Oracle 圖形化以及命令行安裝

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@(Oracle)[Install] Oracle 安裝相關版本說明不同版本的Oracle需要安裝在特定的系統版本之上。如Oracle 11gR2的11.2.0.1.0需要安裝在CentOS 5.X以及RHLE 5.X 硬體要求 Physical Memory = 1G Swap Space ...

@(Oracle)[Install]

Oracle 安裝

硬體要求

Physical Memory >= 1G
Swap Space  >= 2G (available)
Temporary Space >= 400MB

依賴庫的安裝

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC-devel binutils-* compat-libstdc++* elfutils-libelf* glibc* gcc-* libaio* libgcc* libstdc++* make* sysstat*  unixODBC*

rpm -e ksh
yum install pdksh

Oracle用戶

首先創建Oracle用戶，在該用戶下進行安裝
創建步驟(需要具有root許可權)：

$/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
$/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
$useradd –g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle -r oracle
$mkdir -p /home/oracle
$chown oracle:dba /home/oracle
$passwd oracle

使用id命令查看用戶信息
$id oracle
輸出：
uid=504(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
其中具體id數據可以不一樣

Oracle安裝

註：Oracle檢查條件中：hard limit for maximum open file descriptors is set to at least 65536可以忽略

後續根據安裝步驟進行即可

listener.ora配置

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /bank/oracle/oracle10g/product/10.2.0)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL DBNAME = orcl) 
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

命令行安裝

初始化配置

配置db_install.rsp文件

安裝

./runInstaller -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp -silent -showProgress

Q&A

問題：[FATAL] [INS-32037] The operating system group specified for central inventory (oraInventory) ownership is invalid.
解決：
設置具有寫oraInventory許可權的組
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/oraInventory
問題：[FATAL] [INS-35071] Global database name cannot be left blank.
解決：ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle1
[FATAL] [INS-35071] Global database name cannot be left blank.
解決如：oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=oracle.sunyard
*問題： [FATAL] [INS-35175] No value given for the allocated memory of the database
解決：oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
[FATAL] [INS-30501] Automatic Storage Management software is not configured on this system.
配置Oracle存儲方式
問題：[FATAL] [INS-30004] The ADMIN password entered is invalid.
解決：密碼不能帶@
[FATAL] [INS-35341] User is not a member of the following chosen OS groups
解決：
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

問題：sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libsqlplus.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解決：設置如下配置文件

# .bash_profile
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi
# for oracle i
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
#oracle add 
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

問題：ORA-xxxxx: Message xxx not found; no message file for product=RDBMS, facility=ORA
解決：沒有正確設置ORACLE_HOME路徑，如app/oracle，需要設置為/home/oracle/app/oracle
問題：sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
```
/etc/sysconfig/selinux 中改為SELINUX=disabled 
chcon -t texrel_shlib_t $ORACLE_HOME/lib/*.so
```

參考：
Oracle文檔中的Oracle RAC先決條件部分：
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/nav/portal_6.htm
Oracle版本以及對應安裝系統：
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/relnotes.112/e23558/toc.htm#CHDHCEFI

CentOS和Redhat發行版與linux內核版本的對應關係：
http://foolishfish.blog.51cto.com/3822001/1597721

部分操作參考：
http://haowen.blog.51cto.com/3486731/1599042
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/solrhe/Securing-Optimizing-Linux-RH-Edition-v1.3/chap6sec72.html
http://blog.itpub.net/441887/viewspace-664317

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