有時需要在網上租用空間或資料庫,Mysql成本低一些,所以想將sql server轉成mysql…… 註意:在安裝Mysql時要選擇文字集為utf8,否則將不能使用中文(當前也可以在創建資料庫時使用utf8,不過我不知道在ef生成資料庫時如何設置,希望高手指點) 一、在項目中引用mysql的EF包 ...
有時需要在網上租用空間或資料庫,Mysql成本低一些,所以想將sql server轉成mysql……
註意:在安裝Mysql時要選擇文字集為utf8,否則將不能使用中文(當前也可以在創建資料庫時使用utf8,不過我不知道在ef生成資料庫時如何設置,希望高手指點)一、在項目中引用mysql的EF包
通過NuGet包管理器安裝:EntityFramework6.1.3、MySql.Data.Entity6.9.8 也可以用nuget的命令行加入:Install-Package MySql.Data.Entity
二、新建相關類
1、新建 User 實體類 並定義實例的欄位長度,不定義的話會出現Specified key was too long;max key length is 767 bytes 的錯誤,這是因為string 類型直接映射到mysql 中的話是longtext,而mysql 支持最大長度為767 bytes. public class User { public int Id { get; set; } [StringLength(30)] public string UserName { get; set; } [MaxLength(30)] public string PassWord { get; set; } } 2、新建 MyContext 類 並說明用MySql進行實現 [DbConfigurationType(typeof(MySqlEFConfiguration))][DbConfigurationType(typeof(MySqlEFConfiguration))] public class MyContext : DbContext { public MyContext() : base("name=MyContext")//web.config中connectionstring的名字 { } public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; } }
3、寫測試代碼
Database.SetInitializer(new DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<MyContext>()); var context = new MyContext(); //插入一行值 context.Users.Add(new User { UserName = "EF6MySQL" }); context.SaveChanges();三、配置Web.config
在<connectionStrings>中加入以下代碼: <add name="MyContext" connectionString="Data Source=localhost;port=3306;Initial Catalog=MySQL_EF;user id=root;password=root;" providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" />完整的web.config如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <configuration> <configSections> <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 --> <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" /> </configSections> <entityFramework> <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory , EntityFramework" /> <providers> <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" /> <provider invariantName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlProviderServices, MySql.Data.Entity.EF6, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d"> </provider> </providers> </entityFramework> <system.data> <DbProviderFactories> <remove invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" /> <add name="MySQL Data Provider" invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for MySQL" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlClientFactory, MySql.Data, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" /> </DbProviderFactories> </system.data> <connectionStrings> <add name="MyContext" connectionString="Data Source=localhost;port=3306;Initial Catalog=MySQL_EF;user id=root;password=root;" providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" /> </connectionStrings> </configuration>
最後,運行程式,完成資料庫自動創建
常見問題
- 出現錯誤提示: Specified key was too long;max key length is 767 bytes
- 出現錯誤提示: Model compatibility cannot be checked because the database does not contain model metadata
- 出現錯誤提示:序列不包含任何匹配元素
例如:1.
public class Employee { [Key] public int EmployeeId { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } [ForeignKey("ManagerId")] public Employee Manager { get; set; } public int ManagerId { get; set; } }
[ForeignKey("ManagerId")]
public Employee Manager { get; set; }
public int ManagerId { get; set; }
這個外鍵設置。
2.
[Column(TypeName="VARCHAR(254)")]
public string ColumnName { get; set; }
這樣的定義,改成:
[MaxLength(254)] [Column(TypeName="VARCHAR")]
public string ColumnName { get; set; }
3.(以下代碼未測試,因為我不是這樣用的,在下篇文章中將進行測試)
modelBuilder.Entity<Category>() .HasKey(c => c.IdCategory ) .HasOptional(p => p.Children) .WithMany() .HasForeignKey(c => c.ChildrenId); 改成: modelBuilder.Entity<Category>() .HasKey(c => c.IdCategory ) .HasMany(p => p.Children) .WithOptional() .HasForeignKey(c => c.ChildrenId); .WithMany()換成.WithOptional()