }
        }
        cursor.close();
    }

    //選擇圖像_方法一
    public void selectImage(View view){
        /*
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
        intent.setType("image/*");
        startActivityForResult(intent,1);
        */
        /*
        * （一）、調用圖庫，獲取所有本地圖片：
Intent imageIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
 imageIntent.setType("image/*");
 startActivityForResult(imageIntent, PICK_CODE); //PICK_CODE是常量

（二）、調用本地聯繫人：
 Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
 intent.setType(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_TYPE);
 startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);
（三）、調用音樂，獲取所有本地音樂文件：
Intent audioIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
audioIntent.setType("audio/*");
startActivityForResult(audioIntent, PICK_AUDIO);
（四）、調用視頻，獲取所有本地視頻文件：
Intent videoIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
videoIntent.setType("video/*");
startActivityForResult(videoIntent, PICK_VIDEO);
        *
        * */
        //打開圖像
        Intent intent=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
        startActivityForResult(intent,1);
    }

    //打開相機拍照
    public void selectImage2(View view){
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        startActivityForResult(intent,2);
    }

    //打開相機拍照3,存儲原圖
    String picPath;
    public void selectImage3(View view) throws IOException {
        String basePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
        picPath=basePath+"/userImages/user_"+new Date().getTime()+".jpg";
        //picPath=this.getFilesDir()+"/user_images/user_"+new Date().getTime()+".jpg";
        Intent intent2 = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        File file=new File(picPath);
        if(!file.getParentFile().exists())
            file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
        file.createNewFile();
        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
        //為拍攝的圖片指定一個存儲的路徑
        intent2.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
        startActivityForResult(intent2, 3);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        switch (requestCode){
            case 1:
                Uri uri=data.getData();//取出用戶選擇的圖片Uri
                try {
                    Bitmap bitmap=MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(resolver,uri);
                    userImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    //移動文件
                    String from= UriUtils.getPathFromUri(this,uri);
                    String to=this.getFilesDir().getPath()+"/userImages";
                    Log.i("from:",from+"");
                    Log.i("to:",to+"");
                    FileUtils.copyFile(from,to);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            case 2:
                Bitmap bitmap;
                try {
                    bitmap = data.getExtras().getParcelable("data");
                    userImage2.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                } catch (ClassCastException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                //把圖片轉化為位元組流
                InputStream fis = null;
                try {
                    fis = new FileInputStream(picPath);
                    //把流轉化圖片
                    Bitmap userImage = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);
                    userImage3.setImageBitmap(userImage);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if(sbserver!=null)
            resolver.unregisterContentObserver(sbserver);
    }
}

3、utils/FileUtils.java

package example.nf.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/12/19.
 */

public class FileUtils {

    public static void copyFile(String from,String to){
        if(from!=null&&to!=null){
            File fromFile=new File(from);
            if(fromFile.exists()){
                File toFile=new File(to+"/"+fromFile.getName());
                if(!toFile.getParentFile().exists()){
                    toFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
                }
                try {
                    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(fromFile);
                    FileOutputStream out=new FileOutputStream(toFile);
                    int len=-1;
                    byte[] bytes=new byte[1024];
                    while((len=in.read(bytes))!=-1){
                        out.write(bytes,0,len);
                    }
                    out.close();
                    in.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

4、utils/UriUtils.java

package example.nf.utils;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/12/19.
 */

public class UriUtils {

    public static String getPathFromUri(Context context, Uri uri){
        if(uri!=null) {
            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{"_data"}, null, null, null);
            String[] cols=cursor.getColumnNames();
            if (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                String path=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("_data"));
                return path;
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

5、AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="example.nf.android_contentprovider_system1" >

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>

</manifest>