[20171221]利用rman實現2台機器文件拷貝.txt--//昨天使用rman duplicate建立dg,我看到執行如下代碼:RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;.. ...
[20171221]利用rman實現2台機器文件拷貝.txt
--//昨天使用rman duplicate建立dg,我看到執行如下代碼:
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
...
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwbook' auxiliary format
'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwbookdg' ;
}
--//是否通過這樣的方式可以實現2台伺服器之間文件拷貝呢?
1.環境:
SYS@book> @ &r/ver1
PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER
------------------------------ -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
2.先測試oracle的口令文件是否可以傳輸:
$ rlwrap rman target sys/oracle@book auxiliary sys/oracle@bookdg
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Dec 21 10:35:47 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: BOOK (DBID=1337401710)
connected to auxiliary database: BOOK (DBID=1337401710)
RMAN> backup as copy reuse targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwbook' auxiliary format '/tmp/orapwbookdg' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 10:36:16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=106 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=119 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=132 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 10:36:18
--//在備庫檢查發現
$ ls -l /tmp/orapwbookdg
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 2017-12-21 10:36:17 /tmp/orapwbookdg
3.測試其它用戶文件:
--//檢查主庫存在如下文件在/home/oracle,繼續測試看看:
$ ls -l aaa.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 54 2017-11-16 11:42:50 aaa.txt
RMAN> backup as copy reuse targetfile '/home/oracle/aaa.txt' auxiliary format '/tmp/aaa.txt.bookdg' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 10:40:14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=106 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=119 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=132 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 12/21/2017 10:40:17
ORA-19505: failed to identify file "/home/oracle/aaa.txt"
ORA-27046: file size is not a multiple of logical block size
Additional information: 1
--//可以發現不行,文件大小必須是logical block size的整數倍.換一句話文件大小必須是512的倍數.
--//一些發行版本有fallocate可以給文件分配空間.
$ fallocate -l 512 aaa.txt
--//我的測試機器沒有,我使用dd,需要加入512-54 = 458位元組
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=aaa.txt seek=54 count=458 bs=1 conv=notrunc
458+0 records in
458+0 records out
458 bytes (458 B) copied, 0.00208456 seconds, 220 kB/s
--//再次提醒加入輸入輸出不要寫反.寫入onv=notrunc不管怎樣都不會錯,這樣避免被切斷,我個人每次使用dd都心存敬畏..因為1次差錯....
--//註意這樣寫效率不高bs=1.(意味每次寫1個位元組,寫458次),因為前面的seek參數對應54*1,
--//如果你反過來寫count=1 bs=458 ,相當於在54*458偏移開始寫入.利用這個特性實際上這樣執行:
$ ls -l aaa.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 54 2017-12-21 10:55:17 aaa.txt
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=aaa.txt seek=511 count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1 byte (1 B) copied, 5.2118e-05 seconds, 19.2 kB/s
$ ls -l aaa.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 512 2017-12-21 10:56:52 aaa.txt
RMAN> backup as copy reuse targetfile '/home/oracle/aaa.txt' auxiliary format '/tmp/aaa.txt.bookdg' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 10:58:05
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 10:58:06
--//OK,現在拷貝過去了.
--//主庫:
$ md5sum /home/oracle/aaa.txt
94a6edaabd20f62185e62037f2dbcb21 /home/oracle/aaa.txt
--//備庫:
$ md5sum /tmp/aaa.txt.bookdg
94a6edaabd20f62185e62037f2dbcb21 /tmp/aaa.txt.bookdg
--//md5一樣,說明沒有問題.另外我的測試不使用reuse參數也會覆蓋對面的文件.這點要特別註意!!
RMAN> backup as copy targetfile '/home/oracle/aaa.txt' auxiliary format '/tmp/aaa.txt.bookdg' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:05:48
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 11:05:49
4.延伸測試:
--//是否這樣可以實現備份:
RMAN> backup as backupset datafile 6 auxiliary format '/data/testtest/datafile6_%U' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:21:00
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 12/21/2017 11:21:00
RMAN-06955: Network copies are only supported for image copies.
--//^_^,oracle不支持,報RMAN-06955: Network copies are only supported for image copies.
--//也就是做image copy應該沒有問題.
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 6 auxiliary format '/data/backuptest/datafile6_%U' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:28:22
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/datafile6_data_D-BOOK_I-1337401710_TS-TEA_FNO-6_fpsmm16m tag=TAG20171221T112822
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 11:28:23
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 6 auxiliary format '/data/backuptest/%b' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:29:01
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/tea01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T112901
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 11:29:02
--//OK沒有問題.
$ ls -l /data/backuptest
total 12328
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6299648 2017-12-21 11:28:22 datafile6_data_D-BOOK_I-1337401710_TS-TEA_FNO-6_fpsmm16m
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6299648 2017-12-21 11:29:01 tea01.dbf
$ dbv file=/data/backuptest/tea01.dbf
DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Dec 21 11:31:29 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /data/backuptest/tea01.dbf
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 768
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 594
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 128
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 46
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Pages Influx : 0
Total Pages Encrypted : 0
Highest block SCN : 392434057 (3.392434057)
--//說明沒有問題.註意這樣備份在控制文件沒有記錄.
--//主庫:
RMAN> list copy of datafile 6;
specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository
--//有點可惜的是11g不支持copy section size,也就是分段拷貝.12c支持,這樣可以加快copy的速度.
--//參考鏈接:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-1310778/
總結:
1.這樣方式拷貝文件大小存在限制,必須是512的倍數.
2.提供另外一種手工方式建立備庫的方式.
3.另外註意這樣拷貝方式在控制文件沒有記錄.
4.註意文件覆蓋問題.似乎數據文件copy不會覆蓋,除非指定resue參數,參考後面測試:
5.補充測試:
RMAN> backup as copy database auxiliary format '/data/backuptest/%b' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:39:12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/system01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T113912
channel ORA_DISK_3: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/sysaux01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T113912
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:58
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/undotbs01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T113912
channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:58
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
--//視乎文件存在不會覆蓋..
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_2 channel at 12/21/2017 11:40:12
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server
continuing other job steps, job failed will not be re-run
output file name=/data/backuptest/users01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T113912
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:17
output file name=/data/backuptest/example01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T113912
channel ORA_DISK_3: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:20
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_2 channel at 12/21/2017 11:40:12
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server
--//刪除前面的備份在重新執行:
RMAN> backup as copy database auxiliary format '/data/backuptest/%b' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:43:09
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/sysaux01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114309
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/undotbs01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114309
channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/system01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114309
channel ORA_DISK_3: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/tea01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114309
channel ORA_DISK_3: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
output file name=/data/backuptest/example01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114309
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
output file name=/data/backuptest/users01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114309
channel ORA_DISK_2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 11:44:30
--//ok!!
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 6 auxiliary format '/data/backuptest/%b' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:45:32
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 12/21/2017 11:45:33
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server
--//視乎不能覆蓋.加入resue看看.
RMAN> backup reuse as copy datafile 6 auxiliary format '/data/backuptest/%b' ;
Starting backup at 2017-12-21 11:46:19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
output file name=/data/backuptest/tea01.dbf tag=TAG20171221T114619
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-12-21 11:46:20