Java網路編程Socket

来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/cxy-sky/archive/2022/10/06/sky01.html
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Java網路多線程

2022年8月31日

筆記 韓順平Java自學筆記 網路多線程_關註永雛塔菲喵的博客-CSDN博客

網課 【韓順平講Java】Java網路多線程專題 - TCP UDP Socket編程 多線程 併發處理 文件傳輸 新聞推送 Java_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili

通信項目上傳到github：cxy-sky/JavaSocket: Java 網路多線程專題，包括 TCP UDP Socket編程 多線程 併發處理 文件傳輸 新聞推送 (github.com)
2022年9月7日完結

InetAddress

package com.jiao;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
//       獲得本機的InetAddress對象
        InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        System.out.println(localHost);
//      根據指定的主機名獲得InetAddress對象
        InetAddress byName = InetAddress.getByName("sky");
        System.out.println(byName);
//      根據功能變數名稱返回對應的ip
        InetAddress byName1 = InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
        System.out.println(byName1);
//      通過getHostAddress對象使他獲得對應的地址ipv4地址
        String hostAddress = byName1.getHostAddress();
        System.out.println(hostAddress);
//      獲取對應的功能變數名稱
        String hostName = byName1.getHostName();
        System.out.println(hostName);
    }
}

Socket

簡介

請添加圖片描述

理解

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TCP網路通信

簡介

請添加圖片描述

案例1 位元組流

服務端

package com.jiao.socket.tcp01;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/8/31
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//        要求電腦上沒有其他程式在監聽9999介面
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("伺服器在9999埠進行監聽");
        //程式阻塞，不再向下執行  如果有客戶端socket鏈接，返回一個socket鏈接，開始向下執行
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("客戶端 socket = "+socket.getClass());
//      客戶端沒有發送消息的話，會堵塞在這裡
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] msg = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while ((len = inputStream.read(msg)) != -1) {
            System.out.println("收到消息: " + socket.getLocalAddress().getHostName() + " " + new String(msg, 0, len));
        }
        inputStream.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
        System.out.println("服務關閉");
    }

}

客戶端

package com.jiao.socket.tcp01;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/8/31
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(), 9999);
        System.out.println("正在發送消息");
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("hello jiaojiao".getBytes());
        //發送完成結束標記
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        System.out.println("消息發送完成");
        outputStream.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

案例2 互發消息

server

package com.jiao.socket.tcp02;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/8/31
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("server" + InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress() + "正在監聽");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] msg = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while ((len = inputStream.read(msg)) != -1) {
            System.out.println("收到消息: " + socket.getLocalAddress().getHostName() + " " + new String(msg, 0, len));
        }
        
		//給client發送消息
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("hello tiantian".getBytes());
        //發送完成結束標記
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        outputStream.close();
        inputStream.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
        System.out.println("服務關閉");
    }

}

client

package com.jiao.socket.tcp02;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/8/31
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//        Socket socket = new Socket("106.14.219.106", 9999);
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(), 9999);
        System.out.println("正在發送消息");
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("hello jiaojiao".getBytes());
        //發送完成結束標記
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        System.out.println("消息發送完成");

        //接收服務端發來的消息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] msg = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while ((len = inputStream.read(msg)) != -1) {
            System.out.println(new String(msg, 0, len));
        }

        inputStream.close();
        outputStream.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

案例3 位元組流

使用writer時，寫入數據後，要調用flush刷新

//input位元組流轉換為reader字元流
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

//output位元組流轉換為writer字元流
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));

package com.jiao.socket.tcp03;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/8/31
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("server" + InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress() + "正在監聽");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String msg = bufferedReader.readLine();
        System.out.println("server 收到消息: " + socket.getLocalAddress().getHostName() + " " + msg);

        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        bufferedWriter.write("hello tiantian");
        bufferedWriter.newLine();
        bufferedWriter.flush();

        bufferedWriter.close();
        bufferedReader.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
        System.out.println("服務關閉");
    }

}

客戶端

package com.jiao.socket.tcp03;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/8/31
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//        Socket socket = new Socket("106.14.219.106", 9999);
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(), 9999);
        System.out.println("正在發送消息");
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        bufferedWriter.write("hello jiaojiao");
        bufferedWriter.newLine();
        bufferedWriter.flush();
        System.out.println("消息發送完成");

        //接收服務端發來的消息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String msg = bufferedReader.readLine();
        System.out.println("client 收到消息: " + socket.getLocalAddress().getHostName() + " " + msg);

        bufferedReader.close();
        bufferedWriter.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

上傳文件

img

工具類

package com.jiao.upload;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/1
 * email:[email protected]
 **/

public class StreamUtils {
    public static byte[] streamToByteArray(InputStream is) throws Exception {
        // 創建輸出流對象
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        // 位元組數組
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
            // 迴圈讀取
            // 把讀取到的數據，寫入 bos
            bos.write(b, 0, len);
        }
        byte[] array = bos.toByteArray();
        bos.close();
        return array;
    }

    public static String streamToString(InputStream is) throws Exception {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        String line;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            builder.append(line + "\r\n");
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }
}

server

package com.jiao.upload;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/1
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("》》服務開啟，等待連接，發送圖片");
        //得到連接
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //準備圖片
        String imgName = "src/com/jiao/upload/jiaojiao.png";
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(imgName));
        //將圖片保存為byte數組中
        byte[] img = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bis);
        //獲取socket的輸出流
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        //轉換為緩存輸出流
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
        bos.write(img);
        System.out.println("》》圖片發送完成");
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        //客戶端收到圖片後的反饋信息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        System.out.println(reader.readLine());
        bos.close();
        bis.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();

    }

}

client

package com.jiao.upload;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/1
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(), 9999);
        System.out.println("》》等待圖片");

        //獲取socket接收到的二進位圖片數據
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
        byte[] img = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bis);

        //保存到本地
        String imgName = "src/com/jiao/upload/tiantian.png";
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(imgName));
        bos.write(img);
        System.out.println("》》保存完成");


        //給服務端發送接受完成信息
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        writer.write(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName() + "已收到圖片");
        writer.newLine();
        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
        bos.close();
        bis.close();
        socket.close();

    }

}

UDP

原理

請添加圖片描述

user1

package com.jiao.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/2
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class User1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9999);
        //向user2發送消息
        byte[] bag = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length, InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.3"), 9998);
        byte[] msg = "Hello jiaojiao".getBytes();
        packet.setData(msg, 0, msg.length);
        socket.send(packet);

        System.out.println("發送完成");
        System.out.println("等待user2回覆");

        packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length);
        socket.receive(packet);
        msg = packet.getData();
        System.out.println(new String(msg, 0, msg.length));

        System.out.println("通信完成");
        socket.close();
    }
}

user2

package com.jiao.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/2
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class User2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9998);
        //接受user1的消息
        byte[] bag = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length);
        System.out.println("等待user1的消息");
        socket.receive(packet);
        byte[] msg = packet.getData();
        System.out.println(new String(msg, 0, msg.length));
        //回覆user1
        packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length, InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.3"), 9999);
        msg = "hello tiantian".getBytes();
        packet.setData(msg, 0, msg.length);
        socket.send(packet);
        System.out.println("通信結束");
        socket.close();
    }
}

練習

tcp

請添加圖片描述

server

package com.jiao.homework.test1;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/2
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println(">>服務已開啟，等待連接");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
//        System.out.println("client:  " + reader.readLine());

        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        if ("name".equals(reader.readLine()))
            writer.write("nova");
        else
            writer.write("你說啥呢");
        writer.newLine();
        writer.flush();

        System.out.println("client:  " + reader.readLine());

        writer.write("編寫java程式");
        writer.newLine();
        writer.flush();

        writer.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();

    }
}

client

package com.jiao.homework.test1;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/2
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(), 9999);
        System.out.println(">>給伺服器發送消息");
        //給server發送消息
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        writer.write("name");
        writer.newLine();
        writer.flush();


        //接受回覆
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
//        System.out.println("server:  " + reader.readLine());
        if ("name".equals(reader.readLine()))
            writer.write("hobby");
        else
            writer.write("你說啥呢");
        writer.newLine();
        writer.flush();

        System.out.println("server:  " + reader.readLine());

        writer.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();

    }
}

udp

請添加圖片描述

userA

package com.jiao.homework.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/2
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class UserA {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        //發送方
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9999);

        byte[] bag = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length, InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.3"), 9998);
        System.out.println("請輸入問題：");
        String msgS = in.nextLine();
        byte[] msgB = msgS.getBytes();
        packet.setData(msgB);
        socket.send(packet);

        packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length);
        socket.receive(packet);
        msgB = packet.getData();
        System.out.println(new String(msgB, 0, packet.getLength()));

        socket.close();
    }

}

userB

package com.jiao.homework.udp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/2
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class UserB {


    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //接受方
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9998);
        byte[] bag = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length);
        socket.receive(packet);
        byte[] msgB = packet.getData();
        System.out.println(new String(msgB, 0, packet.getLength()));

        packet = new DatagramPacket(bag, bag.length, InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.3"), 9999);
        packet.setData("四大名著為。。。。。。".getBytes());
        socket.send(packet);

        socket.close();
    }
}

文件傳輸

請添加圖片描述

server

package com.jiao.homework.trans;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/3
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        //服務端等待客戶端下載請求
        System.out.println("等待請求");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //得到socket請求
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] data = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        //文件名稱,這裡是單線程可以用stringBuilder
        StringBuilder fileName = new StringBuilder();
        while ((len = is.read(data, 0, data.length)) != -1) {
            fileName.append(new String(data, 0, len));
        }
        System.out.println(fileName);
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        if ("碧藍之海".equals(fileName.toString())) {
            fileName = new StringBuilder("src/com/jiao/homework/trans/碧藍之海.mp3");
        } else {
            fileName = new StringBuilder("src/com/jiao/homework/trans/sorry.txt");
        }
        bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName.toString()));
        byte[] file = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bis);

        //發送給客戶端
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
        bos.write(file);
        bos.flush();
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        bos.close();
        bis.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();

    }
}

client

package com.jiao.homework.trans;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/3
 * email:[email protected]
 **/
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入文件名");
        String filename = scanner.nextLine();
        //給服務端發送下載文件的文件名
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(), 9999);
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        os.write(filename.getBytes());
        os.flush();
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        //獲取返回的文件，下載
        //將文件讀取到數組中
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
        byte[] file = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bis);
        //保存到本地
        if ("碧藍之海".equals(filename))
            filename = "E:\\" + filename + ".mp3";
        else
            filename = "E:\\" + filename + ".txt";

        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filename));
        bos.write(file);
        bos.flush();

        bos.close();
        bis.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();

    }
}

StreamUtils

package com.jiao.homework.trans;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

/**
 * auth:@highSky
 * create:2022/9/1
 * email:[email protected]
 **/

public class StreamUtils {
    public static byte[] streamToByteArray(InputStream is) throws Exception {
        // 創建輸出流對象
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        // 位元組數組
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
            // 迴圈讀取
            // 把讀取到的數據，寫入 bos
            bos.write(b, 0, len);
        }
        byte[] array = bos.toByteArray();
        bos.close();
        return array;
    }

    public static String streamToString(InputStream is) throws Exception {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        String line;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            builder.append(line + "\r\n");
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }
}

項目-多用戶通信請添加圖片描述


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